Whey Protein, Resistance Training, and Changes in Body Composition

Whey Protein Supp. w/ Resistance Training; Effects on Body Comp. of Young Adults.

The objective of this project is to determine the effect of 9 months of progressive resistance training with daily whey protein supplements on the body composition (changes in muscle and fat) in young adults. The investigators hypothesize that those individuals who receive whey protein supplements will have larger gains in muscle and larger losses of fat tissue in response to resistance training compared to those who receive supplements of soy or carbohydrate.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Obesity
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Whey Protein supplement; Dietary supplement: Soy Protein Supplement; Dietary supplement: Carbohydrate supplement

Detailed Description

Healthy men and women will be recruited to participate in 9 months of supervised resistance training (3 days/wk) and will be randomized to one of three daily supplement groups: Whey protein, soy protein, or carbohydrate control. Body weight, muscular strength and endurance, and resting blood pressure will be assessed at baseline, 3, 6 and 9 months. Body composition will be assessed at baseline, 3, 5, 7, and 9 months. A sub-sample (N = 17 per group, assessed at baseline and 9 months) will be randomly selected for muscle samples of the upper leg to determine changes in the size of muscle fibers, and chemical factors associated with muscle growth. Blood samples will be obtained from sub-sample participants to assess changes in glucose and fat metabolism, as well as other chemicals likely to promote or inhibit muscle growth. We will also assess changes in daily energy expenditure and the use of fuel to produce energy (carbohydrate, fat, protein) that may result from the intervention. We hypothesize that those individuals who receive whey protein supplements will have larger gains in muscle and larger losses of fat tissue in response to resistance training compared to those who receive supplements of soy or carbohydrate.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 85
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Kansas
    • Lawrence, Kansas, United States, 66045
      • Energy Balance Lab, The University of Kansas

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 30 years (ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI 25-39.9
• must be 18- 30 years old
• sedentary
• no medications
• stable weight for at least 3 months

Exclusion Criteria:

• Tobacco/Drug user
• metabolism altering medication
• gain/lost 10lbs in the last 3 months
• current exerciser

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: PREVENTION
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Whey protein supplementation; Daily whey protein supplementation	Dietary supplement: Whey Protein supplement; 40 g/day of whey protein will be consumed in 2 doses for 9 months (Study duration)
EXPERIMENTAL: Soy Protein supplementation; Daily soy protein supplementation	Dietary supplement: Soy Protein Supplement; 40 g/day of soy protein will be consumed in 2 doses for 9 months (Study duration)
EXPERIMENTAL: Placebo; Daily carbohydrate placebo supplementation	Dietary supplement: Carbohydrate supplement; 40 g/day of maltodextrin will be consumed in 2 doses for 9 months (Study duration)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Body Composition	Changes in body composition will be evaluated by measuring the change in percent body fat, total fat mass, and total lean mass by DEXA.	9 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
24 hour energy expenditure and substrate oxidation	24hr energy expenditure and substrate oxidation will be measured by whole room indirect calorimetry	9 months
Muscular strength and endurance	One rep max strength will be measured on the chest and leg press.	9 months
Resting Metabolic Rate	Resting metabolic rate as measured by indirect calorimetry as kcal/day will be evaluated. Also, substrate oxidation (fat and carbohydrate oxidation) will be evaluated.	9 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Kansas
• Collaborators: Dairy Management Inc.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Richard A. Washburn, Ph.D., University of Kansas

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: June 1, 2007
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): July 1, 2012
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): July 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 26, 2010
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 20, 2010
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): August 23, 2010

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE): November 9, 2012
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 7, 2012
• Last Verified: November 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Resistance training; Whey Protein; Weight Management; Soy Protein
• Other Study ID Numbers: HSCL16583; DMI01425 (OTHER_GRANT: Dairy Management Inc.)