Effect Mode of Delivery and Feeding on Body Composition and Nutritional Status of Children

April 1, 2019 updated by: MR Rassmy, Assiut University

Nutritional Status and Body Composition of Children in Relation to Mode of Delivery and Feeding in the First 2 Years of Life

  • Feeding and growth during infancy have been associated with later life body mass index.
  • Breastfeeding seems to have a small but consistent protective effect against obesity in children.
  • The Cholesterol content of human milk is 6-fold greater than that of the standard infant formulas.
  • Infants delivered by caesarean section may be at increased risk of childhood obesity and adulthood obesity.

Study Overview

Status

Unknown

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

  • Previous guidelines recommended that infants who are exclusively breast fed for the first 6 months of life, with particular solid foods gradually introduced from 6 months associated with lower childhood fat mass.
  • The stated reason for discouraging introduction of solids to infant before 4 months include the risk of excessive weight gain, vulnerability of the gut to infection and increased susceptibility to the development of allergic disease.
  • Infants whose dietary pattern was most similar to feeding guidelines, with high frequencies of fresh fruit and vegetables, home prepared foods and breast milk, gained weight and skin fold thickness more rapidly from 6 to12 months than other infants, independent of milk feeding, age of introduction of solids and maternal factors.
  • Exclusively breastfed infants had significantly higher Total Cholesterol (TC) level and Low density Lipoprotein level (LDL) and lower High density lipoprotein level (HDL) as compared to mixed-fed infants in the first 6 months of life.
  • Exclusive breast feeding seems to have a protective effect against some risk factors for cardiovascular disease in later life, as those who exclusively breastfed had lower level of plasma low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol conc., higher level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) and lower LDL/HDL ratio than those bottle fed.
  • Early weaning is related to rapid weight gain in infancy, and this may have implication for childhood obesity.
  • Vaginally delivered children are colonised with bacterial strains from the mothers' vagina during delivery in contrast to children delivered by CS, and these differences seem to persist throughout infancy.
  • The gut microbiota may have a role in energy harvesting, hence inoculation with maternal microbiota through vaginal delivery may be protective for childhood overweight compared with delivery by CS.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Anticipated)

100

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

2 years to 3 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

From out patient clinic

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Infants of both sexes
  • Infants from 2 to 3 years
  • Breast fed or formula fed or mixed fed infants

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children less than 2 and more than 3 years ago.
  • Children having family history of chronic illness
  • Children having family history of metabolic
  • Children fed cow milk or buffalo milk.
  • Infants delivered preterm.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Case-Only
  • Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Breast fed infants
Device: Anthropometric measures
Measure body weight , height , chest circumference , mid upper arm circumference,skin fold thickness , head circumference
Formula fed infants
Device: Anthropometric measures
Measure body weight , height , chest circumference , mid upper arm circumference,skin fold thickness , head circumference
vaginally delivered infants
Device: Anthropometric measures
Measure body weight , height , chest circumference , mid upper arm circumference,skin fold thickness , head circumference
Infants delivered by caesarean section
Device: Anthropometric measures
Measure body weight , height , chest circumference , mid upper arm circumference,skin fold thickness , head circumference

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Obesity
Time Frame: Through one year
Body mass index (BMI) kg/m2
Through one year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Assiut University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Anticipated)

June 1, 2019

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

March 1, 2021

Study Completion (Anticipated)

October 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 21, 2019

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 1, 2019

First Posted (Actual)

April 3, 2019

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

April 3, 2019

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 1, 2019

Last Verified

April 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • Delivery,feeding,child obesity

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

Undecided

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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