Phase I Rising-dose Study to Assess Tolerability, Safety, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics of AR09

Inclusion Criteria:

• Males/females between 18 to 50 years of age, inclusive;
• Body mass index 18 to 30 kg/m2, inclusive.
• All females must have a negative serum beta human chorionic gonadotropin test result at screening and a negative urine pregnancy test result at baseline. Female subjects must be either post-menopausal, surgically sterile or using an acceptable method of contraception. Acceptable surgical sterilization techniques are hysterectomy, bilateral tubal ligation with surgery at least 6 months prior to dosing and bilateral oophorectomy with surgery at least 2 months prior to dosing. Acceptable methods of contraception are an intrauterine device, contraceptive implant, oral contraceptive (stable dose of the same hormonal contraceptive product for at least 12 weeks prior to dosing), a vasectomized partner and a double-barrier method (condom + spermicide / diaphragm + spermicide).
• Willing and able to provide voluntary, written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute illness within 2 weeks prior to dosing;
• History of any chronic illness or evidence of significant organic or psychiatric disease on medical history or physical examination which, in the opinion of the Investigator would confound the study results or present a risk to the subject;
• History of any clinically significant pulmonary conditions, within the last 2 years requiring admission to the hospital;
• Spirometry forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio less than 70%;
• If female, pregnant or lactating;
• Clinically significant illness or abnormality on physical examination, or ECG, including measure of the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave in the heart's electrical cycle (QTc interval) >440 msec, on Screening or pre-dose 12-lead ECG;
• Resting heart rate while awake < 45 or > 90 b/m;
• Laboratory value(s) outside the laboratory reference range considered clinically significant (clinical chemistry, hematology, coagulation, ACTH, urinalysis, or pregnancy test).
• Presence of type I or type II diabetes;
• History of a severe allergic reaction to any drug or multiple food/drug allergies;
• Subjects with a formal diagnosis obstructive sleep apnea or having a score of >3 on the STOP-Bang questionnaire (see Appendix 4);
• Reported chronic (regular use for >1 month) use of medication of any kind (except contraceptives as described in the inclusion criteria), unless approved by the Sponsor;
• Reported use of any prescription drug within 14 days prior to dosing, any non-prescription drug or vitamin within 7 days prior to dosing, any known enzyme-inducer, enzyme-inhibitor, or other investigational drug within 30 days prior to dosing, or reported chronic exposure to enzyme-inducers such as paint solvents or pesticides within 30 days of dosing, unless approved by the Sponsor; hormonal contraceptive will be permitted if the subject has been using it for at least 12 weeks prior to dosing;
• History of alcohol or illicit drug abuse within the past two years, or current reported average alcohol intake > two alcoholic drinks per day (e.g., more than 24 oz. of beer, 10 oz. of wine, or 3 oz. of hard liquor);
• Regular use of tobacco or nicotine containing products within 1 year of study entry;
• Average consumption of ≥ 6 caffeine containing beverages per day;
• Consumption of alcohol within 72 hours prior to dosing, or a positive qualitative urine drug or cotinine screen, or positive oral screen for the presence of alcohol;
• Consumption of herbal supplements, grapefruit or grapefruit juice within 14 days before dosing;
• Blood donation of approximately 400 mL or more within 4 weeks or plasma donation within 2 weeks prior to dosing;
• Received an investigational product within 30 days of first dose in this study.