Application of CLCVP Technique in Early Intervention of CSA-AKI

Application of Controlled Low Central Venous Pressure Technique in Early Intervention of Cardiac Surgery-associated Acute Kidney Injury

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn about in postoperative acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery. The main questions it aims to answer are:

1. Controlled low central venous pressure (CLCVP) technique can reduce the occurrence of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI) by reducing venous congestion and increasing renal perfusion pressure.
2. CLCVP technique does not increase the risk of postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) during cardiac surgery.

Participants who are assigned to the intervention group will receive CLCVP technique. Specific methods are as follows: First,20min after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass, on the basis of ensuring that the mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 60mmHg, the patients will accept dorsal elevated position. After that, if the patient's central venous pressure (CVP) is less than 10mmHg, nitroglycerin will be pumped at 0.2ug/ (kg * min). If the patient's CVP is still greater than or equal 10mmHg, we increase the dose by 0.2ug/ (kg * min) and pump again for 5min, and the like. Until the patient's CVP is less than 10mmHg or the dose of nitroglycerin increases to 1ug/ (kg * min), the current dose is maintained until the end of surgery.

If participants are assigned to the control group, no intervention measures will be taken.

The researchers will compare the intervention group with the control group to see the occurrence of CSA-AKI and POCD after cardiac surgery.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Acute Kidney Injury
• Intervention / Treatment: Combination product: controlled low central venous pressure technique (CLCVP)

Detailed Description

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common and serious complication after cardiac surgery, which is associated with worsen prognosis including longer hospitalization, elevated mortality and morbidity and greater healthcare costs.The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the development of AKI after cardiac surgery are complex. Venous congestion during cardiac surgery rather than hypotension is independently associated with the postoperative adverse kidney events, for both AKI within 7 days postoperative and longer-term acute kidney disease (AKD) that develops between 8- and 90-day postoperative window.Central venous pressure (CVP) is used as an indicator to quantify the degree of venous congestion, and high CVP may reflect severe venous congestion, contributing to decreased organ perfusion pressure and negatively affect renal microcirculation.

Controlled low central venous pressure (CLCVP) technique is a common and safe technique in clinical surgery.CLCVP technology has been widely used in hepatectomy, but there are few studies on its application in cardiac surgery settings. Most scholars believe that it has no adverse effects on the kidneys, while some studies suggest that it has a certain protective effect on the kidneys, but the mechanism is unclear.Actively targeting lower CVP levels using fluid restriction, reverse Trendelenburg position, vasodilators and other methods by anesthetics, can significantly reduce major intraoperative bleeding events.CLCVP technique could potentially play a role in renal protection during cardiac surgery by easing venous congestion through reduced CVP levels.

We therefore carried out a controlled randomized clinical trial to study the effect of CLCVP technique on postoperative acute kidney complications after on-pump cardiac surgery. Specifically, we tested the hypothesis that CLCVP management reduces the incidence of postoperative AKI through lower intraoperative CVP levels.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 200
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Yali Ge, Doctor; Phone Number: China+025-52271064; Email: ge_yl@163.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Lanxin Hu, BS; Phone Number: 13476712087 China + 025-52271064; Email: hlx20877520@163.com

Study Locations

• China
  • Jiangsu
    • Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210012
      • Recruiting
      • Nanjing First Hospital
      • Contact: Yali Ge, Doctor; Phone Number: China + 025-52271064; Email: ge_yl@163.com

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients aged 18 years and older, who underwent cardiac surgery (coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), heart valve surgery, heart transplant or surgical excision of intracardiac myxoma) were eligible for analyses.

Exclusion Criteria:

• pre-existing renal insufficiency defined by presence of abnormal preoperative serum creatinine ≥ 133 μmol/L and/or preoperative diagnosis of renal insufficiency within 6 months' preoperative period.
• patients with preoperative dialysis dependence within 60 days before surgery, off-pump heart surgery, prior kidney transplantation, pregnancy, as well as those under drug therapy with nitroglycerin were excluded.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: intervention group; First,20min after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass, on the basis of ensuring that the mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 60mmHg, the patients will accept dorsal elevated position. After that, if the patient's CVP is less than 10mmHg, nitroglycerin will be pumped at 0.2ug/ (kg * min). If the patient's CVP is still greater than or equal 10mmHg, we increase the dose by 0.2ug/ (kg * min) and pump again for 5min, and the like. Until the patient's CVP is less than 10mmHg or the dose of nitroglycerin increases to 1ug/ (kg * min), the current dose is maintained until the end of surgery.	Combination product: controlled low central venous pressure technique (CLCVP); 20min after the end of cardiopulmonary bypass, on the basis of ensuring that the mean arterial pressure (MAP) ≥ 60mmHg, we maintain the patient's central venous pressure below 10 mmHg by adjusting the posture and pumping nitroglycerin.
No Intervention: control group; no intervention measures

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Acute kidney injury (AKI) 1	Acute Kidney Injury is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine of ≥0. 3 mg/dL (≥26. 5 mmol/L) within 2 days or a 1. 5-fold increase in serum creatinine from baseline within 7 days, or UO <0. 5 ml/kg/h for more than 6 hours in the ICU after surgery	preoperation, Within 7 days after surgery
Acute kidney injury (AKI) 2	Acute Kidney Injury is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine of ≥0. 3 mg/dL (≥26. 5 mmol/L) within 2 days or a 1. 5-fold increase in serum creatinine from baseline within 7 days, or UO <0. 5 ml/kg/h for more than 6 hours in the ICU after surgery	one day after surgery
Acute kidney injury (AKI) 3	Acute Kidney Injury is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine of ≥0. 3 mg/dL (≥26. 5 mmol/L) within 2 days or a 1. 5-fold increase in serum creatinine from baseline within 7 days, or UO <0. 5 ml/kg/h for more than 6 hours in the ICU after surgery	three days after surgery
Acute kidney injury (AKI) 4	Acute Kidney Injury is defined as an absolute increase in serum creatinine of ≥0. 3 mg/dL (≥26. 5 mmol/L) within 2 days or a 1. 5-fold increase in serum creatinine from baseline within 7 days, or UO <0. 5 ml/kg/h for more than 6 hours in the ICU after surgery	7 days after surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) 1	Diagnosis of postoperative POCD using MSE scales	preoperation
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) 2	Diagnosis of postoperative POCD using MSE scales	7 days after surgery
Postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) 3	Diagnosis of postoperative POCD using MSE scales	30 days after surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University
• Investigators: Study Chair: Yali Ge, Doctor, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Chen L, Hong L, Ma A, Chen Y, Xiao Y, Jiang F, Huang R, Zhang C, Bu X, Ge Y, Zhou J. Intraoperative venous congestion rather than hypotension is associated with acute adverse kidney events after cardiac surgery: a retrospective cohort study. Br J Anaesth. 2022 May;128(5):785-795. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2022.01.032. Epub 2022 Mar 4.
• Lopez MG, Shotwell MS, Morse J, Liang Y, Wanderer JP, Absi TS, Balsara KR, Levack MM, Shah AS, Hernandez A, Billings FT 4th. Intraoperative venous congestion and acute kidney injury in cardiac surgery: an observational cohort study. Br J Anaesth. 2021 Mar;126(3):599-607. doi: 10.1016/j.bja.2020.12.028. Epub 2021 Feb 4.
• Correa-Gallego C, Berman A, Denis SC, Langdon-Embry L, O'Connor D, Arslan-Carlon V, Kingham TP, D'Angelica MI, Allen PJ, Fong Y, DeMatteo RP, Jarnagin WR, Melendez J, Fischer M. Renal function after low central venous pressure-assisted liver resection: assessment of 2116 cases. HPB (Oxford). 2015 Mar;17(3):258-64. doi: 10.1111/hpb.12347. Epub 2014 Nov 11.
• Liu TS, Shen QH, Zhou XY, Shen X, Lai L, Hou XM, Liu K. Application of controlled low central venous pressure during hepatectomy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Anesth. 2021 Dec;75:110467. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinane.2021.110467. Epub 2021 Aug 1.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Estimated): August 31, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 21, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 10, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): May 12, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 30, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 25, 2025
• Last Verified: October 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Acute Kidney Injury (AKI); Postoperative Cognitive Dysfunction (POCD); Controlled Low Central Venous Pressure (CLCVP); Central Venous Pressure (CVP)
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Urogenital Diseases; Male Urogenital Diseases; Kidney Diseases; Urologic Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases; Female Urogenital Diseases and Pregnancy Complications; Renal Insufficiency; Acute Kidney Injury
• Other Study ID Numbers: ClinicalTrials20230321

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No