Inter-observer Reliability of the TRiP(Cast) Score in Patients With Trauma to a Lower Limb Requiring Immobilisation (CCASTING)

Inter-observer Reliability of the Assessment of the Risk of Developing a Venous Thromboembolic Event, the TRiP(Cast) Score, in Patients With Trauma to a Lower Limb Requiring Immobilisation

The aim of the study isto evaluate the inter-observer reliability of the assessment of venous thromboembolic risk using the TRiP(cast) score in patients presenting with trauma to a lower limb requiring immobilisation, and of the clinicians' assessment using the physician's implicit probability (gestalt) compared with the use of the TRiP(cast) score.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Deep Vein Thrombosis; Venous Thromboembolism; Pulmonary Embolism; Thromboprophylaxis; Lower Limb Trauma; Immobilisation Syndrome
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Assessment of the TRiP(cast) score

Detailed Description

Trauma to the lower limbs requiring orthopedic immobilisation (plaster cast or splint) is a frequent reason for seeking emergency care. Because of the venous stasis caused by immobilisation, hypercoagulability and vascular lesions induced by the trauma, these patients are at risk of developing a venous thromboembolic event (VTE). This risk is estimated at around 2% (95% CI 1.3 to 2.7). To reduce the risk of thrombosis, preventive anticoagulants, mainly low molecular weight heparins (LMWH) and fondaparinux, have been shown to be beneficial. However, not all patients have the same thromboembolic risk factors. A targeted strategy should therefore be used to avoid prescribing treatment to low-risk patients and to prescribe it to the sub-group of patients at high risk. The TRiP(cast) score has been developed and validated for this purpose.

In the CASTING study (randomised stepped-wedge trial), patients not receiving thromboprophylaxis on the basis of a TRiP(cast) score <7 had a 3-month rate of symptomatic thromboembolic events of 0.70% (95% CI: 0.21-1.17). Use of the TRiP(cast) score reduced the rate of anticoagulation prescriptions by 26% (24.5% versus 50.4%) without increasing the rate of thromboembolic events at 3 months. Since this study, French recommendations concerning the prescription of anticoagulation treatments have been updated.

Since this study, French recommendations concerning the prescription of preventive anticoagulant treatment have been updated by the SFMU (French Society of Emergency Medicine) and the SFMV (French Society of Vascular Medicine). They were presented in June 2023 and are now applied in all emergency facilities. During the review for the publication of the CASTING study, it was discussed whether it would be useful to evaluate the reliability of this score.

However, the reliability of the measurement and the reproducibility of the score have never been assessed. Given the importance of assessing the risk of venous thromboembolism in patients with lower-limb trauma when deciding whether or not to prescribe thromboprophylaxis, this assessment is essential.

Although this score appears to be objective, there are still items where interpretation may be different. For example, the type of immobilisation cannot be transposed perfectly to all existing immobilisation methods. This study will also be carried out in other European countries. The types of immobilisation vary considerably from one country to another, and the interpretation of certain items could be different. The interpretation of patient characteristics may also vary.

Furthermore, this score has never been compared with the clinician's implicit "gestalt" probability, which is used to define patients at risk of venous thromboembolic events.

It is a real challenge when implementing scores to assess their added value compared with clinical intuition. The use of scores has an initial educational objective, but it is important to know whether clinical intuition would be sufficient to assess this venous thromboembolic risk.

The aim of the study is to evaluate the inter-observer reliability of the assessment of venous thromboembolic risk using the TRiP(cast) score in patients presenting with trauma to a lower limb requiring immobilisation, and of the clinicians' assessment using the physician's implicit probability (gestalt) compared with the use of the TRiP(cast) score.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 302

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Delphine DOUILLET; Phone Number: +33 (0)241353637; Email: Delphine.Douillet@chu-angers.fr

Study Locations

• France
  • Angers, France
    • Recruiting
    • DOUILLET Delphine
    • Contact: Delphine DOUILLET; Email: delphine.douillet@chu-angers.fr

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: N/A

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Emergency department patients

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Consultation in one of the emergency departments participating in the study,
• Isolated trauma to a lower limb,
• Rigid immobilisation (plaster or resin) or semi-rigid immobilisation for an expected duration of at least 7 days,
• Patient over 18 years of age,
• Patient affiliated to or benefiting from a social security scheme,
• Patients who have signed a prior informed consent form

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patient taking anticoagulant treatment at the time of the trauma,
• Trauma requiring hospitalisation for more than 48 hours,
• Pregnant, breast-feeding or parturient patients,
• Patient deprived of liberty by judicial or administrative decision,
• Patient under compulsory psychiatric care,
• Patient under legal protection,
• Patients unable to give their free and informed consent

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The primary aim is to assess the inter-observer reliability of venous thromboembolic risk assessment using the TRiP(cast) score in patients with lower limb trauma requiring immobilisation.	Outcome measure : The rate of agreement or "concordance" will be estimated by the Kappa coefficient.	Day 0

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University Hospital, Angers
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Delphine DOUILLET, University Hospital, Angers

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 16, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): May 20, 2025
• Study Completion (Estimated): December 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 6, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 10, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): May 16, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 17, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 16, 2024
• Last Verified: May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Lung Diseases; Embolism and Thrombosis; Embolism; Wounds and Injuries; Thrombosis; Venous Thrombosis; Thromboembolism; Venous Thromboembolism; Pulmonary Embolism
• Other Study ID Numbers: 24_0131

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No