The Investigation of Vocal Behaviors in Children With ADHD

An Investigation of Vocal Hygiene, Vocal Behaviors, and Quality of Life Associated With Voice in Children With and Without Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

The aim is to gain information about vocal hygiene knowledge level, phonotrauma behavior frequency, voice-related quality of life, and voice handicap index scores in children diagnosed with ADHD aged 8 to 11, through inter-group comparisons of scale and questionnaire data between children diagnosed with ADHD and control group participants aged 8 to 11.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Voice; Voice Disorders in Children
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Scales and Forms

Detailed Description

The study will include children aged 8 to 11 with and without a diagnosis of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The study and control groups have been determined with age and gender matching.

Within the scope of the study, a comparison between groups will be conducted through the scores of the Vocal Hygiene Awareness form, Pediatric Phonotrauma Assessment Questions for Parents, Voice Related Quality of Life Survey, and the Teacher-Reported Pediatric Voice Handicap Index to examine whether there are any differences between the groups. The Vocal Hygiene Awareness form will be completed by the child. The Pediatric Phonotrauma Assessment Questions for Parents, Voice Related Quality of Life Survey, and the Pediatric Voice Handicap Index will be completed by the parents. The Teacher-Reported Pediatric Voice Handicap Index will be filled out by the child's teacher.

The number of participants to be included in the study has been calculated using G Power 3.1 program. Based on an analysis with a power of 0.80 and α (type 1 error) = 0.05 using an independent t-test, 42 participants for each group, totaling 84 participants, are planned to be included in the study. Data analysis will be carried out using IBM SPSS Statistics 23 program. Firstly, the normal distribution of ordinal variables will be tested. If the assumption of normality is met, parametric tests will be used; otherwise, non-parametric tests will be employed. A statistical significance value of p < 0.05 will be considered.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 50

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Esra Özcebe, Professor; Phone Number: (+90)2124400198; Email: eozcebe@gmail.com

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Ankara, Turkey
    • Hacettepe University, Speech and Language Therapy

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study group participants will be comprised of children aged 8 to 11 who have been diagnosed with ADHD in the Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry at Hacettepe University. Their inclusion in the study will be based on voluntary participation. For the control group, participants will be reached through the snowball sampling method, with age and gender matching, and their inclusion in the study will also be based on voluntary participation.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• For study group

  • Having been diagnosed with ADHD according to DSM-5 (The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition) diagnostic criteria
  • Being in the age range of 8-11
  • Having Turkish as the native language
  • To have a score below the cut-off score (<13) on the Turkish Pediatric Voice Handicap Index.

For the control group:

• Not having any psychiatric diagnosis
• Being in the age range of 8-11
• Having Turkish as the native language
• To have a score below the cut-off score (<13) on the Turkish Pediatric Voice Handicap Index.

Exclusion Criteria:

• For the research group;

  • Having any history of upper respiratory tract infection in the period up to two weeks before the data collection date (one of the questionnaire requests considering the last two-week period as a reference).
  • Having any known neurological, systemic, or endocrinological diseases affecting the voice.
  • Having undergone vocal surgery or received voice therapy.
  • Having a diagnosis of current hearing loss.
  • Having comorbid autism spectrum disorder, intellectual disability, language, and speech disorders.
  • The family or the child not wanting to participate in the study.

For the control group;

• Having any history of upper respiratory tract infection in the period up to two weeks before the data collection date.
• Having any known neurological, systemic, or endocrinological diseases affecting the voice.
• Having undergone vocal surgery or received voice therapy.
• Having a diagnosis of current hearing loss.
• Having a neurological or psychiatric diagnosis.
• Having a diagnosis of language and speech disorders.
• The family or the child not wanting to participate in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Study Group; The research group comprises children aged 8 to 11 diagnosed with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder.	Other: Scales and Forms; This study does not involve any interventions. Information will be collected from the study group and the control group through scales and forms.
Control Group; The control group consists of children aged 8 to 11 who do not have a diagnosis of ADHD, matched in terms of age and gender with the research group.	Other: Scales and Forms; This study does not involve any interventions. Information will be collected from the study group and the control group through scales and forms.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Inter-group Differences Associated with Phonotraumatic Behaviors	Scores Obtained from Pediatric Phonotrauma Assessment Questions for Parents	The process of collecting data from participants once takes approximately 30 minutes
Inter-group Differences Associated with Vocal Hygiene Knowledge	Scores Obtained from Questions on Vocal Hygiene Awareness	The process of collecting data from participants once takes approximately 30 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Inter-group Differences Associated with Voice Related Quality of Life Survey	Scores Obtained from the Voice Related Quality of Life Survey	The process of collecting data from participants once takes approximately 30 minutes
Inter-group Differences Associated with the Teacher-Reported Pediatric Voice Handicap Index	Scores Obtained from the Teacher-Reported Pediatric Voice Handicap Index	The process of collecting data from participants once takes approximately 30 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Hacettepe University
• Investigators: Study Director: Esra Özcebe, Professor, Istanbul University- Cerrahpaşa, Audiology Department; Study Chair: Fatma Esen Aydınlı, Assoc. Prof., Hacettepe University, Speech and Language Therapy Departmant; Study Chair: Özlem Beşik Topçu, SLP, Hacettepe University, Speech and Language Therapy; Study Chair: Meltem Çiğdem Kirazlı, Ph.D., Hacettepe University, Speech and Language Therapy; Study Chair: Nur Seda Saban Dülger, SLP, Hacettepe University, Speech and Language Therapy; Study Chair: Merve Öğülmüş Uysal, SLP, Hacettepe University, Speech and Language Therapy; Study Chair: Halime Tuna Çak Esen, Assos. Prof., Independent Researcher; Study Chair: Cihan Aslan, Dr., Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pediatric Mental Health And Diseases

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 31, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 30, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): December 30, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 30, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 7, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): September 11, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): January 11, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 10, 2024
• Last Verified: January 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: ADHD; voice disorders in children; attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder; vocal behaviors in children
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases; Laryngeal Diseases; Voice Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: HUSLP_ADHD_VOICE

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No