Diabetic Foot Ulcer Recurrence: Pilot Study (DFUCO)

To Study Diabetic Foot Ulcer Recurrence With Trans Epidermal Water Loss Measured With Derma Lab

In this prospective pilot study, patients with DFU visiting the Indiana University Comprehensive Wound Center will be enrolled. Patients enrolled in the study will be followed for 16 weeks for wound closure(Phase A), and will then begin Phase B where TEWL measurements and wound recurrence will be followed up for up to 12 weeks.

Study Overview

• Status: Terminated
• Conditions: Diabetic Foot; Ulcer Foot
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: no interventions

Detailed Description

Diabetes impairs immune defenses such that the ability to fight wound infection is weakened. Thus, infection is a major problem in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) . Biofilms are estimated to account for 60% of chronic wound infections6. In biofilm bacteria are encased within extra polymeric substance (EPS) and become recalcitrant to antimicrobials and host defenses.In the biofilm form, bacteria may not form colony. Thus, standard clinical techniques like CFU to detect infection may not detect biofilm infection. Thus, biofilm infection may be viewed as a silent threat in wound care. Using a preclinical swine model of mixed species wound biofilm infection, we struck an unusual observation. Although biofilm infection may or may not influence the rate of wound closure as measured by standard planimetry, it inevitably compromises the functional property of the repaired skin. The wound may close as evaluated visually, but that closed wound lacks barrier function. Such pathology is caused by the perturbation of epithelial junctional proteins in response to biofilm infection. While detecting the biofilm directly is readily not possible at present in the wound clinics, compromised barrier function of the repaired skin can be detected at the point of care of the measurement of trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL). This pilot study, we propose, many DFUs that are currently served with a CLOSED clinical decision may have had a history of biofilm infection and therefore remained functionally open.

Considering that such incomplete wound closure may have a higher risk of wound recidivism, it becomes critically important that wound closure decisions be guided by functional tests in addition to factors currently considered. Importantly, substantial change in health impact may be achieved by a simple functional test as implemented by the measurement of trans epidermal water loss (TEWL). TEWL can be performed by clinical staff at the point of care within 15 minutes with minimum training using inexpensive hand- held pen like commercial gadgets approved for clinical use.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 15

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Indiana
    • Indianapolis, Indiana, United States, 46202
      • IU Health Methodist Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

30 clinically diagnosed infected DFU patients will be recruited for this study in Phase A.Based on the expectation that 89% of these wounds will heal within 16 weeks of enrollment, 26 of these patients will continue with the study for Phase B.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Age ≥ 18
2. Willing to comply with protocol instructions, including all study visits and study activities.
3. Diabetic foot ulcers

4. Adequate arterial blood flow as evidenced by at least one of the following:

   1. TCOM > 30 mmHg
   2. Ankle-brachial index ≥0.7
   3. Toe pressure > 30 mmHg

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Individuals who are deemed unable to understand the procedures, risks and benefits of the study, (i.e. unable to provide informed consent)
2. Wounds closed or to be closed by flap or graft coverage
3. Prisoners

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Functional skin closure in DFU in relation to biofilm infection	TEWL will be measured to check for functional wound closure and see if DFU recidivism is high in subjects with a history of biofilm infection	7 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Indiana University
• Collaborators: Stanford University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Chandan K Sen, PhD, Professor

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Roy S, Elgharably H, Sinha M, Ganesh K, Chaney S, Mann E, Miller C, Khanna S, Bergdall VK, Powell HM, Cook CH, Gordillo GM, Wozniak DJ, Sen CK. Mixed-species biofilm compromises wound healing by disrupting epidermal barrier function. J Pathol. 2014 Aug;233(4):331-343. doi: 10.1002/path.4360. Epub 2014 May 27.

Helpful Links

• 1. Ahmed AS, Antonsen EL. Immune and vascular dysfunction in diabetic wound healing. J Wound Care. 2016;25 Suppl 7:S35-46
• 2. Aye M, Masson EA. Dermatological care of the diabetic foot. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2002;3:463-474

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 25, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 30, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): August 30, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 25, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 20, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): March 27, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 23, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 18, 2023
• Last Verified: October 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Skin Diseases; Endocrine System Diseases; Disease Attributes; Diabetic Angiopathies; Leg Ulcer; Skin Ulcer; Diabetes Complications; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Neuropathies; Foot Diseases; Diabetic Foot; Foot Ulcer; Ulcer; Recurrence
• Other Study ID Numbers: 1808823394

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No