Endarterectomy vs Stenting in Chinese Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Patients (ESCALATE)

Endarterectomy vs Stenting in Chinese Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis Patients: Prospective, Multiple Center, Randomized Controlled Trail

Endarterectomy vs Stenting Asymptomatic Carotid stenosis patients to verify the efficacy and safety.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Carotid Stenosis
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Carotid Artery Stenting; Procedure: Carotid Endarterectomy

Detailed Description

Endarterectomy vs Stenting Asymptomatic Carotid stenosis patients to verify the efficacy and safety.Study Design is a prospective, multiple center, randomized controlled trail.600 cases enrollment predict，each group including carotid artery stenting and carotid endarterectomy 300 cases.Follow-up period of 2 years.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 600
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: YongQuan Gu YQ Gu, Prof.; Phone Number: +8615901598209; Email: guyongquan@xwhosp.org
• Study Contact Backup: Name: JianMing Guo JM Guo; Phone Number: +8613146369562; Email: guojianming@aliyun.com

Study Locations

• China
  • Beijing, China, 100000
    • Not yet recruiting
    • Sino-Japanese Friendship Hospital
    • Contact: Peng Liu P Liu, Prof.; Phone Number: +8613701333388
    • Contact: ZhiDong Ye ZD Ye; Phone Number: +8613910682488
  • Shanghai, China, 200000
    • Recruiting
    • Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University
    • Contact: DaQiao Guo DQ Guo, Prof.; Phone Number: +8613801785258
  • Shanghai, China, 200000
    • Recruiting
    • Shanghai Changhai Hospital
    • Contact: ZhiQing Zhao ZQ Zhao, Prof.; Phone Number: +8613301617866
  • Shanghai, China, 200000
    • Not yet recruiting
    • Shanghai Changzheng Hospital
    • Contact: LeFeng Qu LF Qu, Prof.; Phone Number: +8618616505267
  • Xi'an, China, 710000
    • Recruiting
    • The first affiliated Hospital of Xi ' an Jiaotong University
    • Contact: JianLin Liu JL Liu, Prof.; Phone Number: +8613709250539
  • Zhengzhou, China, 450000
    • Recruiting
    • The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
    • Contact: Zhen Li Z Li, Prof.; Phone Number: +8618303710000

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 50 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Clinical Criteria

1. Age≥50 years，sex unlimited；
2. Asymptomatic carotid stenosis ，ie no transient ischemic attack、stroke or other related neurological symptom caused by carotid stenosis in the past 6 months.(Only the clinical manifestations of dizziness or mild headache are considered asymptomatic carotid stenosis.)；

3. The patient understands the trial objective，understands and accepts the duration of the study，is able and willing to comply with all requirements，including follow-up and evaluation of it, voluntarily participates in the study and signs Informed Consent Form.

   Anatomy Criteria

4. Internal carotid artery independent disease.（ Involving or not involving adjacent common carotid arteries is permitted.）；

5. Carotid stenosis satisfies one of the following criteria ：

   1. Ultrasonography suggests stenosis ≥ 70%，or angiography showed stenosis ≥ 60%；
   2. Ultrasonography suggests stenosis < 70%，but angiography or other examination showed stenosis in an unstable state；
6. Patients with bilateral carotid stenosis, the treatment time for target vessel contralateral vessels is required 30 days before enrollment or 30 days after completion of study procedure；
7. The stent can reach the site of lesion smoothly as expected.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Clinical Criteria

  1. Patients with progressive stroke in the past 3 months or recent (Within 7 days)， CT or MRI suggested that the lesion is large，and may be with the risk of hemorrhagic transformation；
  2. Patients with anesthesia contraindications；
  3. Serious ipsilateral stroke occurred in the past and may confuse the judgment of the study endpoint；
  4. Patients with severe dementia；
  5. Patients with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage in the past 12 months；
  6. Large size of cerebral infarction or myocardial infarction occurred within 30 days ；
  7. Patients with large intracranial aneurysms (diameter> 5mm)，and cannot be treated in advance or contemporaneous；
  8. Chronic total occlusion without obvious cerebral ischemia symptoms；
  9. Hemoglobin <100 g/l， Platelet count <125×109/L， INR>1.5， Bleeding time > 1 min，patients with exceeding the upper limits of normal，or heparin-related thrombocytopenia；
  10. Patients unable to perform normal angiographic evaluation or unsafe percutaneous puncture point；
  11. Patients with neurologic disorder that caused transient or permanent neurological deficits within 2 years before the surgery and can not be identified with transient ischemic attack or stroke；
  12. Patients with other cardiac emboli sources, such as left ventricular aneurysm, intraluminal filling defect, cardiomyopathy, aortic or mitral prosthetic heart valve, calcific aortic stenosis, infective endocarditis, mitral stenosis, atrial septal defect, atrial septal aneurysm, or left atrial myxoma；
  13. Recent gastrointestinal bleeding and affects antiplatelet therapy；
  14. Surgical contraindications or patients with high risk of surgery defined as having any of the following： It is known that two or more proximal or main coronary artery stenosis ≥70%, untreated or unable to pass； Ejection fraction <30% or New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class III or higher； Unstable angina，ie angina at resting state and electrocardiogram changes； Currently waiting main organ transplants (ie heart, lung, liver, kidney), or are doing relevant evaluate； Malignant tumor or respiratory insufficiency, life expectancy < 5 years or forced expiratory volume at one second < 30% (predicted)； Dialysis-dependent renal failure； Poor control of diabetes, fasting blood glucose >22mmol/L and ketone body > +2； Need to perform other general anesthesia during the same period；
  15. There may be one or more anatomical conditions affecting the normal operative approach in patients with contraindications for carotid endarterectomy operation； there may be one or more anatomic situations to increase the risk of adverse events in patients with high operative risk；including： Neck radiation therapy history； Radical neck surgery history； Inoperable lesions (ie more than C2 lesions)； Spinal brake - unable to bend neck, or kyphotic deformity； Symptomatic dissection of the carotid siphon below； Common carotid artery opening lesion；present tracheotomy； Contralateral recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis； Previously performed ipsilateral carotid endarterectomy，intracranial or subclavian arterial bypass surgery； Contralateral carotid artery occlusion； Lesions series； Severe long segment calcification of the carotid artery； Inaccessible lesions by endoluminal methods (Severe distortion of the aortic arch branch, no suitable introduction of arteries, aortic arch anatomy special）；
  16. Investigators consider the patient inappropriate to participate in this clinical trial；

  17. Those who participated in clinical trials of other drugs or medical devices before the inclusion did not reach the end of the time limit.

      Angiography criteria

  18. Severe vascular tortuosity, or anatomical conditions may affect the safe locomotion of guide catheter, guide sheath or stent；
  19. Patients with ipsilateral carotid artery stenting or having a graft；
  20. Patients with severe or extensive arteriosclerosis, involving the aortic arch and the proximal common carotid artery, causing locomotion danger of guide catheter or guide sheath；
  21. Carotid endarterectomy contraindications by angiography：severity of intracranial or extracranial arterial stenosis that exceeds target lesions; cerebrovascular arteriovenous malformations; or other contraindications;
  22. Patients with contralateral carotid artery stenosis, are expected to be performed within 30 days of the perioperative period of the study；
  23. Occlusion.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Carotid Artery Stenting group; Carotid Artery Stenting	Procedure: Carotid Artery Stenting; Carotid Artery Stenting
Active Comparator: Carotid Endarterectomy group; Carotid Endarterectomy	Procedure: Carotid Endarterectomy; Carotid Endarterectomy

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of composite endpoints of myocardial infarction, stroke, and any death	Incidence of composite endpoints of myocardial infarction, stroke, and any death at 30 days follow up	30 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Surgery success rate	Surgery success rate	1 day
Rate of complications	Rate of complications within 30 days, complications include：Cranial nerve and peripheral nerve injury, vascular injury, non cerebral hemorrhage, wound complications as neck incision or related to puncture site, and other (such as anesthesia) complications；	30 days
Incidence of myocardial infarction	Incidence of myocardial infarction at 30 days follow up;	30 days
Incidence of Ipsilateral stroke	Incidence of Ipsilateral stroke at 30 days follow up;	30 days
Incidence of Bilateral stroke	Incidence of Bilateral stroke at 30 days follow up；	30 days
Incidence of ipsilateral stroke	Incidence of ipsilateral stroke at 12 months follow up；	12 months
Carotid restenosis rate	Carotid restenosis rate at 12、24 months follow up；	12、24 months
Incidence of target lesion revascularization	Incidence of target lesion revascularization at 6、12、24 months follow up；	6、12、24 months
Incidence of composite endpoints of myocardial infarction, stroke, and any death	Incidence of composite endpoints of myocardial infarction, stroke, and any death at 6、12、24 months follow up；	6、12、24 months
Incidence of major stroke and minor stroke	Incidence of major stroke and minor stroke at 6、12、24 months follow up；	6、12、24 months
Surgical time	Surgical time	Through hospital stay，an average of 10days
Hospitalization days	Hospitalization days	Through hospital stay，an average of 10days
Hospitalization fees	Hospitalization fees	Through hospital stay，an average of 10days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing
• Collaborators: Shanghai Zhongshan Hospital; First Affiliated Hospital Xi'an Jiaotong University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University; China-Japan Friendship Hospital; Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Changzheng Hospital
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: YongQuan Gu YQ Gu, Prof., Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Giles MF, Rothwell PM. Risk of stroke early after transient ischaemic attack: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol. 2007 Dec;6(12):1063-72. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(07)70274-0. Epub 2007 Nov 13.
• North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators, Barnett HJM, Taylor DW, Haynes RB, Sackett DL, Peerless SJ, Ferguson GG, Fox AJ, Rankin RN, Hachinski VC, Wiebers DO, Eliasziw M. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med. 1991 Aug 15;325(7):445-53. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199108153250701.
• MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial: interim results for symptomatic patients with severe (70-99%) or with mild (0-29%) carotid stenosis. European Carotid Surgery Trialists' Collaborative Group. Lancet. 1991 May 25;337(8752):1235-43.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 30, 2018
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): May 1, 2019
• Study Completion (Anticipated): April 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 6, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 8, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): November 9, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 9, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 8, 2018
• Last Verified: November 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Carotid Artery Diseases; Carotid Stenosis; Constriction, Pathologic
• Other Study ID Numbers: china carotid

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No