- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03551561
Measures for the Prevention of Surgical Site Infection (Orthopedics)
June 8, 2018 updated by: Universidade do Vale do Sapucai
Antisepsis Techniques in Orthopedic Surgical Procedures: a Comparative Study
Among the causes associated with infection of hospitalized patients, surgical site infection is a complication that is potentially associated with any type of surgical procedure, it also represents an expressive burden in terms of morbidity and mortality, as well as additional costs for health care systems around the world.
It is regarded that the efficiency of the pre, per, and postoperative skin preparation depends on both the adopted antiseptic and the application method, with Chlorhexidine currently being the most used drug in such preparation.
However, the manner, timing, or timing of cutaneous antisepsis action is unclear.
Objective: Comparing antisepsis techniques using chlorhexidine-based soap associated with ethyl alcohol and alcoholic chlorhexidine versus chlorhexidine-based soap associated with alcoholic chlorhexidine, in surgical orthopedic procedures.
Study Overview
Detailed Description
Among the causes associated with infection of hospitalized patients, surgical site infection is a complication that is potentially associated with any type of surgical procedure, it also represents an expressive burden in terms of morbidity and mortality, as well as additional costs for health care systems around the world.
It is regarded that the efficiency of the pre, per, and postoperative skin preparation depends on both the adopted antiseptic and the application method, with Chlorhexidine currently being the most used drug in such preparation.
However, the manner, timing, or timing of cutaneous antisepsis action is unclear.
Objective: Comparing antisepsis techniques using chlorhexidine-based soap associated with ethyl alcohol and alcoholic chlorhexidine versus chlorhexidine-based soap associated with alcoholic chlorhexidine, in surgical orthopedic procedures.
Methods: It is a primary, randomized, analytical and single-center clinical trial, consisting of 170 patients, which were distributed between 2 randomized groups, where Chlorhexidine-based Soap + Alcoholic Chlorhexidine were tested on the group CSAC and Chlorhexidine-based Soap + 70% Ethyl Alcohol + Alcoholic Chlorhexidine were tested on the group CSAAC.
Cultures were performed in the Mannitol and EMB (Eosin Methylene Blue) media after being collected at the pre, post-skin preparation and end of the surgical procedure
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
170
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
-
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Minas Gerais
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Pouso Alegre, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 37.550-000
- Universidade do Vale do Sapucai
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Genders Eligible for Study
All
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- patients both males and females; older than 18 years old who will undergo orthopaedic surgical procedures;
Exclusion Criteria:
- patients who do not follow the medical guidelines; that are non-collaborative and / or do not sign the terms of consent.
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Active Comparator: CSAAC group
The CSAAC group (chlorhexidine-based soap + ethyl alcohol + alcoholic chlorhexidine): skin preparation process with 4% chlorhexidine-based soap for a period of 5 minutes, followed by a sterile and soaked with 70% alcohol compress.
After removing the chlorhexidine-based soap excess, antisepsis was performed with alcoholic chlorhexidine and surgical drapes and gowns.
Cultures were performed in the mannitol and EMB (Eosin Methylene Blue) media after being collected at the pre-skin preparation, post-skin preparation process and end of the surgical procedure.
|
Skin preparation with 4% chlorhexidine-based soap for a period of 5 minutes, followed by a sterile and soaked with 70% alcohol compress.
After removing the chlorhexidine-based soap excess, antisepsis was performed with alcoholic chlorhexidine and surgical drapes and gowns.
Other Names:
Skin preparation with 4% chlorhexidine-based soap for a period of 5 minutes and the of a simple, dry and sterile compress to remove the excess.
After removing the excess, antisepsis was performed with alcoholic chlorhexidine and surgical drapes and gowns.
Other Names:
|
Active Comparator: CSAC group
The CSAC group (chlorhexidine-based soap + alcoholic chlorhexidine): skin preparation process with 4% chlorhexidine-based soap for a period of 5 minutes and the of a simple, dry and sterile compress to remove the excess.
After removing the excess, antisepsis was performed with alcoholic chlorhexidine and surgical drapes and gowns.
Cultures were performed in the mannitol and EMB media after being collected at the pre-skin preparation, post-skin preparation process and end of the surgical procedure.
|
Skin preparation with 4% chlorhexidine-based soap for a period of 5 minutes, followed by a sterile and soaked with 70% alcohol compress.
After removing the chlorhexidine-based soap excess, antisepsis was performed with alcoholic chlorhexidine and surgical drapes and gowns.
Other Names:
Skin preparation with 4% chlorhexidine-based soap for a period of 5 minutes and the of a simple, dry and sterile compress to remove the excess.
After removing the excess, antisepsis was performed with alcoholic chlorhexidine and surgical drapes and gowns.
Other Names:
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Incidence of bacterial skin colonization
Time Frame: about 6 hours
|
Skin culture
|
about 6 hours
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Eugenio C Mendes, MD, Universidade do Vale do Sapucai
Publications and helpful links
The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.
General Publications
- Segal CG, Anderson JJ. Preoperative skin preparation of cardiac patients. AORN J. 2002 Nov;76(5):821-8. doi: 10.1016/s0001-2092(06)61035-1.
- Roy-Camille R, Saillant G, Mazel C. Internal fixation of the lumbar spine with pedicle screw plating. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 1986 Feb;(203):7-17.
- Vioreanu M, Dudeney S, Hurson B, Kelly E, O'Rourke K, Quinlan W. Early mobilization in a removable cast compared with immobilization in a cast after operative treatment of ankle fractures: a prospective randomized study. Foot Ankle Int. 2007 Jan;28(1):13-9. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2007.0003.
- Glassman SD, Dimar JR, Puno RM, Johnson JR. Salvage of instrumental lumbar fusions complicated by surgical wound infection. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1996 Sep 15;21(18):2163-9. doi: 10.1097/00007632-199609150-00021.
- Levi AD, Dickman CA, Sonntag VK. Management of postoperative infections after spinal instrumentation. J Neurosurg. 1997 Jun;86(6):975-80. doi: 10.3171/jns.1997.86.6.0975.
- Lee I, Agarwal RK, Lee BY, Fishman NO, Umscheid CA. Systematic review and cost analysis comparing use of chlorhexidine with use of iodine for preoperative skin antisepsis to prevent surgical site infection. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2010 Dec;31(12):1219-29. doi: 10.1086/657134. Epub 2010 Oct 22.
- Saltzman MD, Nuber GW, Gryzlo SM, Marecek GS, Koh JL. Efficacy of surgical preparation solutions in shoulder surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2009 Aug;91(8):1949-53. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.H.00768.
- Mears SC, Dinah AF, Knight TA, Frassica FJ, Belkoff SM. Visibility of surgical site marking after preoperative skin preparation. Eplasty. 2008 Jul 16;8:e35.
- Savage JW, Anderson PA. An update on modifiable factors to reduce the risk of surgical site infections. Spine J. 2013 Sep;13(9):1017-29. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2013.03.051. Epub 2013 May 24.
- Bohl DD, Ondeck NT, Darrith B, Hannon CP, Fillingham YA, Della Valle CJ. Impact of Operative Time on Adverse Events Following Primary Total Joint Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2018 Jul;33(7):2256-2262.e4. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.02.037. Epub 2018 Feb 17.
- Capen DA, Calderone RR, Green A. Perioperative risk factors for wound infections after lower back fusions. Orthop Clin North Am. 1996 Jan;27(1):83-6.
- Charles D, Heal CF, Delpachitra M, Wohlfahrt M, Kimber D, Sullivan J, Browning S, Saednia S, Hardy A, Banks J, Buttner P. Alcoholic versus aqueous chlorhexidine for skin antisepsis: the AVALANCHE trial. CMAJ. 2017 Aug 8;189(31):E1008-E1016. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.161460.
- Cheng H, Chen BP, Soleas IM, Ferko NC, Cameron CG, Hinoul P. Prolonged Operative Duration Increases Risk of Surgical Site Infections: A Systematic Review. Surg Infect (Larchmt). 2017 Aug/Sep;18(6):722-735. doi: 10.1089/sur.2017.089.
- Dicks KV, Baker AW, Durkin MJ, Anderson DJ, Moehring RW, Chen LF, Sexton DJ, Weber DJ, Lewis SS. Short Operative Duration and Surgical Site Infection Risk in Hip and Knee Arthroplasty Procedures. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol. 2015 Dec;36(12):1431-6. doi: 10.1017/ice.2015.222. Epub 2015 Sep 22.
- Drakos MC, Murphy CI. Bracing versus casting in ankle fractures. Phys Sportsmed. 2014 Nov;42(4):60-70. doi: 10.3810/psm.2014.11.2092.
- Duchman KR, Pugely AJ, Martin CT, Gao Y, Bedard NA, Callaghan JJ. Operative Time Affects Short-Term Complications in Total Joint Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2017 Apr;32(4):1285-1291. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2016.12.003. Epub 2016 Dec 14.
- Ellenhorn JD, Smith DD, Schwarz RE, Kawachi MH, Wilson TG, McGonigle KF, Wagman LD, Paz IB. Paint-only is equivalent to scrub-and-paint in preoperative preparation of abdominal surgery sites. J Am Coll Surg. 2005 Nov;201(5):737-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2005.05.023. Epub 2005 Aug 31.
- George J, Klika AK, Higuera CA. Use of Chlorhexidine Preparations in Total Joint Arthroplasty. J Bone Jt Infect. 2017 Jan 1;2(1):15-22. doi: 10.7150/jbji.16934. eCollection 2017.
- Hosseini P, Mundis GM Jr, Eastlack R, Nourian A, Pawelek J, Nguyen S, Akbarnia BA. Do Longer Surgical Procedures Result in Greater Contamination of Surgeons' Hands? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 Jul;474(7):1707-13. doi: 10.1007/s11999-016-4832-1. Epub 2016 Apr 18.
- Houang ET, Buckley R, Smith M, O'Riordan SM. Survival of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in plaster of Paris. J Hosp Infect. 1981 Sep;2(3):231-5. doi: 10.1016/0195-6701(81)90042-6. No abstract available.
- Kamel C, McGahan L, Mierzwinski-Urban M, Embil J. Preoperative Skin Antiseptic Preparations and Application Techniques for Preventing Surgical Site Infections: A Systematic Review of the Clinical Evidence and Guidelines [Internet]. Ottawa (ON): Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health; 2011 Jun. Available from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK174549/
- Martinez J, Macias JH, Arreguin V, Alvarez JA, Macias AE, Mosqueda-Gomez JL. Isopropyl alcohol is as efficient as chlorhexidine to prevent contamination of blood cultures. Am J Infect Control. 2017 Apr 1;45(4):350-353. doi: 10.1016/j.ajic.2016.11.027. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
- Ovaska MT, Makinen TJ, Madanat R, Huotari K, Vahlberg T, Hirvensalo E, Lindahl J. Risk factors for deep surgical site infection following operative treatment of ankle fractures. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013 Feb 20;95(4):348-53. doi: 10.2106/JBJS.K.01672.
- Peel TN, Cheng AC, Buising KL, Dowsey MM, Choong PF. Alcoholic Chlorhexidine or Alcoholic Iodine Skin Antisepsis (ACAISA): protocol for cluster randomised controlled trial of surgical skin preparation for the prevention of superficial wound complications in prosthetic hip and knee replacement surgery. BMJ Open. 2014 May 15;4(5):e005424. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-005424.
- Prottey C, Pryce NG. Hand cleansing and skin condition. A comparison of conventional soap washing and the use of alcohol-impregnated paper cloths. Int J Cosmet Sci. 1987 Apr;9(2):53-8. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-2494.1987.tb00462.x.
- Reichel M, Heisig P, Kohlmann T, Kampf G. Alcohols for skin antisepsis at clinically relevant skin sites. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2009 Nov;53(11):4778-82. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00582-09. Epub 2009 Sep 8.
- Ridgeway S, Wilson J, Charlet A, Kafatos G, Pearson A, Coello R. Infection of the surgical site after arthroplasty of the hip. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2005 Jun;87(6):844-50. doi: 10.1302/0301-620X.87B6.15121.
- Schepers T, De Vries MR, Van Lieshout EM, Van der Elst M. The timing of ankle fracture surgery and the effect on infectious complications; a case series and systematic review of the literature. Int Orthop. 2013 Mar;37(3):489-94. doi: 10.1007/s00264-012-1753-9. Epub 2013 Jan 4.
- Veiga DF, Damasceno CAV, Veiga-Filho J, Figueiras RG, Vieira RB, Florenzano FH, Juliano Y, Ferreira LM. Povidone iodine versus chlorhexidine in skin antisepsis before elective plastic surgery procedures: a randomized controlled trial. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2008 Nov;122(5):170e-171e. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0b013e318186cd7f. No abstract available.
- Weed S, Bastek JA, Sammel MD, Beshara M, Hoffman S, Srinivas SK. Comparing postcesarean infectious complication rates using two different skin preparations. Obstet Gynecol. 2011 May;117(5):1123-1129. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182118e98.
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
June 30, 2017
Primary Completion (Actual)
November 7, 2017
Study Completion (Actual)
November 7, 2017
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
April 8, 2018
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
June 8, 2018
First Posted (Actual)
June 11, 2018
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
June 11, 2018
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
June 8, 2018
Last Verified
May 1, 2018
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- Surgical Site Infection
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
NO
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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