Directed Imagery Technique Applied to Patients Undergoing Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery

The Effect of Directed Imagery Technique Applied to Patients Who Have Had Lumbar Disc Herniation Surgery on Patients' Pain, Anxiety, and Sleep Levels: A Randomized Controlled Study

The Directed Imagery technique (YIT) is a set of stories that people create by first giving relaxation exercises and then visualizing the symbols given by the practitioner. Guided imagery is based on the understanding that the body and mind are interconnected and that the mind can affect the body. In directed imagery, the person's thoughts and imagination are focused and directed to a specific goal by the practitioner, usually through a sound recording. The directed imagery technique can be effective in solving problems such as pain, stress, fatigue, and anxiety in nursing care.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Nurse-Patient Relations; Intervertebral Disc Disorder Lumbar With Radiculopathy; Surgical or Other Invasive Procedure on Wrong Patient
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Directed Imagery Technique

Detailed Description

1. Patients in the control group; Nursing care will be applied according to the routine care protocol of the clinic where the research was conducted.
2. Patients in the experimental group; In addition to the nursing care given according to the routine care protocol of the clinic where the research was conducted, the "imagery method" will be applied four times in total, once before the operation, once on the 1st day, 2nd day and 3rd day after the operation. It will be ensured that the patients to be imaged are in the supine or semifawler position in a comfortable way and listen to the audio recording with headphones.

Before the application, the patient will be told to listen to the audio recording with headphones at the most convenient time of the day for him, in an environment where he will not be disturbed by others, by putting his phone in airplane mode, after giving advance notice to avoid disturbing family members. Headphones will be provided for each patient by the researcher. In the first meeting, the voice recordings will be transferred to the phones of the individuals via the phone in the Neurosurgery Service. Communication with the patient will be provided in accordance with the pandemic rules. In the preoperative period, "Descriptive Information Form", "Operation-Specific Anxiety Scale", "Richard-Campbell Sleep Scale", "Visual Analog Scale (VAS)", "State Anxiety Scale" will be applied to the experimental and control groups before imagery is performed. After the interventions applied to the experimental group are completed, the scales will be re-administered to the individuals in the experimental and control groups.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Kayseri, Turkey, 38030
    • Eda Albayrak

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Those who will undergo lumbar disc hernia surgery
2. Compliant with ASA 1 and 2 classification
3. Preoperative hospitalizations
4. Patients without cognitive clouding
5. Patients who can speak Turkish
6. Patients without hearing and vision problems will be included in the study.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Those over the age of eighty or under the age of 18
2. Having a psychiatric disease and using medication
3. Having trouble sleeping and taking medication
4. Those who are classified as ASA 3 and above,
5. Those who have laparoscopic surgery,
6. Those with chronic pain, alcohol, drug and substance addiction,
7. Oncological cases,
8. Those with hearing, vision, speech and cognitive dysfunction,
9. Those who do not speak Turkish,
10. People with high anxiety who use anxiolytics
11. Patients who do not accept the procedure will not be included in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: İmaginary group; Expert opinion for the scenario will be taken from a psychologist and a psychiatric nurse. The flow of the script; It will start with breathing exercises and continue with the safe place application, after affirming the functionality that is said while in a safe place in the mind, it will be in the form of waking up by turning to the body and returning to the present. Headphones will be provided for each patient by the researcher. In the first meeting, the voice recordings will be transferred to the phones of the individuals via the phone in the Neurosurgery Service. Communication with the patient will be provided in accordance with the pandemic rules. The audio recording will be played twice, in the evening before the operation and on the evening of the operation day.	Behavioral: Directed Imagery Technique; The sound recording will include a soothing light background music for approximately 30 minutes. Imagination will be practiced, starting with the patient's focusing his/her attention on his/her breath, relaxation, and relaxation with the suggestions given in the recording with the accompaniment of relaxing music.
No Intervention: Control group; In the routine care applied to the patients, the vitals of the patients are followed, drug treatments are administered and the motor functions of the patients are monitored. In addition, analgesics are routinely administered in the ward for pain and no attempt is made for sleep.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Preoperative Anxiety Scale	The range of scores that can be taken from the scale is 10-50 points, and high scores reflect high anxiety.	Change: [Time Frame: 3 days: Preoperative assessment (Time 1), morning of surgery day (Time 2)]
Richards Campbell Sleep Scale	Each item is evaluated on a chart between 0 and 100 using the visual analog scale technique. A score of "0-25" from the scale indicates "very bad sleep" and a score of "76-100" indicates "very good sleep".	Change: [Time Frame: 3 days: Preoperative assessment (Time 1), morning of the day of surgery (Duration 2), postoperative (Duration 3)
Visual Analog Scale (VAS)	"0" describes no pain, "100" describes the most unbearable pain. A score of "0-30" indicates mild pain, a score of "31-60" indicates moderate pain, and a score of "61 and above" indicates severe pain.	Change: [Time Frame: 3 days: Preoperative assessment (Time 1), morning of the day of surgery (Duration 2), postoperative (Duration 3)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: TC Erciyes University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Eda Albayrak, TC Erciyes University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 8, 2022
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): May 1, 2022
• Study Completion (Anticipated): June 1, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 9, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 11, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): March 16, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 16, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 11, 2022
• Last Verified: February 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Sleep; anxiety; Directed Imagery Technique; Herniated Disc; ache
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Neuromuscular Diseases; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Spinal Diseases; Bone Diseases; Hernia; Intervertebral Disc Displacement; Radiculopathy
• Other Study ID Numbers: ErciyesU-Albayrak-001

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No
• IPD Plan Description: There is not a plan to make IPD available.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No