The Effect of Caudal Block on the Postoperative Complications in Pediatric Patients After Hypospadias Repair

August 25, 2015 updated by: Yonsei University
Hypospadias refers to a disease represented by a congenital defect in the urethra meatus (urinary opening) in male children. Due to the postoperative pain, symptoms such as discomfort, agitation, and restlessness are generally found. In particular, young children with restlessness often express their pain or discomfort with their bodies because they are unable to express it in words. This severe restlessness may make an operated region unstable, accompanying bleeding, infection, or other surgery-related complications. Because postoperative pain control is very important, neuraxial block techniques such as epidural block or caudal block have been employed in addition to a penile dorsal nerve block. Although the neuraxial block technique including the caudal block is an easy and safe method and has an excellent effect, the neuraxial block technique poses a potential risk in the procedure. In addition, with respect to the surgical prognosis, it has been reported that penile engorgement may cause penile vasodilation, resulting in oozing at the surgical region or other surgical complications. However, there has not been a report on the increase of postoperative complications by penile vasodilation or on the difference in the recovery or surgical prognosis according to the types of pain control for young patients.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

404

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Korea, Republic of
      • Seoul, Korea, Republic of, 120-752
        • Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University Health System

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

No older than 7 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

Male

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Pediatric patients who underwent the first hypospadias surgery at our institution between January, 2010 and December, 2014 (for 5 years).

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Pediatric patients who underwent the tubularized incised plate (TIP) repair under hypospadias at our institution between January, 2010 and December, 2014

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients whose medical records could not be analyzed for having undergone the first hypospadias surgery at another institution. Other exclusion criteria were as follows: over the age of 8 years, planned two-stage hypospadias repair, receiving continuous epidural analgesia, and without hypospadias as the final diagnosis.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Cohort
  • Time Perspectives: Retrospective

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
IV PCA group
Procedure: IV PCA group
The IV PCA is performed by injecting fentanyl 15 mcg/kg with the following regimen
IV PCA+ caudal block group
Procedure: IV PCA+ caudal block group
The IV PCA is performed by injecting fentanyl 15 mcg/kg with the following regimen + caudal block was 0.15% ropivacaine 1.2 cc/kg; a total volume of 100 cc, basal 2 cc, bolus 0.5 cc, and lockout time 15 minutes.)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The postoperative complications related hypospadias repair
Time Frame: within 6 months after hypospadias repair
The electronic medical records of pediatric patients who underwent hypospadias repair will be reviewed to analyze the difference in postoperative complications within 6 months after surgery between patients whose postoperative pain control was performed only by IV PCA and patients whose postoperative pain control was performed by caudal block combined with IV PCA.
within 6 months after hypospadias repair

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Yonsei University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

June 1, 2014

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 1, 2015

Study Completion (Actual)

January 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 12, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 12, 2014

First Posted (Estimate)

June 16, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

August 26, 2015

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 25, 2015

Last Verified

August 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 4-2014-0294

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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