Phenotyping of the Out-of-proportion Pulmonary Hypertension

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pathophysiological disorder that may involve multiple clinical conditions and may be associated with a variety of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. The complexity of managing PH requires a multidisciplinary approach, with active involvement of patients with PH in partnership with clinicians.(1) All age groups are affected. Present estimates suggest a PH prevalence of 1% of the global population. Due to the presence of cardiac and pulmonary causes of PH, prevalence is higher in individuals aged 65 years. Globally, LHD is the leading cause of PH. Lung disease, especially chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is the second most common cause. In the UK, the observed PH prevalence has doubled in the last 10 years and is currently 125 cases/million inhabitants. (2) Pulmonary hypertension is defined by a mean pulmonary arterial pressure (mPAP) more than 20 mmHg at rest according to the 2022 ESC/ERS Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension . It is essential to include PVR and pulmonary arterial wedge pressure (PAWP) in the definition of pre-capillary PH, in order to discriminate elevated PAP due to pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) from that due to left heart disease (LHD), elevated pulmonary blood flow, or increased intrathoracic pressure.(3) Clinical classification of pulmonary hypertension includes GROUP 1 Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), GROUP 2 PH associated with left heart disease, GROUP 3 PH associated with lung diseases and/or hypoxia, GROUP 4 PH associated with pulmonary artery obstructions and GROUP 5 PH with unclear and/or multifactorial mechanisms. (3) Pulmonary hypertension is frequently observed in patients with COPD and/or emphysema, diffuse parenchymal lung diseases and hypoventilation syndromes. Pulmonary hypertension is uncommon in obstructive sleep apnoea unless other conditions coexist, such as COPD or daytime hypoventilation.

In patients with lung disease, PH is categorized as non-severe or severe, Whereas non-severe PH is common in advanced COPD and ILD defined by spirometric criteria, severe PH is uncommon, occurring in 1-5% of cases of COPD and ,10% of patients with advanced ILD, with limited data in obesity hypoventilation syndrome.(4) Pulmonary hypertension presenting in patients with lung disease may be due to a number of causes, including undiagnosed CTEPH or PAH. A number of distinct phenotypes of PH in patients with lung disease, including a pulmonary vascular phenotype, have been proposed. The pulmonary vascular phenotype is characterized by better preserved spirometry, low DLCO, hypoxaemia, a range of parenchymal involvement on lung imaging, and a circulatory limitation to exercise.(5) Cardiac comorbidities are also common in patients with lung disease and may contribute to increased risk for hospitalization, longer length of stay, pulmonary hypertension and CVD-related mortality.(6) A vast category of patients suffering from parenchymal lung diseases (often accompanied by minor pulmonary impairment on pulmonary function test and/or CT scan) with an unexplained severe degree of PH was brought to the attention of physicians. In these patients, the development of moderate to severe PH, which is disproportionate to the degree of parenchymal lung disease and hypoxia, has been termed "out-of-proportion" PH, and an arbitrary value of . 35 mm Hg mean pulmonary artery pressure has been selected to identify this category of patients.(7) and there is limited data about the Out-of proportion PH and it different phenotypes

Study Overview

• Status: Not yet recruiting
• Conditions: 1- Haemodynamic Phenotyping of the Out - of - Proportion PH to Guide Different Therapeutic Lines
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Right sided heart catheterization

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 30

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Mahmoud Badwy, specialist; Phone Number: 01030382070; Email: mah55667755@gmail.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Mahmoud Badwy, specialis; Phone Number: 01030382070; Email: mah55667755@gmail.com

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Assiut, Egypt
    • Mahmoud Badwy

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

All Patients presented with severe pulmonary hypertension (PASP > 70mmHg by echocardiographic assessment) (8) associated with chronic lung diseas will be included in the study

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• All Patients presented with severe pulmonary hypertension (PASP > 70mmHg by echocardiographic assessment) (8) associated with chronic lung diseas will be included in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• 1- Age under 18 years. 2- Severe PH proportional to the disease. 3- Hemodynamically unstable condition requiring inotropic or vasoactive drugs. 4- Severe chest wall deformity. 5- Pregnant women. 6- Right-sided endocarditis, right-sided tumor, or thrombus. 7- Severe coagulopathy or bleeding diathesis

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
1- Haemodynamic phenotyping of the out - of - proportion PH to guide different therapeutic lines	Identification of different phenotypes of severe pulmnary hypertension	2 yrs

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Assiut University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Estimated): October 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Estimated): September 1, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 1, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: September 18, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 18, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): September 22, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 22, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 18, 2023
• Last Verified: September 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases; Hypertension; Hypertension, Pulmonary
• Other Study ID Numbers: Assiut 3131

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No