Tai Chi Exercises on Physical Activity and Pulmonary Function in CABG

August 7, 2019 updated by: Riphah International University

The Effect of Tai Chi Exercises on Physical Activity and Pulmonary Function In Patients With Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

To improve the cardiopulmonary endurance in Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) patients. Internationally in cardiac hospital facility of cardiac rehabilitation is available to improve the patient's physical activity and decrease the list of secondary complications. But in Pakistan ideal phase II cardiac rehabilitation is limited available in limited hospitals due to cost issues and limited resources for monitoring during exercise. A Randomized control trail Study was conducted in Armed force institute of cardiology (AFIC) Rawalpindi. The Total sample size was 74 post (CABG). The aim of study was to influence of Tai chai on coronary artery bypass surgery patients.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Coronary blood vessel disease is a disease of vessels supplying the muscles of the heart. Heart attack is generally acute condition and mainly produced by an obstruction, that stop the blood supply to the heart. Coronary artery diseases can be progressive or non-progressive. Physical activity or exercise is necessary for all the healthy individuals to prevent the risk of diseases and maintained health status. Physical exercise often varies from physical activity by animation more measured in relations of intensity and period, while physical activity studies tend to integrate an enormous diversity of unspecified activities. Physical activity or exercise is used as conservative treatment of coronary artery diseases as a cardiac rehabilitation. Cardiac rehabilitation gives positive effect on patient's conditions by the exercise training program. Exercise may improve the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2 max) and repetitive capacity or capability to maintain physical activity for long periods of time. Exercise have multiple benefits on improving endothelial function, myocardial stream replacement decreasing smoking, body mass, plasma fats and blood pressure. Guided work out or exercise may decrease the development of coronary atherosclerosis. Different types of Aerobic exercises are the part of cardiac rehabilitation, start at very early in patients with coronary artery bypass grafting. Aerobic exercises may improve the maintenance of functional capacity and muscular strength but it shows no impact on pulmonary function and respiratory muscle strength. Aerobic exercises are perform in different ways some of them are in the form of intervals and some are continues. Studies shows that Four weeks of intense training increased VO2 peak significantly after both aerobic interval training and moderate continues training, but After 6 months only aerobic interval training gives high peak oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). It shows that both training have similarly effects in the tiny tenure and in extensive tenure only effect aerobic interval training.

The most common aerobic exercises are perform at Treadmill and bicycle in cardiac rehabilitation program. Studies shows that Treadmill aerobic working out progresses both functional mobility and circulatory appropriateness in patients with chronic (CABG) and is more operational than reference rehabilitation reciprocated to conventional care. Now a day Tai chi is used in all over the world for health and defense or protection. Tai chi is a fighting art it is used in defense and health related fitness it is appropriate conditioning exercise for elder people. In health related benefits Yang Tai chi are most commonly practiced worldwide. Tai chi exercises are also practiced in rehabilitation department to gain the balance, coordination, endurance and physical activity in patients with stroke and coronary artery bypass grafting most commonly.

Consistent aerobic workout and lifestyle modification are imperative for preventing and treating high blood pressure. For individuals with hypertension

,The American College of Sports Medicine recommends the following exercise guidelines like frequency: aerobic exercise most preferably all days of a week; resistance exercise 2-3 days per week. Intensity of exercise must be moderate intensity aerobic and resistance exercise. Time of exercise must be 30-60 minutes for every day of aerobic implementation while resistance working out at least one set of 8-12 reiterations for each of the main muscle groups. Studies shows that Tai Chi gives positive effects on blood pressure. Tai Chi training may reduce the systolic and diastolic blood pressure in patients with HTN. Tai chi also reduce the systolic as well as diastolic in normal healthy individuals.

Young DR, conducted a study with the title of "The properties of aerobic workout and Tai Chi on blood pressure in older individuals" and they concluded that the programs of low and modest concentration workout have the same effects on blood pressure in elderly patients.

Stroke is a common root of expiry in ageing population it is due to atherosclerosis are hemorrhagic in the minor or intermediate vessels of the brain. In such kind of patient significant reduction in quality of life, neurological discrepancies and deficiency of intellectual function.It reported that stroke patients increasing peak oxygen acceptance and walking distance by workout. Cerebrovascular accident patients frequently have compromised equilibrium and motor function, thus Tai Chi training program can be used in rehabilitation of stroke. A study in elderly subjects on Tai chi, balancing exercise and workout instruction groups. After four months of physical activity the follow up evaluation illustrate that only Tai Chi subjects informed that their daily activities and their whole life had been exaggerated. The result demonstrates that in women emotional as well as physical control is supposed to be improved in sense of enhancement in overall well-being and inspiration to continue physical training also rises.

Effectiveness of Tai Chi, brisk hiking, meditation and reading in reducing psychological and emotional stress in 1992 and calculated that Tai Chi activities are used to decrease mental stress or disorder it is advantageous to quit smoking, drinking and other life threatening obsessions also. For the reason that Tai Chi is also used as to enlarge psychological well being and mental sickness.

Another study concluded that Tai Chi trainings are an aerobic movements it is very supportive for different age and gender, it also increase functional capability of the participants.

There was a research gap in previous study Tai chi training was done after phase II cardiac rehabilitation and duration of training was 6 months to 1 year. In current study we analyze Effect of Tai chi exercise on physical activity, pulmonary function and the rate of perceived exertion after exercise in patients with cardiovascular bypass surgeries in phase II cardiac rehabilitation.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

74

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Federal
      • Islamabad, Federal, Pakistan, 44000
        • Riphah International University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

40 years to 60 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • post-operative CABG patients,
  • Ejection fraction >40% were included

Exclusion Criteria:

  • 2,3,4 scale of angina,
  • unstable congestive heart failure,
  • Substantial myocardial ischemia,
  • Cardiac arrhythmias,
  • Reopen chest after surgery,
  • Uncontrolled diabetes and hypertension

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Aerobic Exercises
Bicycling Exercise (lower Limb)
Other: Aerobic Exercises
5 to 10 min warm up exercises than 30min bicycle exercise and 5 to 10 min cool down exercises
Experimental: Tai Chi Exercises
Tai Chi Exercises (yang 24 Postures)
Other: Tai Chi Exercises
5 to 10 min warm up exercises and 30 min Tai Chi exercises and than than 5 to 10 min cool down exercises.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline, forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) in liters will be measured through Digital spirometer
6 weeks
Forced vital capacity (FVC)
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline, forced vital capacity (FVC) in liters will be measured through Digital spirometer
6 weeks
Peak expiratory flow (PEF).
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline, Peak expiratory flow (PEF) in Liters/seconds will be measured through Digital spirometer
6 weeks
International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ)
Time Frame: 6 weeks

Changes from Baseline, (IPAQ) It is recommended that activity bouts of greater than 3 hours are truncated. That is to say that a bout cannot be longer than 3 hours (180 minutes). This means that in each category a maximum of 21 hours of activity are permitted a week (3 hours X 7 days) To calculate metabolic equivalent (MET) minutes a week multiply the MET value given (remember walking = 3.3, moderate activity = 4, vigorous activity = 8) by the minutes the activity was carried out and again by the number of days that that activity was undertaken. For example if someone reports walking for 30 minutes 5 days a week then the total MET minutes for that activity are 3.3 X 30 X 5=495 Met minutes a week.

You can add the MET minutes achieved in each category (walking, moderate activity and vigorous activity) to get total MET minutes of physical activity a week.
6 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Modified Borg's rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale
Time Frame: 6 weeks
(RPE) Scale - Modified BORG scale. Grading scale for fatigue and endurance. 0. At rest. 1. Very easy. 2. Somewhat easy. 3. Moderate. 4. Somewhat hard. 5. Hard 7 very Hard and 10 very, very hard
6 weeks
Heart Rate
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline; Heart Rate (beats per minute)
6 weeks
Oxygen Saturation (SPO2)
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline; Saturation in Percentage
6 weeks
Blood Pressure
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline; Blood Pressure in (mmHg)
6 weeks
Heart Rate Reserve
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline; Heart Rate Reserve beat per minute
6 weeks
Respiratory Rate
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Changes from the Baseline; Respiratory Rate breath per minute
6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

February 20, 2018

Primary Completion (Actual)

June 20, 2018

Study Completion (Actual)

July 5, 2018

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 8, 2019

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 26, 2019

First Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2019

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

August 8, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 7, 2019

Last Verified

August 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • RiphahIU Maria Razzaq

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

No

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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