The Effects of Vitamin D and Bone Loss in Parkinson's Disease (PDVD3)

Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation in Parkinson's Disease Patients - A Pilot Study

Health care burdens from neurodegenerative diseases are expected to increase disproportionately. Increasing age also predisposes this same population to other chronic diseases including osteoporosis, a progressive systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass, which leads to an increase susceptibility to fractures. In the United States, 44 million people are estimated to be at risk for osteoporosis and low bone mass emphasizing the enormity of this public health problem.

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting about 1 million people. Evidence indicates that Parkinson's disease patients are at a higher risk for low bone mineral density, which can contribute to increased fractures compared to healthy subjects. In fact, several risk factors of osteoporosis in patients with PD have been identified, including advanced stages of PD, low body mass index, inadequate sunlight exposure and decreased vitamin D levels. Some or all of these factors in conjunction with decreased immobilization that may occur with PD, put patients at increased risks for fractures. Few studies however have examined bone markers in PD patients. Even fewer studies have examined the impact of Vitamin D supplementation on bone metabolism and mineralization in PD patients.

Vitamin D is an essential component in bone health, promoting calcium absorption in the gut and maintaining adequate serum calcium and phosphate concentrations, which enable normal mineralization of bone.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Parkinson Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Placebo; Dietary supplement: Vitamin D3

Detailed Description

Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease affecting approximately 1% of the population older than 50 years. There is a worldwide increase in disease prevalence due to the increasing age of human populations. The disease is characterized by tremor, stiffness of the limbs and trunk, impaired balance and coordination, and slowing of movements, leading to immobility and frequent falls. Patients also sometimes develop other symptoms, including difficulty swallowing, disturbed sleep, and emotional problems. Parkinson's disease results from the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. The cause and mechanism of continued neuron cell death in the substantia nigra is currently unknown.

Epidemiological studies suggest an association between Parkinson's disease and osteoporosis, vitamin D inadequacy and altered bone and mineral metabolism. Accumulating evidence indicates that patients with Parkinson's disease are at a higher risk for fractures compared to healthy subjects. This could be attributed to several contributing factors including increased rate of falls, vitamin D deficiency, reduced body mass index and reduced bone mineral density.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 23
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Pennsylvania
    • Johnstown, Pennsylvania, United States, 15904
      • Conemaugh Health System - John P Murtha Neuroscience and Pain Institute

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 16 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subject must be >18 yrs of age
• Subject must have a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (Hoehn and Yahr stages I-III), confirmed by the study physician designated to complete patient staging
• Subject must sign the informed consent documentation according to MMC's IRB guidelines
• Subject must be willing and able to complete all study requirements at the designated time intervals
• Subject must agree to be randomized
• If subject has been taking a separate Vitamin D supplement other than a multivitamin within the last 6 months, the subject must be willing to discontinue Vitamin D supplement for 3 months before entering the study
• Subject must have a vitamin D level greater than 10 ng/mL
• Subjects must have a serum calcium level within the range of 8.4-10 mg/dl.
• Females subjects of child bearing potential must have a negative urine pregnancy test or have undergone a sterilization procedure

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects < 18 years old
• Parkinson's disease patients with Hoehn and Yahr stages IV-V.
• Subjects not willing and able to complete all study requirements at the designated time intervals
• Subjects who do not agree to be randomized
• Subjects receiving treatment with bisphosphonates (more that 3 months), parathyroid hormones (PTH) or PTH derivatives, e.g. Teriparatide or Fluoride, in the last 6 months.
• Subjects with an allergy to the investigational product.
• Subjects who have a vitamin D level less than 10 ng/mL
• Subjects who do not have a serum calcium level within the range of 8.4-10 mg/dl.
• Subjects who are pregnant, verified by a urine pregnancy test*

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Placebo	Other: Placebo; Placebo
Experimental: Vitamin D3 supplementation; 1000 IU/day of Vitamin D3	Dietary supplement: Vitamin D3; Vitamin D3; Other Names: Vitamin D; Vit D; Vit D3

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Direct changes in bone formation and resorption will be investigated by measuring serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level,serum parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels, serum osteocalcin, and serum n-telopeptides (N-Tx)	12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Serum clacium will be measured to monitor for hypercalcemia.	12 months
Using the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) to assess the impact of vitamin D supplementation on PD symptoms	12 months
Using the Parkinson's Quality of Life measure (PD QoL) to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on quality of life	12 months
Conducting a brief falls assessment to track the incidence of falls throughout the duration of the study	12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Memorial Medical Center
• Collaborators: United States Department of Defense
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Sharon Plank, MD, Conemaugh Health System; Principal Investigator: Prema Rapuri, PhD, Conemaugh Health System

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: September 1, 2009
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 1, 2013
• Study Completion (Actual): January 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 22, 2009
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 22, 2009
• First Posted (Estimate): May 25, 2009

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): July 12, 2013
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 11, 2013
• Last Verified: July 1, 2013

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Parkinson's Disease; Parkinson Disease; PD; Movement Disorder
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Parkinsonian Disorders; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Movement Disorders; Synucleinopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Parkinson Disease; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Micronutrients; Bone Density Conservation Agents; Calcium-Regulating Hormones and Agents; Vitamin D; Cholecalciferol; Vitamins; Ergocalciferols
• Other Study ID Numbers: MMC 08-30