- ICH GCP
- Registro degli studi clinici negli Stati Uniti
- Sperimentazione clinica NCT01377857
HIV Screening Take-up: Evaluating Incentives and Opt-out Strategies
13 maggio 2015 aggiornato da: University of California, San Francisco
Over twenty percent of HIV-positive persons in the United States are unaware of their infection, leading the Institute of Medicine to recently urge further work to compare the effectiveness of HIV screening strategies.
This study will use a randomized trial to compare several variants of emergency-room-based HIV-testing policies in order to determine how HIV test acceptance rates can be increased.
The testing policies will be designed using principles from behavioral economics, varying the choice architecture and offering small monetary incentives.
This will be the first study to measure differences in take-up rates across a variety of promising but largely untested approaches within a unified randomized trial.
Three defaults will be tested: traditional opt-in (test only those patients who request testing), opt-out (routinely testing unless patients decline), and active-choice testing (patients are required to state whether they want to be tested).
The study will also be the first to test the effect of small monetary incentives ($1, $5, $10) on test take-up.
An additional novel study contribution will be to test the hypothesis that compliance with large requests (accept an HIV test) increases after making a small request or pre-commitment - this "foot in the door" technique has not been previously studied in this setting.
The factorial design will permit a direct comparison of all interventions, as well as interactions.
The study will contribute a nuanced empirical understanding of how testing protocols from behavioral economics theory affect the effectiveness and efficiency of screening programs in an actual scaled- up setting (San Francisco General Hospital).
This will assist in implementing and assessing recent CDC guidelines on HIV screening, while also more generally advancing scientific knowledge related to applying behavioral economics in comparative effectiveness research.
Panoramica dello studio
Stato
Completato
Condizioni
Intervento / Trattamento
Tipo di studio
Interventistico
Iscrizione (Effettivo)
8572
Fase
- Non applicabile
Contatti e Sedi
Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.
Luoghi di studio
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California
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San Francisco, California, Stati Uniti, 94122
- San Francisco General Hospital
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Criteri di partecipazione
I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.
Criteri di ammissibilità
Età idonea allo studio
Da 13 anni a 64 anni (Bambino, Adulto)
Accetta volontari sani
Sì
Sessi ammissibili allo studio
Tutto
Descrizione
Inclusion Criteria:
- Patients aged 13 - 64 years who are awake, alert, not intoxicated, and understand the premise of the test will be offered the test and questionnaire according to their treatment group.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Patients who have altered levels of consciousness, are critically ill (e.g., serious trauma), are known to have preexisting HIV diagnosis, or who have been tested for HIV in the past 3 months will be excluded from the study.
- Pregnant patients will be excluded due to alternative guidelines for incorporating opt-out testing during prenatal care.
- Any patients who are in police custody will also be excluded due to their lack of control over study participation decisions and ethical concerns over possible coercion.
Piano di studio
Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.
Come è strutturato lo studio?
Dettagli di progettazione
- Scopo principale: Selezione
- Assegnazione: Randomizzato
- Modello interventistico: Assegnazione di gruppo singolo
- Mascheramento: Nessuno (etichetta aperta)
Armi e interventi
Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm |
Intervento / Trattamento |
|---|---|
|
Sperimentale: Opt-In
Opt-in refers to a default of no test - patients must ask for the test in order to receive it.
Patients are informed of the availability of rapid testing.
They are tested only if they request the test.
|
HIV Test will be offered as opt-in, opt-out, or active choice.
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Sperimentale: Opt-Out
Opt-out has a default to test - patients are informed that they will receive a rapid HIV screening test unless they decline it.
Patients will be tested unless they decline.
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HIV Test will be offered as opt-in, opt-out, or active choice.
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Sperimentale: Active Choice
In the active choice treatment, there is no default; patients must actively accept or actively decline the test.
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HIV Test will be offered as opt-in, opt-out, or active choice.
|
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Sperimentale: $1 Incentive
When offering the HIV test, study staff will inform subjects that the ED is offering cash incentives to promote HIV testing (and that the test is also free), and will inform them of that day's value.
|
$1, $5, or $10 incentive
|
|
Sperimentale: $5 Incentive
When offering the HIV test, study staff will inform subjects that the ED is offering cash incentives to promote HIV testing (and that the test is also free), and will inform them of that day's value.
|
$1, $5, or $10 incentive
|
|
Sperimentale: $10 Incentive
When offering the HIV test, study staff will inform subjects that the ED is offering cash incentives to promote HIV testing (and that the test is also free), and will inform them of that day's value.
|
$1, $5, or $10 incentive
|
|
Sperimentale: Early Questionnaire
At a time that does not interfere with patients' medical care, patients will be approached by a member of the research team to consent to and complete a short (3 minutes) questionnaire.
The questionnaire is designed to elicit two things: subjective risk of infection (e.g., What are the chances you have HIV? [Not possible, Unlikely, Possible, Likely, Certain]) and objective risk of infection (e.g., In the past year, have you given anyone drugs or money for sex?).
The questionnaire will be administered as one of two timing treatments - a) at the beginning of care, before the patient is offered an HIV test (Early questionnaire) or b) after the patient has been offered an HIV test (Late questionnaire).
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Timing of the questionnaire--either before or after testing is offered.
|
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Sperimentale: Late Questionnaire
At a time that does not interfere with patients' medical care, patients will be approached by a member of the research team to consent to and complete a short (3 minutes) questionnaire.
The questionnaire is designed to elicit two things: subjective risk of infection (e.g., What are the chances you have HIV? [Not possible, Unlikely, Possible, Likely, Certain]) and objective risk of infection (e.g., In the past year, have you given anyone drugs or money for sex?).
The questionnaire will be administered as one of two timing treatments - a) at the beginning of care, before the patient is offered an HIV test (Early questionnaire) or b) after the patient has been offered an HIV test (Late questionnaire).
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Timing of the questionnaire--either before or after testing is offered.
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Sperimentale: FITD Questionnaire
There will be two versions of the early questionnaire: one standard Early questionnaire, and one with an additional question: "If you were offered an HIV test as part of your routine health care at no cost, would you get tested?"
The two questionnaires will be otherwise identical.
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Timing of the questionnaire--either before or after testing is offered.
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Sperimentale: Free
When offering the HIV test, study staff will inform subjects that the ED is offering HIV testing (and that the test is also free); no monetary incentive will be offered.
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$1, $5, or $10 incentive
|
Cosa sta misurando lo studio?
Misure di risultato primarie
Misura del risultato |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|
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Proportion of patients offered an HIV test who accept
Lasso di tempo: Monthly
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Monthly
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Misure di risultato secondarie
Misura del risultato |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|
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Proportion testing HIV positive of those tested
Lasso di tempo: Monthly
|
Monthly
|
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Proportion testing HIV positive among those offered a test
Lasso di tempo: Monthly
|
Monthly
|
Collaboratori e investigatori
Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.
Investigatori
- Investigatore principale: William H Dow, PhD, University of California, Berkeley
- Investigatore principale: Beth Kaplan, MD, University of California, San Francisco
Pubblicazioni e link utili
La persona responsabile dell'inserimento delle informazioni sullo studio fornisce volontariamente queste pubblicazioni. Questi possono riguardare qualsiasi cosa relativa allo studio.
Studiare le date dei record
Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.
Studia le date principali
Inizio studio
1 maggio 2011
Completamento primario (Effettivo)
1 dicembre 2013
Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)
1 dicembre 2013
Date di iscrizione allo studio
Primo inviato
18 giugno 2011
Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità
20 giugno 2011
Primo Inserito (Stima)
21 giugno 2011
Aggiornamenti dei record di studio
Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Stima)
14 maggio 2015
Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC
13 maggio 2015
Ultimo verificato
1 maggio 2015
Maggiori informazioni
Termini relativi a questo studio
Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio
- 10562983
- 1RC4AG039078-01 (Sovvenzione/contratto NIH degli Stati Uniti)
Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .
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