Insul-In This Together Program for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents (IITT)

April 28, 2025 updated by: Korey Hood, Stanford University

Insul-In This Together Program: Optimizing Family-based Interventions for Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Parents

The "Insul-In This Together" intervention is designed for teens with Type 1 Diabetes and their parents. This study seeks to evaluate an evidence-based family intervention for teens with type 1 diabetes and their parents to offset the psychosocial and diabetes self-management risks. This information will provide a more in-depth understanding of family-based program efficacy for teens with adolescents and provide more judicious and streamlined intervention options to be offered in diabetes clinics in the future.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This study will collect survey and biomedical data to assess this program in a randomized controlled trial with 165 families (including an adolescent and parent/caregiver) will be enrolled, complete surveys, provide biomedical data via continuous glucose monitors and receive a 6-week psychosocial intervention. The results of this study will inform future intervention redesign to provide more judicious interventions to be disseminated across diabetes care.This study will evaluate the relative efficacy of each of the individual intervention components and also identify the mechanisms of actions (mediators) that are most impacted by these types of interventions as well as most linked to long-term outcomes for adolescents.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
366

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

  • United States
    • California
      • Stanford, California, United States, 94305
        • Stanford University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

8 years and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Teen subject has a type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis according to ADA criteria for at least 6 months
  2. Teen subject is age 12-19 years at time of screening (no age limit for parent participants)
  3. Participation of at least one cohabitating parent/caregiver.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Subject lacks access to a smartphone or Wi-Fi via computer
  2. Subject has restricted or no English proficiency
  3. Subject has a pervasive developmental, cognitive, or psychiatric limitations that compromise participation in study

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Intervention Group
The intervention group will participated in the The Insul-In This Together intervention, which consists of 6 weekly 30-minute online family sessions to discuss topics related to diabetes distress and parent-teen communication. Sessions include structured education, discussions, and skill-building activities related to parental involvement, parental monitoring, and parent-adolescent conflict. The intervention will be conducted by the PI or clinically trained research staff via Zoom. Online surveys, and glucose monitoring data will be captured at baseline and 3,6 and 12-month follow-ups. Brief surveys will also be conducted at 2-, 4-, and 6-week follow-ups (after every 2 sessions for the intervention group and later the control group). Participants will be asked to provide A1C test results that will be collected via chart review or from participants sharing their test results at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up.
Behavioral: Insul-In This Together
Session 1: Introduction to Parental Monitoring Session 2: Advanced Parental Monitoring Session 3: Introduction to Parental Involvement Session 4: Advanced Parental Involvement Session 5: Introduction to Parent-Teen Conflict Management Session 6: Advanced Parent-Teen Conflict Management
Experimental: Waitlisted Control Group
The waitlisted control group will receive the same intervention as the intervention group, but at the 6-month follow-up mark. The intervention will be conducted by the PI or clinically trained research staff via Zoom. Online surveys, and glucose monitoring data will be captured at baseline and 3,6 and 12-month follow-ups. Brief surveys will also be conducted at 2-, 4-, and 6-week from baseline. Participants will be asked to provide A1C test results that will be collected via chart review or from participants sharing their test results at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month follow-up.
Behavioral: Insul-In This Together
Session 1: Introduction to Parental Monitoring Session 2: Advanced Parental Monitoring Session 3: Introduction to Parental Involvement Session 4: Advanced Parental Involvement Session 5: Introduction to Parent-Teen Conflict Management Session 6: Advanced Parent-Teen Conflict Management

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Glucose Levels Percent Time in Target Range Based on Glucose Monitoring
Time Frame: Average percent time in range based on two weeks of glucose monitoring data at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up (plus or minus 2 weeks around target data collection date)
Adolescent glucose levels percent time in target range (70-180 mg/dL) based on glucose monitoring to measure glycemic control. The clinical recommendation is a percent time-in-range of 70% or more.
Average percent time in range based on two weeks of glucose monitoring data at baseline, 3-month, and 6-month follow-up (plus or minus 2 weeks around target data collection date)
Adolescent Quality of Life
Time Frame: Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.
Self-report via Type 1 Diabetes and Life (T1DAL) surveys for adolescents to measure the adolescent's quality of life. Possible score range is 0-100 and the higher scores indicated better quality of life. Adolescent quality of life was measured for adolescents only (not parents).
Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Adolescent Depression
Time Frame: Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.
Surveys of self-report via Children's Depression Inventory - short version (CDI:S80), a 10 scale item, will be used to assess adolescent depression. Possible total score range is 0-20 with higher scores indicated more severe depressive symptoms. Item response options included 0 = Not at all, 1 = Somewhat, and 2 = A lot. Total score was the sum of all item scores.
Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.
Parent Depression
Time Frame: Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.
Surveys of self-report via the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) - 8 item scale to assess depression among parents. Response options for each item included 0 = not at all, 1 = several days, 2 = more than half the days, and 3 = nearly every day. Items were summed into a total score. The possible total score range is 0-24 and higher scores indicate more depressive symptoms.
Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.
Adolescent Diabetes Distress
Time Frame: Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up
Measured by the Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) survey of diabetes distress, which includes 14 items that were summed to create a total score with a possible total score range of 14-84. Item response options range from 1 (not a problem) to 6 (serious problem). Higher scores indicate more diabetes distress.
Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up
Parent Diabetes Distress
Time Frame: Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.
Measured by the Problem Areas In Diabetes (PAID) survey of diabetes distress, which includes 15 items that were summed into a total score with a possible total score range of 15-90. Higher scores indicate more diabetes distress. Response options ranged from 1 (not a problem) to 6 (serious problem).
Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up.
Parenting Stress
Time Frame: Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up
Surveys of self-report on parenting stress via The Parenting Stress Scale. Includes 18 items that were summed into a total score with a possible total score range from 18-90. Higher scores indicate more parenting stress. Item responses included 1 = strongly agree, 2 = agree, 3 = not sure, 4 = disagree, and 5 = strongly disagree.
Baseline, 3-month follow-up, and 6-month follow-up
Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)
Time Frame: Baseline and 6-month follow-up
Medical record data on glycated hemoglobin in blood reported as National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program (NGSP) percentage. The clinical recommendation for pediatrics is below 7.5%.
Baseline and 6-month follow-up

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Stanford University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Korey K Hood, PhD, Stanford University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
December 18, 2020

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 6, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 6, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
October 1, 2020

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 12, 2020

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
October 19, 2020

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 15, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 28, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 58372
  • 1K23DK121771-01A1 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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