Study of Regorafenib After Sorafenib in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma (RESORCE)

A Randomized, Double Blind, Placebo Controlled, Multicenter Phase III Study of Regorafenib in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) After Sorafenib

The objective of this study was to evaluate efficacy and safety of regorafenib in patients with advanced liver cancer who had progressed after sorafenib treatment. Patients were treated with regorafenib or placebo using a 2:1 randomization scheme.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Regorafenib (Stivarga, BAY73-4506); Drug: Placebo

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 573
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Argentina
  • Buenos Aires
    • Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina, B1629ODT
• Australia
  • Box Hill, Australia, 3128
  • New South Wales
    • Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia, 2050
    • Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia, 2170
  • Queensland
    • Herston, Queensland, Australia, 4029
  • Victoria
    • Clayton, Victoria, Australia, 3168
• Austria
  • Wien, Austria, 1090
  • Oberösterreich
    • Linz, Oberösterreich, Austria, 4020
  • Steiermark
    • Graz, Steiermark, Austria, 8036
• Belgium
  • Bruxelles - Brussel, Belgium, 1090
  • La Louviere, Belgium, 7100
• Brazil
  • Sao Paulo, Brazil, 05403-000
  • Bahia
    • Salvador, Bahia, Brazil, 41950-610
• China
  • Beijing, China, 100142
  • Beijing, China, 100071
  • Beijing, China, 100039
  • Beijing, China, 100069
  • Chongqing, China, 400038
  • Shanghai, China, 200032
  • Shanghai, China, 200001
  • Shanghai, China, 201805
  • Tianjin, China, 300060
  • Anhui
    • Hefei, Anhui, China, 230022
  • Fujian
    • Fuzhou, Fujian, China, 350025
  • Guangdong
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510080
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510060
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510515
  • Guangxi
    • Nanning, Guangxi, China, 530021
  • Heilongjiang
    • Harbin, Heilongjiang, China, 150081
  • Hubei
    • Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430030
  • Hunan
    • Changsha, Hunan, China, 410013
  • Jiangsu
    • Nanjing, Jiangsu, China, 210002
    • Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, 215006
  • Liaoning
    • Dalian, Liaoning, China, 116011
  • Shaanxi
    • Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710032
    • Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710061
    • Xi'an, Shaanxi, China, 710038
  • Sichuan
    • Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
• Czechia
  • Hradec Kralove, Czechia, 500 05
  • Olomouc, Czechia, 775 20
  • Praha 2, Czechia, 128 08
• France
  • Angers, France, 49100
  • Caen, France, F-14033
  • Clichy, France, 92110
  • Creteil, France, 94010
  • Dijon, France, 21000
  • La Tronche, France, 38700
  • Lille, France, 59037
  • Lyon, France, 69004
  • Marseille, France, 13005
  • Montpellier Cedex, France, 34295
  • Nice Cedex 3, France, 06202
  • Paris, France, 75651
  • Paris, France, 75020
  • Perpignan, France, 66000
  • Reims Cedex, France, 51092
  • Rennes Cedex, France, 35062
  • Toulouse, France, 31059
  • Vandoeuvre les Nancy, France, 54500
  • Villejuif Cedex, France, 94805
• Germany
  • Berlin, Germany, 13353
  • Hamburg, Germany, 20246
  • Baden-Württemberg
    • Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany, 69120
  • Bayern
    • München, Bayern, Germany, 81377
  • Hessen
    • Frankfurt, Hessen, Germany, 60590
  • Niedersachsen
    • Hannover, Niedersachsen, Germany, 30625
  • Nordrhein-Westfalen
    • Aachen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, 52074
    • Essen, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, 45136
    • Köln, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany, 50937
  • Rheinland-Pfalz
    • Mainz, Rheinland-Pfalz, Germany, 55131
  • Sachsen-Anhalt
    • Magdeburg, Sachsen-Anhalt, Germany, 39120
• Hungary
  • Budapest, Hungary, 1097
  • Debrecen, Hungary, 4032
  • Kaposvar, Hungary, 7400
• Italy
  • Campania
    • Napoli, Campania, Italy, 80131
  • Emilia-Romagna
    • Bologna, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, 40138
    • Modena, Emilia-Romagna, Italy, 41124
  • Lazio
    • Roma, Lazio, Italy, 00168
  • Liguria
    • Genova, Liguria, Italy, 16132
  • Lombardia
    • Bergamo, Lombardia, Italy, 24127
    • Milano, Lombardia, Italy, 20089
    • Milano, Lombardia, Italy, 20122
  • Piemonte
    • Novara, Piemonte, Italy, 28100
    • Torino, Piemonte, Italy, 10126
  • Puglia
    • Foggia, Puglia, Italy, 71013
  • Sardegna
    • Cagliari, Sardegna, Italy, 09134
  • Toscana
    • Pisa, Toscana, Italy, 56126
  • Veneto
    • Padova, Veneto, Italy, 35128
• Japan
  • Chiba
    • Chiba-shi, Chiba, Japan, 260-8677
    • Kashiwa-shi, Chiba, Japan, 277-8577
  • Fukuoka
    • Fukuoka-shi, Fukuoka, Japan, 810-8563
    • Iizuka-shi, Fukuoka, Japan, 820-8505
  • Kanagawa
    • Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan, 232-0024
  • Kumamoto
    • Kumamoto-shi, Kumamoto, Japan, 860-8556
  • Osaka
    • Osaka-shi, Osaka, Japan, 541-8567
    • Osakasayama-shi, Osaka, Japan, 589-8511
  • Tochigi
    • Utsunomiya-shi, Tochigi, Japan, 321-0974
  • Tokyo
    • Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 101-0062
    • Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 104-0045
    • Musashino-shi, Tokyo, Japan, 180-8610
• Korea, Republic of
  • Daegu, Korea, Republic of, 700-721
  • Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 110-744
  • Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 06351
  • Busan Gwang''yeogsi
    • Busan, Busan Gwang''yeogsi, Korea, Republic of, 49241
• Netherlands
  • Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1105 AZ
  • Leiden, Netherlands, 2333 ZA
• Russian Federation
  • Barnaul, Russian Federation, 656045
  • Moscow, Russian Federation
  • Moscow, Russian Federation, 119991
• Singapore
  • Singapore, Singapore, 119228
• Spain
  • Alicante, Spain, 03010
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08036
  • Barcelona, Spain, 08035
  • Córdoba, Spain, 14004
  • Madrid, Spain, 28041
  • Madrid, Spain, 28007
  • Madrid, Spain, 28050
  • Zaragoza, Spain, 50009
  • Asturias
    • Oviedo, Asturias, Spain, 33011
• Switzerland
  • Bern, Switzerland, 3010
  • Ticino
    • Bellinzona, Ticino, Switzerland, 6500
• Taiwan
  • Taipei, Taiwan, 11217
  • Taipei, Taiwan, 10016
  • Taoyuan, Taiwan, 333
  • Kaohsiung
    • Kaohsiung City, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, 83301
• United Kingdom
  • Bristol, United Kingdom, BS2 8ED
  • London, United Kingdom, SE5 9RS
  • London, United Kingdom, W12 0HS
  • West Midlands
    • Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom, B15 2WB
  • West Yorkshire
    • Leeds, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom, LS9 7TF
• United States
  • California
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90048
    • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90095
    • Orange, California, United States, 92868-3201
  • Colorado
    • Aurora, Colorado, United States, 80045
  • District of Columbia
    • Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20007-2197
  • Florida
    • Gainesville, Florida, United States, 32610-0286
    • Tampa, Florida, United States, 33606
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60637
  • Kentucky
    • Louisville, Kentucky, United States, 40202
  • Massachusetts
    • Worcester, Massachusetts, United States, 01655
  • Minnesota
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55455
  • Missouri
    • Saint Louis, Missouri, United States, 63110
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10029
    • Rochester, New York, United States, 14642
  • Pennsylvania
    • Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States, 15232
  • Virginia
    • Richmond, Virginia, United States, 23249
  • Washington
    • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98101

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Histological or cytological confirmation of HCC (hepatocellular carcinoma) or non-invasive diagnosis of HCC as per American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases criteria in patients with a confirmed diagnosis of cirrhosis
• Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer stage Category B or C that cannot benefit from treatments of established efficacy with higher priority such as resection, local ablation, chemoembolization or systemic sorafenib.
• Failure to prior treatment with sorafenib (defined as documented radiological progression according to the radiology charter). Randomization needs to be performed within 10 weeks after the last treatment with sorafenib.
• Tolerability of prior treatment with sorafenib defined as not less than 20 days at a minimum daily dose of 400 mg QD within the last 28 days prior to withdrawal.
• Liver function status Child-Pugh Class A. Child Pugh status should be calculated based on clinical findings and laboratory results during the screening period.

Local or loco-regional therapy of intrahepatic tumor lesions (e.g. surgery, radiation therapy, hepatic arterial embolization, chemoembolization, radiofrequency ablation, percutaneous ethanol injection, or cryoablation) must have been completed >/=4 weeks before first dose of study medication. Note: patients who received sole intrahepatic intraarterial chemotherapy, without lipiodol or embolizing agents are not eligible.

• Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group Performance Status of 0 or 1.
• Adequate bone marrow, liver and renal function as assessed by the following laboratory tests conducted within 7 days before randomization.
• Glomerular filtration rate >/= 30 ml/min/1.73 m^2 according to the Modification of diet in renal disease study equation.
• At least one uni-dimensional measurable lesion by computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) according to RECIST (RECIST version 1.1), and modified RECIST for HCC. Tumor lesions situated in a previously irradiated area, or in an area subjected to other loco-regional therapy, may be considered measurable if there has been demonstrated progression in the lesion.
• Life expectancy of at least 3 months.
• Women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception .

Exclusion Criteria :

• Sorafenib treatment within 2 weeks of randomization.
• Prior systemic treatment for HCC, except sorafenib.
• Permanent discontinuation of prior sorafenib therapy due to sorafenib related toxicity.
• Known history or symptomatic metastatic brain or meningeal tumors (head CT or MRI at screening to confirm the absence of central nervous system [CNS] disease if patient has symptoms suggestive or consistent with CNS disease).
• Uncontrolled hypertension (systolic blood pressure [BP] > 150 mmHg or diastolic pressure > 90 mmHg despite optimal medical management).
• Uncontrolled ascites (defined as not easily controlled with diuretic or paracentesis treatment).
• Ongoing infection > Grade 2 according to NCI-CTCAE (National Cancer Institute - Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events) v. 4.0. Hepatitis B is allowed if no active replication is present. Hepatitis C is allowed if no antiviral treatment is required.
• Clinically significant bleeding NCI-CTCAE version 4.0 Grade 3 or higher within 30 days before randomization.
• Arterial or venous thrombotic or embolic events such as cerebrovascular accident (including transient ischemic attacks), deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism within 6 months before the start of study medication.
• Patients unable to swallow oral medications.
• Interstitial lung disease with ongoing signs and symptoms at the time of screening.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Regorafenib; 160 mg orally (p.o.) every day (qd) for 3 weeks of every 4 week cycle (i.e. 3 weeks on, 1 week off) plus BSC (Best Supportive Care)	Drug: Regorafenib (Stivarga, BAY73-4506); Regorafenib, 40 mg tablets
Placebo Comparator: Placebo; 4 matching placebo tablets for 3 weeks of every 4 week cycle (i.e. 3 weeks on, 1 week off) plus BSC	Drug: Placebo; Placebo tablets matching in appearance

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Overall Survival (OS)	Overall Survival (OS) was defined as the time from date of randomization (Day 1) to death due to any cause. Subjects still alive at the time of analysis were censored at their last date of last contact.	From randomization (Day 1) of the first subject until 419 days later

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Time to Progression (TTP)	TTP was the time (days) from randomization to radiological or clinical disease progression assessed by independent radiological review. Median and 95% confidence interval were reported for the modified response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (mRECIST) and response evaluation criteria in solid tumors version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1) analysis sets. Subjects still alive at the time of analysis were censored at their last date of last contact.	From date of randomization until 30 days after last study treatment (assessed every 6 weeks until PD; and after 8 cycle assessed every 12 weeks) (approximately 33 months)
Progression Free Survival (PFS)	Progression Free Survival (PFS) was defined as the time (days) from date of randomization to date of disease progression (radiological or clinical) or death due to any cause, if death occurs before progression was documented. Death in the absence of progression was a PFS event only if it occurred within the 12+1 weeks for subjects who discontinued treatment prior to cycle 8 and 24+2 weeks for subjects who discontinued treatment after to cycle 8 of the last evaluable tumor assessment; PFS were censored at the date of the last evaluable tumor assessment, if it occurred later. Median and 95% confidence interval 95% were reported for the mRECIST and RECIST 1.1 analysis sets. Subjects still alive at the time of analysis were censored at their last date of last contact.	From date of randomization until 30 days after last study treatment (assessed every 6 weeks until PD; and after 8 cycle assessed every 12 weeks)
Objective Tumor Response Rate (ORR)	Objective tumor response rate (ORR) was defined as the percentage of subjects whose best tumor response CR or Partial Response (PR) observed during trial period assessed according to the mRECIST criteria and RECIST 1.1. CR= Disappearance of all clinical and radiological evidence of tumor (both target and non-target). Any pathological lymph nodes (whether target or non-target) must have a reduction in short axis to < 10 mm. PR= At least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions taking as reference the baseline sum, no unequivocal progression of existing non target lesions and no appearance of new lesions. Subjects prematurely discontinuing without an assessment were to be considered non-responders for the analysis.	From date of randomization until 30 days after last study treatment (assessed every 6 weeks until PD; and after 8 cycle assessed every 12 weeks) (approximately 33 months)
Disease Control Rate (DCR)	Disease control rate (DCR) was defined as the percentage of subjects whose best response was CR (CR: disappearance of all clinical and radiological evidence of tumor (both target and non-target).), PR (PR: at least a 30% decrease in the sum of diameters of target lesions taking as reference the baseline sum, no unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions, and no appearance of new lesions.), or stable disease (SD) (SD: steady state of disease. Neither sufficient shrinkage to qualify for PR nor sufficient increase to qualify for PD, no unequivocal progression of existing non-target lesions, and no appearance of new lesions.) according to RECIST and RECIST 1.1 criteria. SD had to be maintained for at least 6 weeks from the first demonstration of that rating.	From date of randomization until 30 days after last study treatment (assessed every 6 weeks until PD; and after 8 cycle assessed every 12 weeks) (approximately 33 months)

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Overall Survival (OS)	Overall Survival (OS) was defined as the time from date of randomization (Day 1) to death due to any cause	From randomization (Day 1) of the first subject to end of follow upto 1710 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Bayer

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Bruix J, Qin S, Merle P, Granito A, Huang YH, Bodoky G, Pracht M, Yokosuka O, Rosmorduc O, Breder V, Gerolami R, Masi G, Ross PJ, Song T, Bronowicki JP, Ollivier-Hourmand I, Kudo M, Cheng AL, Llovet JM, Finn RS, LeBerre MA, Baumhauer A, Meinhardt G, Han G; RESORCE Investigators. Regorafenib for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma who progressed on sorafenib treatment (RESORCE): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Lancet. 2017 Jan 7;389(10064):56-66. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32453-9. Epub 2016 Dec 6. Erratum In: Lancet. 2017 Jan 7;389(10064):36.
• Finn RS, Merle P, Granito A, Huang YH, Bodoky G, Pracht M, Yokosuka O, Rosmorduc O, Gerolami R, Caparello C, Cabrera R, Chang C, Sun W, LeBerre MA, Baumhauer A, Meinhardt G, Bruix J. Outcomes of sequential treatment with sorafenib followed by regorafenib for HCC: Additional analyses from the phase III RESORCE trial. J Hepatol. 2018 Aug;69(2):353-358. doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2018.04.010. Epub 2018 Apr 26.
• Teufel M, Seidel H, Kochert K, Meinhardt G, Finn RS, Llovet JM, Bruix J. Biomarkers Associated With Response to Regorafenib in Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Gastroenterology. 2019 May;156(6):1731-1741. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2019.01.261. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Helpful Links

• Click here to find results for studies related to Bayer Healthcare products.
• Click here to find information about studies related to Bayer AG products conducted in Europe.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 14, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 29, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): July 5, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 21, 2013
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 23, 2013
• First Posted (Estimate): January 24, 2013

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 20, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 11, 2020
• Last Verified: August 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Regorafenib; BAY73-4506
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Adenocarcinoma; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Digestive System Neoplasms; Liver Diseases; Liver Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular
• Other Study ID Numbers: 15982; 2012-003649-14 (EudraCT Number)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED
• IPD Plan Description: Availability of this study's data will be determined according to Bayer's commitment to the EFPIA/PhRMA "Principles for responsible clinical trial data sharing". This pertains to scope, timepoint and process of data access. As such, Bayer commits to sharing upon request from qualified researchers patient-level clinical trial data, study-level clinical trial data, and protocols from clinical trials in patients for medicines and indications approved in the US and EU as necessary for conducting legitimate research. This applies to data on new medicines and indications that have been approved by the EU and US regulatory agencies on or after January 01, 2014. Interested researchers can use www.clinicalstudydatarequest.com to request access to anonymized patient-level data and supporting documents from clinical studies to conduct research. Information on the Bayer criteria for listing studies and other relevant information is provided in the Study sponsors section of the portal.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No