- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT02755948
A Study of Protective Immunity Against RSV and Influenza in Experimental Human Challenge of Volunteers
Cell Mediated Immunity Against RSV and Influenza in a Human Experimental Challenge
Study Overview
Status
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Influenza and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) are the two most common causes of severe viral respiratory tract infection. Seasonal influenza has an overall incidence of 10-20% per annum with frequent complications, and the annual mortality in the USA has been estimated at up to 9.9 deaths per 100,000. According to World Health Organization (WHO) estimates, RSV causes around 64 million infections per annum and 160,000 deaths. It is the leading cause of severe respiratory illness in young children (associated with severe infant wheezing illness) and is also a significant problem in susceptible adults (including the elderly and those with airways disease) in whom RSV is responsible for around 22% of winter respiratory illnesses with a case fatality rate of 2-8%. No vaccines or specific antivirals are available for RSV and those licensed for influenza remain suboptimal. Further understanding of the human immune response to these viruses particularly in the context of the respiratory tract is therefore essential. Experimental human infection studies have the advantage of studying these pathogens in their natural host with the capacity to sample different anatomical sites intensively. Thus the investigators aim to use these models in helping to test vaccines and therapeutics as well as providing critical information on immunity and pathogenesis.
The investigators will use previously characterised Good Manufacturing Practices-certified RSV and influenza viruses derived from recent clinical isolates to investigate the response to infection in healthy adult volunteers. Subjects will be recruited via advertisement and screened at Imperial College London. Healthy individuals will be enrolled in the study and undergo baseline investigations including sampling from blood, upper and lower respiratory tract. They will then be inoculated with RSV or influenza by intranasal drops and quarantined for 10 days. During this time, they will have further blood and respiratory sampling. After the 10 day isolation period, they will be discharged and followed up for up to 6 months post-infection.
These samples will undergo analysis for antibody, B and T cell responses to correlate with outcome of inoculation, which may include no infection, asymptomatic or symptomatic infection. Thus the investigators will infer the role of immune correlates in protection against infection or symptomatic disease.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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London, United Kingdom, W2 1PG
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Healthy persons aged 18 to 55 years, able to give informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Chronic respiratory disease (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, rhinitis, sinusitis) in adulthood
- Inhaled bronchodilator or steroid use within the last 12 months
- Use of any medication or other product (prescription or over-the-counter) for symptoms of rhinitis or nasal congestion within the last 6 months
- Acute upper respiratory infection or sinusitis in the past 6 weeks
- Smoking in the past 6 months OR >5 pack-year lifetime history
- Subjects with allergic symptoms present at baseline
- Clinically relevant abnormality on chest X-ray
- Those in close domestic contact (i.e. sharing a household with, caring for, or daily face to face contact) with children under 3 years, the elderly (>65 years), immunosuppressed persons, or those with chronic respiratory disease
- Subjects with known or suspected immune deficiency
- Receipt of systemic glucocorticoids (in a dose ≥ 5 mg prednisone daily or equivalent) within one month, or any other cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drug within 6 months prior to challenge
- Known immunoglobulin A deficiency, immotile cilia syndrome, or Kartagener's syndrome
- History of frequent nose bleeds
- Any significant medical condition or prescribed drug deemed by the study doctor to make the participant unsuitable for the study
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women
- Positive urine drug screen
- Detectable baseline haemagglutination inhibition titres against influenza challenge strains
- Influenza arm only: history of hypersensitivity to eggs, egg proteins, gentamicin, gelatin or arginine, or with life-threatening reactions to previous influenza vaccinations
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Basic Science
- Allocation: Non-Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: RSV A Memphis 37
Half the participants will be inoculated with RSV Memphis 37 10(4) plaque forming units (PFU) in 1 milliliter (mL) 25% sucrose/Dulbecco's Modification of Eagle's Medium (DMEM) delivered by intranasal drops.
They will then be monitored as in-patients for 10 days with daily clinical assessment and blood and respiratory tract sampling.
Following discharge, they will be followed up for up to 6 months post-inoculation.
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Good Manufacturing Practices-certified RSV Memphis 37 10(4) PFU in 1 mL 25% sucrose/DMEM delivered by intranasal drops
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Experimental: Influenza A/California/04/2009
Half the participants will be inoculated with Influenza A/California/04/09 3.5x10(4) tissue culture infective dose 50% (TCID50) in 1 mL in Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (DPBS) delivered by intranasal drops.
They will then be monitored as in-patients for 10 days with daily clinical assessment and blood and respiratory tract sampling.
Following discharge, they will be followed up for up to 6 months post-inoculation.
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Good Manufacturing Practices-certified Influenza A/California/04/09 3.5x10(4) TCID50 in 1 mL in DPBS delivered by intranasal drops
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Symptoms
Time Frame: 28 days
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Self-reported upper and lower respiratory and systemic symptoms by diary card
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28 days
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Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Viral load
Time Frame: 28 days
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Nasal wash viral load by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)
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28 days
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Frequency of T cells in blood and respiratory tract by flow cytometry
Time Frame: 6 months
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Frequency of T cells in blood and respiratory tract by flow cytometry as a proportion of live lymphocytes
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6 months
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Frequency of T cells in blood and respiratory tract by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot)
Time Frame: 6 months
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Frequency of antigen-specific T cells in blood and respiratory tract by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) as a proportion of mononuclear cells
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6 months
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Virus-specific serum plaque reduction neutralization titer
Time Frame: 6 months
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Antibody responses to infection in blood and respiratory tract by plaque reduction neutralisation assay
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6 months
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Virus-specific antibody geometric mean titer
Time Frame: 6 months
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Antibody responses to infection in blood and respiratory tract by enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) as a proportion of mononuclear cells
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6 months
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Frequency of B cells in blood and respiratory tract by flow cytometry
Time Frame: 6 months
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Frequency of virus-specific B cells by flow cytometry as a proportion of live lymphocytes
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6 months
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Frequency of B cells in blood and respiratory tract by ELISpot
Time Frame: 6 months
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Frequency of virus-specific B cells by ELISpot
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6 months
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Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Christopher Chiu, BMBCh PhD, Imperial College London
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Jozwik A, Habibi MS, Paras A, Zhu J, Guvenel A, Dhariwal J, Almond M, Wong EHC, Sykes A, Maybeno M, Del Rosario J, Trujillo-Torralbo MB, Mallia P, Sidney J, Peters B, Kon OM, Sette A, Johnston SL, Openshaw PJ, Chiu C. RSV-specific airway resident memory CD8+ T cells and differential disease severity after experimental human infection. Nat Commun. 2015 Dec 21;6:10224. doi: 10.1038/ncomms10224. Erratum In: Nat Commun. 2016;7:11011.
- Currie SM, Gwyer Findlay E, McFarlane AJ, Fitch PM, Bottcher B, Colegrave N, Paras A, Jozwik A, Chiu C, Schwarze J, Davidson DJ. Cathelicidins Have Direct Antiviral Activity against Respiratory Syncytial Virus In Vitro and Protective Function In Vivo in Mice and Humans. J Immunol. 2016 Mar 15;196(6):2699-710. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1502478. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
- Paterson S, Kar S, Ung SK, Gardener Z, Bergstrom E, Ascough S, Kalyan M, Zyla J, Maertzdorf J, Mollenkopf HJ, Weiner J, Jozwik A, Jarvis H, Jha A, Nicholson BP, Veldman T, Woods CW, Mallia P, Kon OM, Kaufmann SHE, Openshaw PJ, Chiu C. Innate-like Gene Expression of Lung-Resident Memory CD8+ T Cells during Experimental Human Influenza: A Clinical Study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2021 Oct 1;204(7):826-841. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202103-0620OC.
- Guvenel A, Jozwik A, Ascough S, Ung SK, Paterson S, Kalyan M, Gardener Z, Bergstrom E, Kar S, Habibi MS, Paras A, Zhu J, Park M, Dhariwal J, Almond M, Wong EH, Sykes A, Del Rosario J, Trujillo-Torralbo MB, Mallia P, Sidney J, Peters B, Kon OM, Sette A, Johnston SL, Openshaw PJ, Chiu C. Epitope-specific airway-resident CD4+ T cell dynamics during experimental human RSV infection. J Clin Invest. 2020 Jan 2;130(1):523-538. doi: 10.1172/JCI131696.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 13SM0365
- 11/LO/1826 (Other Identifier: London-Fulham Research Ethics Committee)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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