Safety and Efficacy of Evolocumab in Addition to Optimal Stable Background Statin Therapy in Chinese Participants With Primary Hypercholesterolemia and Mixed Dyslipidemia

A Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, Multicenter Study to Evaluate Safety and Efficacy of Evolocumab (AMG 145) in Addition to Optimal Stable Background Statin Therapy in Chinese Subjects With Primary Hypercholesterolemia and Mixed Dyslipidemia

This study is being done to learn more about evolocumab in Chinese people with primary hypercholesterolemia or mixed dyslipidemia. This study will see if evolocumab will reduce low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in Chinese people who are also taking a certain type of lipid-lowering medication (statins with or without ezetimibe) and whether it causes any side effects.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Mixed Dyslipidemia; Primary Hypercholesterolemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: placebo; Drug: evolocumab

Detailed Description

This is a phase 3, multicenter, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study of evolocumab in Chinese participants with hypercholesterolemia and mixed dyslipidemia. Participants who have signed the informed consent form (ICF) will have fasting lipids measured and all inclusion and exclusion criteria assessed. All eligible participants must be taking a maximum appropriate dose of an approved statin, not requiring up titration. Participants should maintain their current diet and exercise regimen.

Treatment and follow-up period will be 12 weeks with an additional phone call or other participant contact at week 14 for those receiving investigational product every 2 weeks (Q2W). The end of study (EOS) for participants on once monthly (QM) investigational product is at the week 12 visit, which must be at least 30 days post last dose of investigational product.

Evolocumab or placebo will be administered by self-injection under the skin at the study site or in an appropriate non-clinic setting (e.g., at home) by spring based prefilled auto injector/pen (AI/Pen). Participants must tolerate an injection of placebo with a prefilled auto injector/pen device to be used during the study prior to randomization.

Participants will be randomly added to 1 of 4 groups using a 2:2:1:1 ratio:

evolocumab 140 mg Q2W (86 participants total) evolocumab 420 mg QM (86 participants total) placebo Q2W (44 participants total) placebo QM (43 participants total). The dose frequencies of Q2W and QM will not be blinded but the identity of investigational product evolocumab or placebo will be blinded.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 259
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• China
  • Shanghai, China, 200040
    • Huashan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University
  • Beijing
    • Beijing, Beijing, China, 100191
      • Peking University Third Hospital
    • Beijing, Beijing, China, 100730
      • Beijing Hospital
  • Guangdong
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510080
      • Guangdong Provincial Peoples Hospital
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510120
      • Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital Sun Yat-sen University
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510220
      • Guangzhou red cross hospital
    • Guangzhou, Guangdong, China, 510180
      • Guangzhou First Peoples  Hospital
    • Shenzhen, Guangdong, China, 518036
      • Peking University Shenzhen Hospital
  • Guangxi
    • Nanning, Guangxi, China, 530031
      • The Second Nanning Peoples Hospital
  • Heilongjiang
    • Harbin, Heilongjiang, China, 150001
      • The First Affiliated Hospital Of Harbin Medical University
  • Hubei
    • Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430030
      • Wuhan Puai Hospital
  • Hunan
    • Changsha, Hunan, China, 410008
      • Xiangya Hospital Central South University
    • Changsha, Hunan, China, 410013
      • The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
    • Changsha, Hunan, China, 410004
      • Changsha Central Hospital
    • Changsha, Hunan, China, 410011
      • The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University
  • Inner Mongolia
    • Huhehaote, Inner Mongolia, China, 010017
      • Inner Mongolia Peoples Hospital
  • Jiangsu
    • Suzhou, Jiangsu, China, 215000
      • SuZhou Kowloon Hospital
    • Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China, 221006
      • The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
    • Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China, 212001
      • Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University
  • Jiangxi
    • Nanchang, Jiangxi, China, 330006
      • The Second Affiliated Hospital to Nanchang University
  • Jilin
    • Changchun, Jilin, China, 130033
      • China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University
  • Liaoning
    • Shenyang, Liaoning, China, 110016
      • The Peoples Hospital of Liaoning Province
  • Shandong
    • Jinan, Shandong, China, 250013
      • Jinan Central Hospital
  • Shanghai
    • Shanghai, Shanghai, China, 200090
      • Shanghai Yangpu District Central Hospital
  • Shanxi
    • XI An, Shanxi, China, 710061
      • The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi An Jiao Tong University
  • Tianjin
    • Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300052
      • Tianjin Medical University General Hospital
    • Tianjin, Tianjin, China, 300140
      • Tianjin Fourth Centre Hospital
  • Zhejiang
    • Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310013
      • Zhejiang Hospital
    • Linhai, Zhejiang, China, 317000
      • Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province
    • Ningbo, Zhejiang, China, 315010
      • Ningbo First Hospital
    • Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
      • The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 99 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male or female ≥ 18 years of age at signing of informed consent form
• On an approved statin, with or without ezetimibe, at optimal stable daily dose(s) for at least 4 weeks before LDL-C screening and, in the opinion of the investigator, not requiring uptitration
• Fasting LDL-C as determined by central laboratory at screening ≥ 80 mg/dL

• Subject meets at least 1 of the following criteria for high/very high cardiovascular (CV) risk：

  • history of coronary artery disease
  • history of ischemic stroke
  • diagnosis of peripheral artery disease
  • an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) as determined by central laboratory at screening of ≥ 30 but < 60 ml/min/1.73m^2
  • diagnosis of diabetes mellitus type 2
  • presence of ≥ 3 of the following risk factors: ≥ 45 years of age if male; ≥ 55 years of age if female; hypertension; smoking; family history of premature cardiovascular disease (CVD; 1st degree of relative: male < 55 yr, female < 65 yr); high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol < 40 mg/dL; obesity (body mass index ≥ 28 kg/m^2)

OR

Subject does not meet high/very high CV risk criteria but fasting LDL-C as determined by central laboratory at screening ≥ 130 mg/dl

• Fasting triglycerides ≤ 400 mg/dL (4.5 mmol/L) by determined by central laboratory at screening
• Subject tolerates a screening placebo injection.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Myocardial infarction, unstable angina, percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) or stroke within 3 months prior to randomization
• Planned coronary or other revascularization within 20 weeks of screening
• New York Heart Association (NYHA) III or IV heart failure, or last known left ventricular ejection fraction < 30
• Uncontrolled serious cardiac arrhythmia defined as recurrent and highly symptomatic ventricular tachycardia, atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response, or supraventricular tachycardia that are not controlled by medications, in the past 3 months prior to randomization
• Type 1 diabetes, new-onset (hemoglobin [Hb]A1c ≥ 6.5% or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥ 126 mg/dL at screening without known diagnosis) or poorly controlled (HbA1c ≥ 8.5%) type 2 diabetes, as determined by central laboratory at screening
• Uncontrolled hypertension defined as sitting systolic blood pressure (SBP) > 180 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) > 110 mmHg
• Subject has taken a cholesterylester transfer protein (CETP) inhibitor in the 12 months prior to randomization
• Subject has taken in the 6 weeks prior to LDL-C screening: red yeast rice, > 200 mg/day niacin, > 1000 mg/day omega-3 fatty acids (eg, dihydroxyacetone docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid), stanols or prescription lipid-regulating drugs (eg, bile-acid sequestering resins, fibrates and derivatives) or other cholesterol lowering drugs or lipid-lowering dietary supplements or food additives other than statins and ezetimibe
• Treatment 3 months prior to LDL-C screening with any of the following drugs: systemic cyclosporine, systemic steroids, (intravenous [IV], intramuscular [IM], or by-mouth [PO]) (Note: hormone replacement therapy is permitted), vitamin A derivatives and retinol derivatives for the treatment of dermatologic conditions (eg, Accutane) (Note: vitamin A in a multivitamin preparation is permitted)
• Uncontrolled hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism as defined by thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) < 1.0 time the lower limit of normal (LLN) or > 1.5 times the upper limit of normal (ULN), respectively, at screening
• Severe renal dysfunction, defined as an eGFR < 30 ml/min/1.73m^2 at screening as estimated by Cockcroft-Gault method
• Active liver disease or hepatic dysfunction, defined as aspartate aminotransferase (AST) or alanine aminotransferase (ALT) > 3 times the ULN as determined by central laboratory analysis at screening
• Creatinine kinase (CK) > 5 times the ULN at screening
• Malignancy (except non-melanoma skin cancers, cervical in-situ carcinoma, breast ductal carcinoma in situ, or stage 1 prostate carcinoma) within the last 5 years prior to randomization
• Subject has previously received evolocumab or any other therapy to inhibit PCSK9
• Subject has known sensitivity to any of the active substances or their excipients to be administered during dosing, eg, carboxymethylcellulose
• Subject likely to not be available to complete all protocol-required study visits or procedures, and/or to comply with all required study procedures to the best of the subject and investigator's knowledge.
• History or evidence of any other clinically significant disorder, condition or disease (with the exception of those outlined above) that, in the opinion of the investigator or Amgen physician, if consulted, would pose a risk to subject safety or interfere with the study evaluation, procedures or completion.
• Currently receiving treatment in another investigational device or drug study, or less than 30 days before randomization since ending treatment on another investigational device or drug study(s) or planning to receive other investigational procedures while participating in this study

• Female subject of childbearing potential not willing to use an acceptable method(s) of effective birth control during treatment with investigational product and for an additional 15 weeks after the end of treatment with investigational product. Female subjects of non-childbearing potential who are not required to use contraception during the study and include those who have had a:

  • hysterectomy
  • bilateral salpingectomy
  • bilateral oophorectomy or
  • who are postmenopausal i. A postmenopausal state is defined as no menses for 12 months without an alternative medical cause. [A high follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) level in the postmenopausal range may be used to confirm a postmenopausal state in women not using hormonal contraception or hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). However, in the absence of 12 months of amenorrhea, a single FSH measurement is insufficient.

ii. Females on HRT and whose menopausal status is in doubt will be required to use one of the non-hormonal highly effective contraception methods if they wish to continue their HRT during the study. Otherwise, they must discontinue HRT to allow confirmation of postmenopausal status before study enrollment.

Acceptable methods of effective birth control include:

• sexual abstinence (defined as refraining from heterosexual intercourse during the entire period of risk associated with the study treatments; the reliability of sexual abstinence must be evaluated in relation to the duration of the trial and the preferred and usual lifestyle of the subject. [Periodic abstinence (eg., calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, postovulation methods), declaration of abstinence for the duration of a study, and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception])
• bilateral tubal ligation/occlusion
• vasectomized partner (provided that partner is the sole sexual partner of the female subject of childbearing potential and that the vasectomized partner has received medical assessment of the surgical success)
• use of hormonal birth control methods (oral, intravaginal (eg. vaginal ring(s), transdermal, injectable, or implantable)
• intrauterine devices (IUDs)
• intrauterine hormonal releasing system (IUS)

• 2 barrier methods (each partner must use 1 barrier method) the male uses a condom and the female must choose either a diaphragm, OR cervical cap, OR contraceptive sponge with spermicide. If spermicide is not commercially available in the country or region, the 2 barrier method without spermicide is acceptable. (A female condom is not an option due to the risk of tearing when both partners use a condom.)

  • Female subject is pregnant or breast feeding (nursing), planning to become pregnant or planning to breastfeed (nurse) during treatment with investigational product and/or within 15 weeks after the end of treatment with investigational product.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Placebo Q2W; Placebo subcutaneous (SC) Q2W for 12 weeks	Drug: placebo; Placebo will be administered per pre-filled auto-injector pen (AI/Pen). Participants will receive placebo every 2 weeks or monthly subcutaneously.
Placebo Comparator: Placebo QM; Placebo SC QM for 12 weeks	Drug: placebo; Placebo will be administered per pre-filled auto-injector pen (AI/Pen). Participants will receive placebo every 2 weeks or monthly subcutaneously.
Experimental: Evolocumab 140 mg Q2W; Evolocumab 140 mg SC Q2W for 12 weeks	Drug: evolocumab; Evolocumab will be administered per pre-filled auto-injector pen (AI/Pen). Participants will receive evolocumab (AMG 145) every 2 weeks or monthly subcutaneously.; Other Names: Repatha; AMG 145
Experimental: Evolocumab 420 mg QM; Evolocumab 420 mg SC QM for 12 weeks	Drug: evolocumab; Evolocumab will be administered per pre-filled auto-injector pen (AI/Pen). Participants will receive evolocumab (AMG 145) every 2 weeks or monthly subcutaneously.; Other Names: Repatha; AMG 145

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Co-Primary Endpoint: Percent Change From Baseline in LDL-C: Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Co-Primary Endpoint: Percent Change From Baseline in LDL-C at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Week 12

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline in LDL-C: Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Change From Baseline in LDL-C at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Week 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Non-High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (Non-HDL-C): Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Non-HDL-C at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Week 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Apolipoprotein B (ApoB): Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percent Change From Baseline in ApoB at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline and Week 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Total Cholesterol: Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Total Cholesterol at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline and Week 12
Percentage of Participants With Target LDL-C < 70 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L): Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Percentage of participants who were below the target LDL-C of 70 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) based on the mean LDL-C data collected at weeks 10 and 12.	Weeks 10 and 12
Percentage of Participants With Target LDL-C < 70 mg/dL (1.8 mmol/L) at Week 12		Week 12
Percentage of Participants With LDL-C Response: Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Percentage of participants who had LDL-C response (50% reduction of LDL-C from baseline) based on the mean LDL-C using the data collected at weeks 10 and 12.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percentage of Participants With LDL-C Response (50% Reduction of LDL-C From Baseline) at Week 12	LDL-C Response is defined as a 50% reduction of LDL-C from Baseline.	Baseline and Week 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]: Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Lp(a) at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline and Week 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Triglycerides: Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Triglycerides at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline and Week 12
Percent Change From Baseline in High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C): Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percent Change From Baseline in HDL-C at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline and Week 12
Percent Change From Baseline in Very Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDL-C): Mean of Weeks 10 and 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline, Weeks 10 and 12
Percent Change From Baseline in VLDL-C at Week 12	Least squares mean is from the repeated measures linear effects model which includes treatment group, stratification factors, scheduled visit and the interaction of treatment with scheduled visit as covariates.	Baseline and Week 12

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Amgen

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Tan H, Li W, Huang Z, Han Y, Huang X, Li D, Xing X, Monsalvo ML, Wu Y, Mao J, Xin L, Chen J; HUA TUO study investigators. Efficacy and Safety of Evolocumab in Chinese Patients with Primary Hypercholesterolemia and Mixed Dyslipidemia: 12-Week Primary Results of the HUA TUO Randomized Clinical Trial. Cardiol Ther. 2023 Feb 21:1-19. doi: 10.1007/s40119-023-00304-x. Online ahead of print.

Helpful Links

• AmgenTrials clinical trials website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 9, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 24, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): May 9, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 18, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 8, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): February 15, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 27, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 23, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: China; Chinese; Hypercholesterolemia; Statin; High Cholesterol; Evolocumab; Repatha; Mixed Dyslipidemia; Lowering cholesterol
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Metabolic Diseases; Lipid Metabolism Disorders; Hyperlipidemias; Dyslipidemias; Hypercholesterolemia; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antimetabolites; Anticholesteremic Agents; Hypolipidemic Agents; Lipid Regulating Agents; Evolocumab
• Other Study ID Numbers: 20150172

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: De-identified individual patient data for variables necessary to address the specific research question in an approved data sharing request.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Data sharing requests relating to this study will be considered beginning 18 months after the study has ended and either 1) the product and indication (or other new use) have been granted marketing authorization in both the US and Europe or 2) clinical development for the product and/or indication discontinues and the data will not be submitted to regulatory authorities. There is no end date for eligibility to submit a data sharing request for this study.
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Qualified researchers may submit a request containing the research objectives, the Amgen product(s) and Amgen study/studies in scope, endpoints/outcomes of interest, statistical analysis plan, data requirements, publication plan, and qualifications of the researcher(s). In general, Amgen does not grant external requests for individual patient data for the purpose of re-evaluating safety and efficacy issues already addressed in the product labelling. Requests are reviewed by a committee of internal advisors, and if not approved, may be further arbitrated by a Data Sharing Independent Review Panel. Upon approval, information necessary to address the research question will be provided under the terms of a data sharing agreement. This may include anonymized individual patient data and/or available supporting documents, containing fragments of analysis code where provided in analysis specifications. Further details are available at the link below.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL; SAP; ICF; CSR

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: Yes