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Effectiveness of a Parental Training Programme to Enhance Parent-child Relationship and Reduce Harsh Parenting Practices and Parental Stress in the Preparation of Children for Transition to Primary School

30 aprile 2013 aggiornato da: Dr. LI William Ho Cheung, The University of Hong Kong

Effectiveness of a Parental Training Programme to Enhance Parent-child Relationship and Reduce Harsh Parenting Practices and Parental Stress in the Preparation of Children for Transition to Primary School: A Randomized Controlled Trial

This study tested the effectiveness of a parental training programme to enhance parent-child relationship and reduce harsh parenting practices and parental stress in the preparation of children for transition to primary school. A randomized controlled trial was employed and 142 parents were recruited. Parents in the experimental group engaged in less harsh parenting practices and reported better parent-child relationships than parents in the control group. Findings from this study provide empirical evidence of the effectiveness of the parental training programme and highlight the significance of parental involvement in promoting a smooth transition for children from kindergarten to primary one.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Completato

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

Introduction Transition creates a time of vulnerability for the child, the parents and their relationship. Failure to adjust to the transition, on the part of either parents or children, might place the family in a psychological devastating position. There is an imperative need to develop and evaluate appropriate interventions for parents so that they can contribute to helping their children enjoy a smooth passage to a pleasurable learning life in primary school.

Aim The aims of this study were to test the effectiveness of a parental training programme to enhance parent-child relationship and reduce harsh parenting practices and parental stress in the preparation of children for transition to primary school.

Methods A randomized controlled trial, two-group pre-test and repeated post-test, between-subjects design was employed. The method of simple complete randomization was adopted. Recruitment and data collection were conducted during the summer in 2009. Participants were recruited through referrals from the Hong Kong Sheung Kung Hui Welfare Council in Tung Chung. Written consent was obtained from parents after they were told the purposes of the study and agreed to participate. Parents were told that they were under no obligation to participate, could withdraw from the study with impunity at any time and were assured of the confidentiality of the data to be collected.

After they had signed consent forms, a research assistant collected demographic and baseline data from parents. Data collection was divided into three phases: at the time of recruitment (pre-intervention), at six weeks and three months after the intervention. Parents were asked to respond to the Chinese version of the parental acceptance-rejection scale, parental stress scale, and self-report scale on parent-child relationship in respect of the transition from kindergarten to primary school.

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Effettivo)

142

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

  • Cina
      • Hong Kong, Cina
        • Hong Kong Sheng Kung Hui Tung Chung Integrated Services

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Bambino
  • Adulto
  • Adulto più anziano

Accetta volontari sani

No

Sessi ammissibili allo studio

Tutto

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • must be able to read and write Chinese
  • must have had primary school education or above

Exclusion Criteria:

  • with identified cognitive and learning problems were excluded, as also were children with such problems

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Terapia di supporto
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Separare

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Comparatore placebo: Placebo Control
Parents had no intervention except that an information leaflet for parents on helping children to adapt the new primary school life published by Education Bureau was given to each parent in the control group at the end of data collection.
Comportamentale: Placebo Control
Parents had no intervention except that an information leaflet for parents on helping children to adapt the new primary school life published by Education Bureau was given to each parent in the control group at the end of data collection.
Sperimentale: parental training programme
The parental training programme was run in small groups of 8 to 12 parents over four consecutive weeks. They consisted of four group sessions, each lasting about two hours. The major focus of the parental intervention included teaching parents: (1) to use more active listening skills, (2) to engage less in harsh parenting practices, (3) to use more praise and encouragement and (4) to set reasonable expectations in the rearing of their children. Each session was started with revision of skills or concepts discussed in previous sessions, therefore, each session built on the previous session.
Comportamentale: parental training programme
In the experimental group, parents participated in the parental training programme approximately one month before the start of the academic year in primary school. Two social workers, who have minimum five- year experience in giving family counselling,implemented the interventions.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Change of Self-reported Parent-Child Relationship at 6 weeks from baseline
Lasso di tempo: 6 weeks
The parent-child relationship of the participants was measured by using a self-reporting method consisting of two items, with one asking 'How satisfied are you with the parent-child relationship?" and the other 'As a parent, how satisfied are you with yourself?'
6 weeks

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Self-reported Parent-Child Relationship at baseline
Lasso di tempo: baseline, 0 week ( just before the start of intervention)
The parent-child relationship of the participants was measured by using a self-reporting method consisting of two items, with one asking 'How satisfied are you with the parent-child relationship?" and the other 'As a parent, how satisfied are you with yourself?'
baseline, 0 week ( just before the start of intervention)
Change of Self-reported Parent-Child Relationship at 3 months from baseline
Lasso di tempo: 3 months
The parent-child relationship of the participants was measured by using a self-reporting method consisting of two items, with one asking 'How satisfied are you with the parent-child relationship?" and the other 'As a parent, how satisfied are you with yourself?'
3 months
Perceived Parental Aggression Scale at baseline
Lasso di tempo: baseline, 0 week ( just before the start of intervention)
It measures harsh parenting, i.e. physical or verbal aggression towards children
baseline, 0 week ( just before the start of intervention)
change of Perceived Parental Aggression Scale at 6 weeks from baseline
Lasso di tempo: 6 weeks
It measures harsh parenting, i.e. physical or verbal aggression towards children
6 weeks
change of Perceived Parental Aggression Scale at 3 months from baseline
Lasso di tempo: 3 months
It measures harsh parenting, i.e. physical or verbal aggression towards children
3 months
Parental Stress at baseline
Lasso di tempo: baseline, 0 week ( just before the start of intervention)
we assess a parent's subjective feelings of strain, difficulty and dissatisfaction in reaction to stressors in the parent-child relationship
baseline, 0 week ( just before the start of intervention)
change of Parental Stress at baseline at 6 weeks from baseline
Lasso di tempo: 6 weeks
we assess a parent's subjective feelings of strain, difficulty and dissatisfaction in reaction to stressors in the parent-child relationship
6 weeks
change of Parental Stress at baseline at 3 months from baseline
Lasso di tempo: 3 months
we assess a parent's subjective feelings of strain, difficulty and dissatisfaction in reaction to stressors in the parent-child relationship
3 months

Collaboratori e investigatori

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Sponsor

The University of Hong Kong

Investigatori

  • Investigatore principale: William Ho Cheung Li, PhD, The School of Nursing, The University of Hong Kong

Pubblicazioni e link utili

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Pubblicazioni generali

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio

1 marzo 2009

Completamento primario (Effettivo)

1 settembre 2009

Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)

1 dicembre 2009

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

25 aprile 2013

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

30 aprile 2013

Primo Inserito (Stima)

3 maggio 2013

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Stima)

3 maggio 2013

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

30 aprile 2013

Ultimo verificato

1 aprile 2013

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Parole chiave

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • ND789

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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