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Comparative Effectiveness of Blood Flow Restriction With or Without Total Motion Release in ACL Rehabilitation (BFR-TMR-ACL)

9 maggio 2026 aggiornato da: Ali Muslim Raza, Green International University

Effects of Blood Flow Restriction With or Without Total Motion Release on Strength, Balance and Functional Disability in Postoperative ACL Injury

The aim of this clinical trial is to compare the effectiveness of combined Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) and Total Motion Release (TMR) versus BFR alone in the restoration of muscular strength, balance and knee functionality in men and women aged 16 to 45 years who have undergone primary unilateral ACL reconstruction.

The major research questions that it seeks to address are:

Does the addition of TMR to a BFR protocol lead to significantly higher improvements in absolute quadriceps strength and subjective knee functioning as measured by IKDC scores? Does the combined protocol lead to better functional balance and symmetry in terms of the Single Leg Stance (SLS) test and Limb Symmetry Index (LSI)? The researchers will compare the BFR + TMR group to the BFR-only group to determine whether the integrated approach speeds up functional recovery and alleviates neuromuscular control deficits more effectively than strength-focused training alone.

Participant TasksParticipants will: Undergo 3 sessions/week of supervised rehabilitation over a 6 month period. Complete Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training consisting of low-load exercises (mini squats and knee extensions) with an inflatable cuff placed around the proximal part of the thigh at 60-80% occlusion pressure. Should there be in the experimental group, Total Motion Release (TMR) exercises (e.g., trunk rotations and hip shifts) on the contralateral side (i.e. non-painful side) to correct movement asymmetries before the BFR training. Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months of complete subjective self-assessments (IKDC forms) and objective physical tests (dynamometer strength testing and single-leg balance tests).

Panoramica dello studio

Descrizione dettagliata

Evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) therapy as a single intervention against a combined protocol of Blood Flow Restriction and Total Motion Release (BFR+TMR) in men and women aged 16-45 who had undergone primary unilateral ACL reconstruction. The study aimed to address persistent deficits in quadriceps strength, neuromuscular control, and movement symmetry that often remain after standard rehabilitation.

The main questions it aimed to answer were:

Did the integration of TMR-a method focused on movement symmetry-into a BFR protocol lead to superior improvements in absolute quadriceps strength and subjective knee function as measured by IKDC scores? Did the combined BFR+TMR protocol result in significantly better functional balance and limb symmetry compared to BFR training alone? Researchers compared a BFR+TMR experimental group to a BFR-only control group. The primary objective was to see if the combined approach, which targeted both peripheral muscle capacity (via BFR) and central neuromotor control (via TMR), provided a more holistic and accelerated recovery than targeting muscular adaptations alone.

Complete a 6-month rehabilitation program consisting of supervised sessions three times per week.

Perform Blood Flow Restriction (BFR) training on the affected limb using an inflatable cuff at 60-80% occlusion pressure during low-load resistance exercises such as mini squats and knee extensions.

If assigned to the experimental group, perform Total Motion Release (TMR) exercises (including trunk rotations, side bending, and hip shifts) on the non-painful, contralateral side prior to the strengthening exercises.

Undergo periodic assessments including isometric strength testing with a dynamometer, the Single Leg Stance (SLS) test for balance, and the completion of the IKDC Subjective Knee Form.

Maintain a record of progress across four specific time points: baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months.

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Effettivo)

44

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

    • Punjab Province
      • Lahore, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 54000
        • Green International University

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Bambino
  • Adulto

Accetta volontari sani

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 16-45 years.
  • Both male and female patients.
  • Underwent primary unilateral ACL reconstruction (hamstring or patellar tendon autograft).
  • 2-4 weeks post-operative and cleared for supervised rehabilitation.
  • Willing and able to provide informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Revision ACL surgery or multi-ligament injury.
  • Concomitant fracture or meniscal repair requiring restricted rehab.
  • History of DVT, vascular disease, uncontrolled hypertension, or cardiovascular disease.
  • Neurological disorders affecting lower limb strength or balance.
  • Contraindications to BFR (pregnancy, clotting disorders).

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Triplicare

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: BFR + TMR Group
Describe the Blood Flow Restruction and the Total Motion Release exercises

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR): Use the exact same cuff and pressure settings as Group 1 so the comparison is fair.

The Exercises: List the specific movements (e.g., Straight Leg Raises, Quad sets, or Knee Extensions).

The Difference: State clearly: "This group receives standard BFR training and traditional physical therapy without any TMR protocols."

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR): Specify the cuff type (e.g., automated or manual), the width of the cuff, and the pressure used (e.g., 80% of Limb Occlusion Pressure).

Total Motion Release (TMR): Explain that you are using the "TMR protocol." Mention that you treat the "good" side or the "non-painful" side to influence the injured side.

The Dose: How many minutes? How many times per week? (e.g., 30-minute sessions, 3 times per week for 12 weeks).

The Difference: State clearly: "This group receives the TMR balancing protocol in addition to standard BFR training."

Comparatore attivo: BFR Only Group
Describe only the blood flow restriction part.

Blood Flow Restriction (BFR): Use the exact same cuff and pressure settings as Group 1 so the comparison is fair.

The Exercises: List the specific movements (e.g., Straight Leg Raises, Quad sets, or Knee Extensions).

The Difference: State clearly: "This group receives standard BFR training and traditional physical therapy without any TMR protocols."

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Maximum Isometric Lower Limb Strength
Lasso di tempo: Basaeline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months.
Maximum isometric force of the affected limb measured using a hand-held dynamometer. This assesses the recovery from muscle atrophy and the return of power during the rehabilitation period.
Basaeline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months.
Single Leg Stance (SLS) Test Time
Lasso di tempo: Basaeline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months.
The duration a participant can stand unassisted on the injured leg without moving or compensating. This test determines the regain of static balance and proprioception.
Basaeline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks and 6 months.
Total Score of International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Form
Lasso di tempo: Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months.
The IKDC Subjective Knee Form is a patient-reported outcome measure used to assess functional disability. It combines 18 items covering three domains: symptoms, physical activity, and knee function. All individual items are summed and transformed into a total score. A score of 100 indicates no limitation in activities of daily living or sports, while a score of 0 indicates maximum limitation. This measure provides a single aggregated value of the participant's self-reported functional status.
Baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months.

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

2 novembre 2025

Completamento primario (Effettivo)

21 aprile 2026

Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)

5 maggio 2026

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

5 maggio 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

9 maggio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

15 maggio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

15 maggio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

9 maggio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 maggio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

Descrizione del piano IPD

Only IDP used in the publication will be shared

Periodo di condivisione IPD

It will be availabe after the completion of the study

Criteri di accesso alla condivisione IPD

Through the corresponding author

Tipo di informazioni di supporto alla condivisione IPD

  • STUDIO_PROTOCOLLO
  • LINFA
  • ICF
  • RSI

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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