Plasticity and Cross-modal Interactions in Profoundly Deaf Adults (PLASMODY)

January 17, 2017 updated by: University Hospital, Grenoble

Plasticity and Cross-modal Interactions for Oral Communication in Profoundly Deaf Adults

The aim of this study is to evaluate cerebral asymmetry for face processing in a group of profoundly deaf participants and a group of hearing controls by the mean of fMRI measure. To this end, we present chimeric faces (faces split into different halves), entire faces, or faces presented in divided visual field, and subjects perform a gender categorization task while lying in a fMRI scanner.

It is expected to find a reduced cerebral asymmetry in the Fusiform Face Area in deaf in comparison with hearing participants.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

A rightward asymmetry during face processing is well documented in hearing participants, in particular in the Fusiform Face Area, a cortical area underlying face processing. This rightward asymmetry seems to be very robust, present even with inverted faces or line drawings, and is already present at five years of age. If the brain asymmetry for face processing emerges during development, early deprivation or dramatic differences the infant's experience with the world should affect it. For example, infants treated for bilateral congenital cataracts after 7 weeks of age, who are deprived of patterned visual input for this duration, fail to develop some of the aspects associated with typical adult levels of face recognition. Non visual early deprivation can also affect the development of visual abilities. Several studies showed that deaf participants could detect targets at larger eccentricities, thus indicating larger visual field . Furthermore, better abilities have been found in deaf participants for the detection of motion, in particular in the visual periphery . Higher-level visual abilities have also been shown to be modified by early deafness, such as visual imagery (image generation, or rotation) or the processing of faces . Using the Benton Test of Facial Recognition, a previous study tested the recognition of individual faces in deaf participants. They obtained better scores than hearing non signers, but only in a difficult condition, in which faces were shadowed. This enhanced processing in deaf people could thus concern very particular aspects of face processing; it was found that deaf and normal hearing differed only by the detection of subtle facial features. Investigating configural processing during face perception, it was found an increased dependency on this mode of processing in deaf participants.

If visual processing is affected by early deafness, what about visual asymmetries? Several experimental studies examining hemispheric asymmetry in congenitally deaf individuals found that it differs from the one observed in hearing individuals . Concerning face processing, few studies investigated hemispheric lateralization during the perception of faces in deaf people. When presenting briefly unfamiliar faces in either the left or right visual field and no differences between deaf and hearing participants were found. In a previous experiment, using chimeric faces (faces vertically split into two different parts, ie half male, half female) it was found a reduction of leftward asymmetry for face processing in deaf participants during a gender categorization task.

The aim of the present study is to broaden the knowledge about asymmetry for face processing in deaf people, by evaluating if this reduction of asymmetry observed at the behavioral level results from a reduction of cerebral asymmetry at the level of Fusiform Face Area.

Deaf participants and normal hearing controls will be presented face stimuli, composed of either chimeric male/female and female/male faces, entire faces or entire face presented in divided visual field, to investigate Fusiform Face Area asymmetry in these two groups. Participants will lie in an fMRI scanner, and their cerebral activity will be recorded while they perform a gender categorization task on our face stimuli.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

17

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • France
      • Grenoble, France, 38000
        • plateforme IRMage

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

16 years to 58 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Consent Form signed
  • Medical exam performed before entering in to the scanner
  • age between 18 and 60 years
  • Absence of neurological and/or psychiatric troubles
  • Normal or corrected vision
  • Right handed

For Deaf participants:

  • Bilateral hearing loss 80 dB or more
  • Hearing loss before 2 years of age
  • use of French Sign Language

For Hearing participants - signers:

  • Absence of hearing loss
  • Use of French sign Language (Bilingual)

For Hearing participants - non signers:

  • Absence of hearing loss

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pregnant women, mothers who suckle, minors
  • Presence of metal implants (cardiac implants, bone implants, auditory implants...),
  • Presence of skin implants: not removable body piercings, tattoos, not removable jewels
  • Claustrophobia
  • Visual impairment without correction
  • Neurological/Psychiatric disorder
  • Cardiac or respiratory trouble

For Deaf participants:

  • unilateral hearing loss
  • cochlear implant

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Deaf
Group of early profound deaf participants fMRI measure
Other: fMRI measure
Experimental: Hearing signers
Group of hearing signer controls fMRI measure
Other: fMRI measure
Sham Comparator: Hearing non signers
Group of hearing non signer controls fMRI measure
Other: fMRI measure

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
cerebral activity (fMRI measure)
Time Frame: Time 0
Time 0

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University Hospital, Grenoble

Collaborators

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, France

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

April 1, 2014

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 11, 2015

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 11, 2015

First Posted (Estimate)

December 16, 2015

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

January 18, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 17, 2017

Last Verified

January 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2014-A00088-39

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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