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Mediterranean Diet, Weight Loss, and Cognition in Obese Older Adults

6 aprile 2021 aggiornato da: Dr. Fitzgibbon, University of Illinois at Chicago
The deleterious effects of obesity on cardiovascular disease (CVD) and metabolic risk factors (dyslipidemia, hypertension, and insulin resistance) are well-documented. Recent evidence also links obesity to cognitive decline and dementia. Dietary patterns are central to the development and maintenance of obesity and certain dietary patterns may contribute to the onset and progression of cognitive decline. With the rapid aging of the US population and the high prevalence of obesity among older adults, innovative lifestyle strategies to prevent cognitive decline among ethnically diverse obese older adults are critically needed.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Completato

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

Obesity is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, affecting as many as 80 million Americans. It is well-established that obesity contributes to a number of risk factors for metabolic abnormalities and cardiovascular diseases (CVD), including hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia. In addition, there is growing evidence that obesity is associated with cognitive deficits in multiple domains, even in otherwise healthy older adults. With the rapidly aging US population and the high prevalence of obesity among older adults, innovative strategies to prevent cognitive decline in this population are needed. Dietary patterns are central to the development and maintenance of obesity and evidence suggests that dietary factors also may affect cognition. Studies have shown that adherence to a Mediterranean Diet (MedDiet) is associated with less cognitive decline and reduced risk for dementia in older adults. Weight loss through caloric restriction also has been shown to improve cognitive function in obese adults. Both the MedDiet and weight loss are thought to improve cognition in obese individuals and reduce CVD/metabolic risk through beneficial changes in systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. The identification of effective lifestyle interventions for diet/weight management to improve cognition among obese older adults is a public health priority. However, no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have examined the effect of the MedDiet with and without caloric restriction, to promote weight loss on cognitive functioning in obese older adults. The investigators propose a three-arm RCT in which 180 obese (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 and < 50 kg/m²) older adults (55-80 years) will be randomized to: 1) an 8-month MedDiet Alone, without caloric restriction/weight loss (MedDiet-A); 2) an 8-month MedDiet lifestyle intervention with caloric restriction/weight loss (MedDiet-WL); or 3) an 8-month typical diet control (TDC) without caloric restriction/weight loss. The investigators will test the following hypotheses: 1) participants randomized to MedDiet-A and MedDiet-WL will achieve greater improvements in cognition compared to participants randomized to TDC; 2) participants randomized to MedDiet-WL will exhibit greater improvements in cognition compared to participants randomized to MedDiet-A; 3) participants randomized to MedDiet-A and MedDiet-WL will show greater improvements in CVD/metabolic risk factors, systemic inflammation, OxStress, and body weight/composition compared to participants in TDC; 4) participants randomized to MedDiet-WL will exhibit greater improvements in CVD/metabolic risk factors, systemic inflammation, OxStress, and body weight/composition compared to MedDiet-A; 5) improvements in CVD/metabolic risk factors, body composition, systemic inflammation, and OxStress will mediate the relationship between MedDiet and improved cognition. The investigators also will determine the extent to which changes in dietary habits, weight and cognitive functioning are maintained over a 6-month follow-up period.

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Effettivo)

180

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, Stati Uniti, 60608
        • University of Illinois at Chicago

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

Da 55 anni a 85 anni (Adulto, Adulto più anziano)

Accetta volontari sani

Sessi ammissibili allo studio

Tutto

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Men and women ≥ 55 years of age],
  • BMI 30.0-50.0 kg/m2,
  • English speaking
  • Have access to a phone
  • Plan to reside in the Chicago area for the following 14 months
  • Minimal levels of cognitive impairment as determined by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) < 19.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • The exclusion criteria ensure that participants can safely participate in the trial.
  • renal disease
  • autoimmune disorder
  • immunodeficiency
  • malabsorptive disorder
  • gastrointestinal and hepatic diseases
  • severe ischemic heart disease
  • severe pulmonary disease
  • bariatric surgery
  • alcohol abuse (> 50 grams/day) or illicit drug abuse
  • uncontrolled diabetes based on capillary hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 9.0%
  • schizophrenia or bipolar disorder
  • cancer treatment within the past 12 months
  • weight > 450 lbs. (due to the weight limitation of the DXA scanner)
  • diagnosed sleep apnea and regularly using a cpap machine
  • currently adhering to a MedDiet, Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) < 19,(161) -
  • currently on a weight-loss diet or actively involved in a formal weight loss program (e.g., Weight Watchers.)

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Altro
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Separare

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: MedDiet-WL
MedDiet-WL group, advice and exchange lists will be designed to promote a 1-2 lb. per week weight loss (approximately 30% caloric restriction or a reduction of about 600 calories per day) for an end goal of a 7% weight loss from baseline.

Research subjects will be randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups.

The MedDiet-A group will learn about and how to adhere to the Mediterranean Diet. Over the course of 8 months, they will receive twenty-two classes 60-minute in length.

The MedDiet-WL group will learn about the Mediterranean Diet, how to adhere to is and engage in lifestyle choices like exercising and eating fewer calories so that they will loose weight. Over the course of 8 months they will receive 22 classes, each 90 minutes in length.

The Typical Diet Control group will be asked to maintain current eating and activity patterns over the course of the 14 month study.

Sperimentale: MedDiet-A
For the MedDiet-A group, dietary advice and corresponding exchange lists will be given within the context of promoting weight stability.

Research subjects will be randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups.

The MedDiet-A group will learn about and how to adhere to the Mediterranean Diet. Over the course of 8 months, they will receive twenty-two classes 60-minute in length.

The MedDiet-WL group will learn about the Mediterranean Diet, how to adhere to is and engage in lifestyle choices like exercising and eating fewer calories so that they will loose weight. Over the course of 8 months they will receive 22 classes, each 90 minutes in length.

The Typical Diet Control group will be asked to maintain current eating and activity patterns over the course of the 14 month study.

Altro: Typical Diet Control (TDC)
Typical Diet Control (TDC) will maintain current eating and activity patterns and weight over 14 months.

Research subjects will be randomly assigned to one of three intervention groups.

The MedDiet-A group will learn about and how to adhere to the Mediterranean Diet. Over the course of 8 months, they will receive twenty-two classes 60-minute in length.

The MedDiet-WL group will learn about the Mediterranean Diet, how to adhere to is and engage in lifestyle choices like exercising and eating fewer calories so that they will loose weight. Over the course of 8 months they will receive 22 classes, each 90 minutes in length.

The Typical Diet Control group will be asked to maintain current eating and activity patterns over the course of the 14 month study.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Assessing change in Attention between time periods
Lasso di tempo: 14 months
Baseline, 8-month (first intervention), and 14-month assessments will include Digit Symbol test.
14 months
Assessing change in Executive Function between time periods
Lasso di tempo: 14 months
Baseline, 8-month (first intervention), and 14-month assessments will include the Trail Making Test Part B.
14 months
Assessing change in Memory between time periods
Lasso di tempo: 14 months
Baseline, 8-month (first intervention), and 14-month assessments will include tests of memory including the delayed free recall from the Hopkins Verbal Learning Test.
14 months

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Collaboratori

Investigatori

  • Investigatore principale: Marian Fitzgibbon, PhD, UIC

Pubblicazioni e link utili

La persona responsabile dell'inserimento delle informazioni sullo studio fornisce volontariamente queste pubblicazioni. Questi possono riguardare qualsiasi cosa relativa allo studio.

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

1 settembre 2016

Completamento primario (Effettivo)

1 gennaio 2021

Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)

1 aprile 2021

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

17 aprile 2017

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

24 aprile 2017

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

26 aprile 2017

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

8 aprile 2021

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

6 aprile 2021

Ultimo verificato

1 aprile 2021

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • 2016-0258

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

INDECISO

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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