- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT05936372
Effects of Acute Exercise on Motor Learning and Brain Activity in Children With DCD (ExLeBrainDCD)
Study Protocol to Examine the Effects of Acute Exercise on Motor Learning and Brain Activity in Children With Developmental Coordination Disorder (ExLe-Brain-DCD)
The aim of this study is to investigate the impact of an acute intense physical exercise bout on the learning ability of children with typical motor development (TD) and children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD). The effects will be studied during the learning and in the short- (1 hour), medium- (24 hours), and long-terms (7 days) after the initial learning. Participants will be divided into 4 groups: children with typical development who will exercise (EX-TD), children with developmental coordination disorder who will exercise (EX-DCD), children with typical development who will not exercise (CON-TD), and children with developmental coordination disorder who will not exercise (CON-DCD). Participants will be enrolled for 4 different sessions:
Session 1: First, participants will do a test to asses their cognitive ability and their height and weight will be measured. Then, participants will run a race test to assess their level of physical condition and to calculate high and moderate intensities of the exercise bout. The test will consist of running from one side to the other of a 20 m long track, while following the rhythm set by a sound.
Session 2: at least 48 hours after the first one, the participants will do an exercise bout running from side to side of a 20 m long track alternating high and moderate intensities during 13 min. The members of the control groups (CON-TD and CON-DCD) will not perform this exercise and, instead, will remain at rest for a time equivalent to the exercise of the other groups. On the other hand, participants will perform a learning task involving hand-eye coordination, in which participants will control the movements of a circle on a computer screen using a joystick. The objective of this task will be to move the circle to target points that will appear on the screen with the maximum accuracy and speed possible. Participants will be asked to practice this task for approximately 8 min. Then, after a 1-hour rest period, the participants will be asked to perform the learning task again (only 3.5 min) to check the level of retention of the initial learning. A headcap will be adjusted on the head of the participants during the motor task performance to measure the activity of the brain through infrared light.
Sessions 3 and 4: participants will complete two retention tests of the learning task (one in each session) 24 hours and 7 days after the second session, respectively. Participants will also wear the headcap for the brain activity measurements.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Enrollment (Estimated)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Contact
- Name: Albert Busquets Faciaben, PhD
- Phone Number: 213 +34934255445
- Email: albert.busquets@gencat.cat
Study Contact Backup
- Name: Blai Ferrer Uris, PhD
- Phone Number: 213 +34934255445
- Email: bferrer@gencat.cat
Study Locations
-
-
-
Barcelona, Spain, 08038
- Recruiting
- Escola Bosc de Montjuïc
-
Contact:
- Marta
- Phone Number: 934414224
- Email: a8003491@xtec.cat
-
Barcelona, Spain, 08038
- Recruiting
- Escola Ramon Casas
-
Contact:
- Nuria Buyreu
- Phone Number: 933315284
- Email: a8002976@xtec.cat
-
Barcelona, Spain, 08038
- Recruiting
- Escola Seat
-
Contact:
- Júlia Beltran Arellano
- Phone Number: 933329346
- Email: escolaseat@xtec.cat
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Child
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Movement assessment battery for children - second edition (MABC-2) score: developmental coordination disorder (DCD) group score <15% and typically developed (TD) group score >25%
- An average or better cognitive ability tested through the Test of Nonverbal Intelligence version 4 (TONI-4)
- A parent-report history to confirm that, according to the child's pediatrician, motor difficulties showed by their child cannot be explained by any other neurological, developmental, and/or severe psychosocial problem. Comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit disorder, and dyslexia will be acceptable in order to better represent the DCD population since data population-based studies suggest that almost 40% of the children with DCD have combined problems related to learning and/or attentional disorders.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Participant health status do not allow hem/her to participate in physical activities (Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire, PAR-Q)
- Other comorbidities than attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, attention deficit disorder, and/or dyslexia
- Reported neurological, developmental, and/or severe psychosocial problem that could explain the motor development problem
- Participant that takes medication that could affect results
- Uncorrected 20/20 vision
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: EX-TD
Typical developed children that perform acute exercise prior to the learning task
|
The acute intense aerobic exercise bout (iE) will consist of a 13-minute 20-meter shuttle run.
During this exercise bout two speeds, based on a percentage of the estimated maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), will be combined: a fast-paced speed (fast: 85% of VO2max) and a slow-paced speed (slow: 60% VO2max).
A total of 3 series of 3 min of the fast-paced speed will be carried interspersed with 2 series of 2 min of the slow-paced speed.
Prior to the iE start, a warm-up protocol consisting of 2 min slow and 1 min fast will be done with the objective to familiarize participants with the iE speeds.
A 5-minute rest period will be guaranteed before starting the iE.
Transition time between iE and the rotational visuomotor adaptation task (rVMA) will be 4 min.
|
No Intervention: CON-TD
Typical developed children that not perform acute exercise prior to the learning task
|
|
Experimental: EX-DCD
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) that perform acute exercise prior to the learning task
|
The acute intense aerobic exercise bout (iE) will consist of a 13-minute 20-meter shuttle run.
During this exercise bout two speeds, based on a percentage of the estimated maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), will be combined: a fast-paced speed (fast: 85% of VO2max) and a slow-paced speed (slow: 60% VO2max).
A total of 3 series of 3 min of the fast-paced speed will be carried interspersed with 2 series of 2 min of the slow-paced speed.
Prior to the iE start, a warm-up protocol consisting of 2 min slow and 1 min fast will be done with the objective to familiarize participants with the iE speeds.
A 5-minute rest period will be guaranteed before starting the iE.
Transition time between iE and the rotational visuomotor adaptation task (rVMA) will be 4 min.
|
No Intervention: CON-DCD
Children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) that not perform acute exercise prior to the learning task
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
initial directional error
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Initial directional error (IDE) will be calculated as the absolute angular difference between the ideal trajectory, a linear vector from the center to the target, and the early real trajectory, defined by the linear vector from the center to the cursor position at the time of 80 ms after movement onset.
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
root mean square error
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Root mean square error (RMSE) will be calculated to represent the straightness of the movement between the ideal trajectory and the real joystick trajectory.
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
initial rate of learning
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
The initial rate of learning (RL) will be computed as the first derivative of the first half of the function and evaluated at epoch 1 for both error variables initial directional error (RL-IDE) and root mean square error (RL-RMSE).
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
relative oxyhemoglobin concentration ([02Hb]) in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Neural activation of each cortical area will be expressed as a relative increase of oxyhemoglobin concentration ([02Hb]) measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
relative oxyhemoglobin concentration ([02Hb]) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Neural activation of each cortical area will be expressed as a relative increase of oxyhemoglobin concentration ([02Hb]) measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
relative deoxyhemoglobin concentration ([HHb]) in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Neural activation of each cortical area will be expressed as a relative decrease of deoxyhemoglobin concentration ([HHb]) measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
relative deoxyhemoglobin concentration ([HHb]) in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Neural activation of each cortical area will be expressed as a relative decrease of deoxyhemoglobin concentration ([HHb]) measured by functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS).
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
movement time
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Time spend moving the cursor from its initial position to its final position
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
travel distance
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Displacement of the cursor from its initial position to its final position
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
reaction time
Time Frame: 0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Reaction time will be defined as the time between target appearance and movement onset.
|
0, 1, and 24 hours, and 7 days
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Albert Busquets Faciaben, PhD, Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya
- Principal Investigator: Rosa M Angulo Barroso, PhD, Institut Nacional d'Educació Física de Catalunya
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Wilson PH, Ruddock S, Smits-Engelsman B, Polatajko H, Blank R. Understanding performance deficits in developmental coordination disorder: a meta-analysis of recent research. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2013 Mar;55(3):217-28. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2012.04436.x. Epub 2012 Oct 29.
- Preston N, Magallon S, Hill LJ, Andrews E, Ahern SM, Mon-Williams M. A systematic review of high quality randomized controlled trials investigating motor skill programmes for children with developmental coordination disorder. Clin Rehabil. 2017 Jul;31(7):857-870. doi: 10.1177/0269215516661014. Epub 2016 Aug 1.
- Smits-Engelsman B, Verbecque E. Pediatric care for children with developmental coordination disorder, can we do better? Biomed J. 2022 Apr;45(2):250-264. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.08.008. Epub 2021 Sep 2.
- Adams IL, Lust JM, Wilson PH, Steenbergen B. Compromised motor control in children with DCD: a deficit in the internal model?-A systematic review. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2014 Nov;47:225-44. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2014.08.011. Epub 2014 Sep 1.
- Fuster JM. Executive frontal functions. Exp Brain Res. 2000 Jul;133(1):66-70. doi: 10.1007/s002210000401.
- Fuster JM. The prefrontal cortex in the neurology clinic. Handb Clin Neurol. 2019;163:3-15. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-804281-6.00001-X.
- Goto K, Hoshi Y, Sata M, Kawahara M, Takahashi M, Murohashi H. Role of the prefrontal cortex in the cognitive control of reaching movements: near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Biomed Opt. 2011 Dec;16(12):127003. doi: 10.1117/1.3658757.
- Jueptner M, Stephan KM, Frith CD, Brooks DJ, Frackowiak RS, Passingham RE. Anatomy of motor learning. I. Frontal cortex and attention to action. J Neurophysiol. 1997 Mar;77(3):1313-24. doi: 10.1152/jn.1997.77.3.1313.
- Kumar N, Sidarta A, Smith C, Ostry DJ. Ventrolateral Prefrontal Cortex Contributes to Human Motor Learning. eNeuro. 2022 Sep 29;9(5):ENEURO.0269-22.2022. doi: 10.1523/ENEURO.0269-22.2022. Print 2022 Sep-Oct.
- Hampshire A, Duncan J, Owen AM. Selective tuning of the blood oxygenation level-dependent response during simple target detection dissociates human frontoparietal subregions. J Neurosci. 2007 Jun 6;27(23):6219-23. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0851-07.2007.
- Passingham RE, Toni I, Rushworth MF. Specialisation within the prefrontal cortex: the ventral prefrontal cortex and associative learning. Exp Brain Res. 2000 Jul;133(1):103-13. doi: 10.1007/s002210000405.
- Bunge SA, Kahn I, Wallis JD, Miller EK, Wagner AD. Neural circuits subserving the retrieval and maintenance of abstract rules. J Neurophysiol. 2003 Nov;90(5):3419-28. doi: 10.1152/jn.00910.2002. Epub 2003 Jul 16.
- Blank R, Smits-Engelsman B, Polatajko H, Wilson P; European Academy for Childhood Disability. European Academy for Childhood Disability (EACD): recommendations on the definition, diagnosis and intervention of developmental coordination disorder (long version). Dev Med Child Neurol. 2012 Jan;54(1):54-93. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2011.04171.x. No abstract available.
- Ferrer-Uris B, Busquets A, Angulo-Barroso R. Adaptation and Retention of a Perceptual-Motor Task in Children: Effects of a Single Bout of Intense Endurance Exercise. J Sport Exerc Psychol. 2018 Feb 1;40(1):1-9. doi: 10.1123/jsep.2017-0044. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
- Angulo-Barroso R, Ferrer-Uris B, Busquets A. Enhancing Children's Motor Memory Retention Through Acute Intense Exercise: Effects of Different Exercise Durations. Front Psychol. 2019 Aug 28;10:2000. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02000. eCollection 2019.
- Kagerer FA, Bo J, Contreras-Vidal JL, Clark JE. Visuomotor adaptation in children with developmental coordination disorder. Motor Control. 2004 Oct;8(4):450-60. doi: 10.1123/mcj.8.4.450.
- Kagerer FA, Contreras-Vidal JL, Bo J, Clark JE. Abrupt, but not gradual visuomotor distortion facilitates adaptation in children with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci. 2006 Oct;25(4-5):622-33. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2006.06.003. Epub 2006 Oct 2.
- King BR, Kagerer FA, Harring JR, Contreras-Vidal JL, Clark JE. Multisensory adaptation of spatial-to-motor transformations in children with developmental coordination disorder. Exp Brain Res. 2011 Jul;212(2):257-65. doi: 10.1007/s00221-011-2722-z. Epub 2011 May 17.
- Lundbye-Jensen J, Skriver K, Nielsen JB, Roig M. Acute Exercise Improves Motor Memory Consolidation in Preadolescent Children. Front Hum Neurosci. 2017 Apr 20;11:182. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00182. eCollection 2017.
- Smits-Engelsman BC, Wilson PH, Westenberg Y, Duysens J. Fine motor deficiencies in children with developmental coordination disorder and learning disabilities: an underlying open-loop control deficit. Hum Mov Sci. 2003 Nov;22(4-5):495-513. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2003.09.006.
- Wilmut K, Wann J. The use of predictive information is impaired in the actions of children and young adults with Developmental Coordination Disorder. Exp Brain Res. 2008 Dec;191(4):403-18. doi: 10.1007/s00221-008-1532-4. Epub 2008 Aug 16.
- Wilson PH, Maruff P, Lum J. Procedural learning in children with developmental coordination disorder. Hum Mov Sci. 2003 Nov;22(4-5):515-26. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2003.09.007.
- Zwicker JG, Missiuna C, Harris SR, Boyd LA. Developmental coordination disorder: a review and update. Eur J Paediatr Neurol. 2012 Nov;16(6):573-81. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2012.05.005. Epub 2012 Jun 15.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Estimated)
Study Completion (Estimated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- PID2020-120453RB-I00 (Other Grant/Funding Number: Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación de España)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
IPD Plan Description
Only after finishing the study and with the express authorization of the Department of Education of the Generalitat of Catalonia, the data processed and anonymized will be stored in a specialized repository for research purposes. The data in this repository will be placed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Comercial-Share Alike (CC BY-NC-SA) license. They will only be used for scientific purposes and after requesting permission from the authors and under the same conditions that we have established. The following data will not be made publicly available:
- Personal data and other data that can be tracked to participants identity.
- Data that compromises the protection of a partner(s) intellectual property.
- The level of data made available will also be considered, for example, pre-processed data will not be provided unless there is a clear reason for doing so.
- Datasets which cannot be shared because of legal and contractual reasons.
IPD Sharing Time Frame
IPD Sharing Access Criteria
Once processing, quality control, organisation, analysis, and publication are complete, the data will be made accessible by deposition in open access repositories (https://b2share.eudat.eu).
Members of the research team will form a data access committee. This committee will oversee that openly accessible data respect ethical and data security aspects, including intellectual property requirements. The possibilities of accessing the data in the specialized repository will always be decided in consultation with our collaborators and the Department of Education of the Generalitat de Catalunya.
IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type
- STUDY_PROTOCOL
- SAP
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
Clinical Trials on Developmental Coordination Disorder
-
Virginia Commonwealth UniversityCompletedMotor Coordination or Function; Developmental DisorderUnited States
-
Duquesne UniversityPennsylvania Department of HealthCompletedMotor Coordination or Function; Developmental DisorderUnited States
-
University Hospital, MontpellierNot yet recruitingDevelopmental Coordination DisorderFrance
-
Hospices Civils de LyonRecruitingNeurodevelopmental Disorders | Motor Skills DisordersFrance
-
University GhentCompletedDevelopmental Coordination DisorderBelgium
-
University of CalgaryCompleted
-
Université de SherbrookeCompletedDevelopmental Coordination DisorderCanada
-
Clalit Health ServicesTimocco LtdUnknownDevelopmental Coordination Disorder
-
University GhentRecruiting
-
The University of Hong KongNot yet recruitingDevelopmental Coordination DisorderHong Kong
Clinical Trials on Acute intense aerobic exercise
-
Gerhard Jan JungehuelsingGerman Federal Ministry of Education and ResearchTerminated
-
Hospital de Clinicas de Porto AlegreCompletedDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2 | Exercise | TreatmentBrazil
-
Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do SulRecruiting
-
Federal University of São PauloFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo; Associação Fundo de Incentivo...CompletedPeriodic Limb Movements in SleepBrazil
-
Aristotle University Of ThessalonikiCompleted
-
Riphah International UniversityCompleted
-
Sultan Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital...RecruitingPhysical InactivityTurkey
-
University of FloridaAmerican Psychological Foundation; Clinical & Translational Science Institute; American Psychological Association (APA)CompletedBrain ConcussionUnited States
-
Radboud University Medical CenterUniversity Hospital, Bonn; University of Dublin, Trinity College; German Sport... and other collaboratorsCompletedMild Cognitive ImpairmentNetherlands, Ireland, Germany
-
University of PittsburghNational Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)TerminatedChildhood ObesityUnited States