Busulfan, Melphalan, Fludarabine and T-Cell Depleted Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Followed by Post Transplantation Donor Lymphocyte Infusions

November 4, 2021 updated by: Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

A Trial of Busulfan, Melphalan, Fludarabine and T-Cell Depleted Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Followed by Post Transplantation Donor Lymphocyte Infusions for Patients With Relapsed or High-Risk Multiple Myeloma

The patients are being offered a stem cell transplant. Stem cells are very early blood cells. They have not yet matured to become red or white blood cells or platelets. They have already received the standard treatment of chemotherapy and an autologous stem cell transplant. An autologous stem cell transplant is when the patient receives their infusion of their own cells. Thi will give the patient a better chance of curing the disease, this protocol includes an infusion of stem cells from the blood (or the bone marrow) of another person. This is called an allogeneic stem cell transplant. The stem cells will begin to grow in the bone marrow and produce new blood cells.

Allogeneic stem cell transplants can cause a condition called graft-versus-host disease or GVHD. In GVHD, a kind of white blood cell from the donor (graft) begins to attack the body (host). That blood cell is called a T-cell. It is a cell that normally helps to protects against things like bacteria and viruses. In this case, the donor's T-cells see the body as foreign in the same way they would see bacteria as foreign. GVHD can be fatal. In order to lower the chance that the patient will get GVHD this protocol treatment will remove the T-cells from the donor's cells. This is called T-cell depletion. The T cells are removed by a system called "Clinimacs". This method is still being evaluated through clinical trials and not been approved by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) at this time.

Before the transplant, the physician will treat the bone marrow to get rid of the cancer. The physician uses three chemotherapy drugs plus ATG. The chemotherapy drugs (Busulfan, Melphalan and Fludarabine) kills the cancer. ATG gets rid of any of the patients T cells that survive the chemotherapy. This ensures that the donor stem cells are not rejected. The patient will also receive additional white blood cells called lymphocytes from the donor. This is called a donor lymphocyte infusion or DLI. These additional infusions will help cause a graft-versus-myeloma effect and can help the donor stem cells grow.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

66

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • New York
      • New York, New York, United States, 10065
        • Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

21 years to 72 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patient must have multiple myeloma that has either relapsed or has high risk cytogenetics.
  • Patients with relapsed multiple myeloma following autologous stem cell transplantation must have achieved at least partial response following additional chemotherapy (cohort 1):
  • Patients are eligible if relapse occurs with complex/high-risk cytogenetics or occurs with normal cytogenetics but within 15 months following the autologous transplant.

  • Patients with high risk cytogenetics at diagnosis must have achieved at least very good partial response following autologous stem cell transplantation (cohort 2):

    • Patients must have complex karyotype, 1q25, del17p, t4;14 and/or t14;16 by FISH and/or del13 by karyotyping.

DONOR: Patients must have a healthy HLA matched or mismatched related or unrelated donor who is willing to receive G-CSF injections and undergo apheresis for PBSC collection, or undergo a marrow harvesting procedure.

  1. HLA-matched related and unrelated donors Patients who have an HLA-matched related or unrelated donor are eligible for entry on this protocol. This will include a healthy donor who is genotypically matched at all A, B, C, DRB1 and DQB1 locus, loci, as tested by DNA analysis.
  2. HLA- mismatched related and unrelated donors Patients who do not have an HLA-matched donor but have a related or unrelated donor who have one antigen or one allele mismatch at the HLA A, B, C, DRB1 or DQB1 loci; or who have two mismatches, at HLA-DQB1 and at one other locus, will be eligible for entry on this protocol.

The following inclusion criteria are also required:

  • Patients should be ≥ 21, < 73 years old.
  • Patients may be of either gender or any ethnic background.
  • Patients must have a Karnofsky (adult) or Performance Status ≥ 70%
  • Patients must have adequate organ function measured by:

Cardiac: asymptomatic or if symptomatic then LVEF at rest must be ≥ 50% and must improve with exercise. Hepatic: < 3x ULN ALT and ≤ 1.5 total serum bilirubin, unless there is congenital benign hyperbilirubinemia.

Renal: serum creatinine <1.2 mg/dl or if serum creatinine is outside the normal range, then CrCl > 40 ml/min (measured or calculated/estimated) with dose adjustment of Fludarabine for <70ml/min.

Pulmonary: asymptomatic or if symptomatic, DLCO > 50% of predicted (corrected for hemoglobin)

  • Each patient must be willing to participate as a research subject and must sign an informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients achieving < Partial Response following preceding chemotherapy (cohort 1) or < Very Good Partial Response following autologous stem cell transplantation (cohort 2).
  • Patients with Plasma Cell Leukemia.
  • Female patients who are pregnant or breast-feeding
  • Active viral, bacterial or fungal infection
  • Patient seropositive for HIV-I/II; HTLV -I/II
  • Patients who have undergone prior allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
  • Patients who have had a previous malignancy that is not in remission.
  • Patients with known hypersensitivity to mouse proteins (murine antibodies in ISOLEX) if receiving SBA-E- bone marrow, or chicken egg products.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: relapsed multiple myeloma
This is a two arm phase II trial to assess the progression-free and overall survival as well as the safety and efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using a preparative regimen with busulfan, melphalan, fludarabine, and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), and a T cell depleted stem cell transplant from a histocompatible related or unrelated donor in patients with relapsed or high-risk multiple myeloma.
Drug: busulfan, melphalan and fludarabine
Patients will be cytoreduced with IV busulfan, melphalan and fludarabine. Busulfan will be administered at a dose of 0.8mg/Kg q6hrs for 10 doses on days -9, -8, -7. Doses for busulfan should be adjusted according to pharmacokinetic studies. Melphalan will be administered at a dose of 70 mg/m2/day for 2 days on days -7, -6. Fludarabine will be administered at a dose of 25 mg/m2/day for 5 days on days -6, -5, -4, -3, -2. Patients will also receive rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) to prevent immune mediated graft rejection. The ATG will be administered at a dose of 2.5 mg/Kg/day IV on days -3 and -2. Doses for busulfan, melphalan and ATG should be adjusted if patient is > 125% ideal body weight and should be calculated on adjusted ideal body weight.
Other Names:
  • Doses of fludarabine should be reduced to 80% of dose for measured creatinine
  • clearance of 40-70ml/min. Day - 1 will be a day of rest before receiving the
  • T-cell depleted stem cell product on day 0. The preferred stem cell product
  • source. Patients will receive post-transplant G-CSF starting on day +7.
  • will be peripheral blood stem cells but if the donor is unable or unwilling
  • to donate peripheral blood stem cells, bone marrow will be used as the stem cell
Experimental: high-risk multiple myeloma
This is a two arm phase II trial to assess the progression-free and overall survival as well as the safety and efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation using a preparative regimen with busulfan, melphalan, fludarabine, and anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG), and a T cell depleted stem cell transplant from a histocompatible related or unrelated donor in patients with relapsed or high-risk multiple myeloma.
Drug: busulfan, melphalan and fludarabine
Patients will be cytoreduced with IV busulfan, melphalan and fludarabine. Busulfan will be administered at a dose of 0.8mg/Kg q6hrs for 10 doses on days -9, -8, -7. Doses for busulfan should be adjusted according to pharmacokinetic studies. Melphalan will be administered at a dose of 70 mg/m2/day for 2 days on days -7, -6. Fludarabine will be administered at a dose of 25 mg/m2/day for 5 days on days -6, -5, -4, -3, -2. Patients will also receive rabbit anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) to prevent immune mediated graft rejection. The ATG will be administered at a dose of 2.5 mg/Kg/day IV on days -3 and -2. Doses for busulfan, melphalan and ATG should be adjusted if patient is > 125% ideal body weight and should be calculated on adjusted ideal body weight.
Other Names:
  • Doses of fludarabine should be reduced to 80% of dose for measured creatinine
  • clearance of 40-70ml/min. Day - 1 will be a day of rest before receiving the
  • T-cell depleted stem cell product on day 0. The preferred stem cell product
  • source. Patients will receive post-transplant G-CSF starting on day +7.
  • will be peripheral blood stem cells but if the donor is unable or unwilling
  • to donate peripheral blood stem cells, bone marrow will be used as the stem cell

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Proportion of Participants With Relapsed Multiple Myeloma With Progression-free (PFS)
Time Frame: 2 years
2 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Proportion of Participants With Relapsed Multiple Myeloma Alive at 2 Years
Time Frame: 2 years
2 years
Number of Participants Who Relapse That Are Restored to Remission (CR)
Time Frame: 3 years
To compute the current multiple myeloma free survival curve in order to account for patients who relapse and are restored to remission through DLI.
3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

Collaborators

Otsuka America Pharmaceutical
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 1, 2010

Primary Completion (Actual)

May 15, 2020

Study Completion (Actual)

May 15, 2020

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 25, 2010

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 25, 2010

First Posted (Estimate)

May 26, 2010

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

December 2, 2021

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 4, 2021

Last Verified

June 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 10-051 (OTHER: Fox Chase Cancer Center)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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