Validation of Child Drawing Hospital Scale (CD: H) and the Place of the Drawing in the Evaluation of Dental Anxiety

February 1, 2022 updated by: Halenur Altan, Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Objectives: Our study aimed to perform a Turkish validation study of the Child Drawing: Hospital (CD:H) Scale and evaluate the dental anxiety and pain experienced during the treatment by drawing.

Study Design: Pediatric patients between the ages of 4-13 who applied to the Pediatric Dentistry Department between 2018-2020 were included in the study. Following the translation of the CD:H Scale into Turkish and linguistic-cultural validation, the behaviors of pediatric patients during treatment were evaluated with the Frankl Behavior Rating Scale, the pain they experienced during treatment with the Wong- Baker Face Rating Scale, and their anxiety levels were evaluated with the pictures drawn by the patients at the end of the treatment. The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for the Social Sciences v23, and the significance level was taken as p <0.05.

Results: Within the scope of the scale's reliability-validity study, the Intra-Class Correlation Coefficient (ICC) was evaluated with test-retest consistency. For section A,B,C and total score reliability was found to be positive and strong level correlation. Dental anxiety of boys was higher than girls.

Conclusions: The Turkish version of the CD:H Scale is a reliable and valid scale that can be used to evaluate the dental anxiety of Turkish pediatric patients.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

235

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Turkey
      • Tokat, Turkey, 60100
        • Gaziosmanpasa University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

4 years to 13 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who have toothache and who have undergone dental treatment (filling and root canal treatment)
  • Patients with deep dentin caries who need local anesthesia
  • Children between the ages of 4-13
  • Patients who are willing to paint and understand commands
  • Patients without any mental or physical disability
  • Patients whose parents agreed to participate in the study and signed their consent

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children not aged 4-13
  • Patients with mild to moderate caries who do not need local anesthesia
  • Patients who are not willing to paint
  • Patients with inadequate hand coordination
  • Patients with motor dysfunction
  • Children with any systemic illness
  • Patients with mental or physical disabilities
  • Patients with any syndrome
  • Patients with color blindness
  • Children whose native language is not Turkish
  • Patients whose parents refused to participate in the study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: CD:H Scale
Pictures drawn using the CD:H Scale were evaluated.
Behavioral: survey research
Children with dental treatment were asked to draw pictures.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Turkish Validation of the Child Drawing Hospital Scale
Time Frame: 12 week
Using the Child Drawing Hospital Scale, the pictures drawn by the patients were interpreted and scored by two researchers (minimum 15, max 205).
12 week

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

November 20, 2018

Primary Completion (Actual)

August 1, 2019

Study Completion (Actual)

May 10, 2020

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 20, 2022

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 1, 2022

First Posted (Actual)

February 11, 2022

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 11, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 1, 2022

Last Verified

February 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 17-KAEK-195

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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