Acute Effects of Postabsorptive and Postprandial Physical Activity

Acute Effects of Postabsorptive and Postprandial Physical Activity on Glycemia and Inflammation

Physical activity performed in the postprandial state has the ability to blunt postprandial glycemia acutely, even as a result of very light or small amounts of postprandial physical activity. Postprandial physical activity decreases postprandial glycemia more effectively than activity performed in the post-absorptive state. However, studies comparing postprandial and postabsorptive physical activity have measured glycemic outcomes in only short periods of time (hours) or have used a very large dose of physical activity.

Physical activity have the ability to entail an acute increase in markers of systemic inflammation.Previous studies has also shown that systemic inflammation is increased during glycemic spikes, such as after a high carbohydrate load. Therefore the effect of postprandial physical activity is difficult to predict. One one hand it might increase markers of systemic inflammation. On the other hand it might decrease systemic inflammation as a result of a blunting effect on postprandial glycemia. The effect of physical activity after carbohydrate intake might therefore also differ from postabsorptive physical activity.

Purpose of the study: I) The investigators hypothesized that light physical activity performed in the post-prandial sate decrease blood glucose in a day and night cycle compared to the same activity performed in the postabsorptive state and a control day. II) To test whether postabsorptive and postprandial light physical activity do affect markers of systemic inflammation different.

12 participants diagnosed with hyperglycemia but not on hypoglycemic medication took part in a randomized cross-over trial with 3 test days. A control day with no physical activity, and two days similar to the control day except that one of them contained a one hour bout of treadmill walking prior to breakfast and the other a similar exercise bout after breakfast. Continuous glucose monitoring was performed from start of exercise / breakfast until the morning next day (at least 22 hours). Venous blood was also sampled at given timepoints (before exercise / before breakfast, and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 24 hours after breakfast. Dietary intake was individually standardized prior to and during test days.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hyperglycemia; Inflammation
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: postprandial and postabsorptive physical activity on treadmill

Detailed Description

Physical activity performed in the postprandial state has the ability to blunt postprandial glycemia acutely, even as a result of very light or small amounts of postprandial physical activity. Postprandial physical activity decreases postprandial glycemia more effectively than activity performed in the post-absorptive state. However, studies comparing postprandial and postabsorptive physical activity have measured glycemic outcomes in only short periods of time (hours) or have used a very large dose of physical activity.

Physical activity have the ability to entail an acute increase in markers of systemic inflammation.Previous studies has also shown that systemic inflammation is increased during glycemic spikes, such as after a high carbohydrate load. Therefore the effect of postprandial physical activity is difficult to predict. One one hand it might increase markers of systemic inflammation. On the other hand it might decrease systemic inflammation as a result of a blunting effect on postprandial glycemia. The effect of physical activity after carbohydrate intake might therefore also differ from postabsorptive physical activity.

Purpose of the study: I) The investigators hypothesized that light physical activity performed in the post-prandial sate decrease blood glucose in a day and night cycle compared to the same activity performed in the postabsorptive state and a control day. II) To test whether postabsorptive and postprandial light physical activity do affect markers of systemic inflammation different.

12 participants diagnosed with hyperglycemia but not on hypoglycemic medication took part in a randomized cross-over trial with 3 test days. A control day with no physical activity, and two days similar to the control day except that one of them contained a one hour bout of treadmill walking prior to breakfast and the other a similar exercise bout after breakfast. Continuous glucose monitoring was performed from start of exercise / breakfast until the morning next day (at least 22 hours). Venous blood was also sampled at given timepoints (before exercise / before breakfast, and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 24 hours after breakfast. Dietary intake was individually standardized prior to and during test days.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 12
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Diagnosed with hyperglycemia

Exclusion Criteria:

• Use of hypoglycemic agents or diseases directly affecting blood glucose, except of diabetes type 2 / insulin resistance

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control; No physical activity
Experimental: Postabsorptive physical activity; Physical activity performed before breakfast	Behavioral: postprandial and postabsorptive physical activity on treadmill
Experimental: Postprandial physical activity; Physical activity performed in the postprandial period after breakfast	Behavioral: postprandial and postabsorptive physical activity on treadmill

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in interstitial glucose from test day to test day	Interstitial glucose, measured by continuous glucose monitoring	Measured continuously on each test day, but a mean of every 5. minute during test day (from breakfast until 22 hours after breakfast) is stored and used for analysis (acute effect in a cross-over design).
Change in hsCRP from test day to test day	This is a marker of inflammation, it will be measured from plasma of venous blood samples	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A mean of the samples before exercise / before breakfast, and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 24 hours after breakfast is used for analysis of change from test day to test day
Change in VCAM from test day to test day	This is a marker of inflammation, it will be measured from plasma of venous blood samples	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A mean of the samples before exercise / before breakfast, and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 24 hours after breakfast is used for analysis of change from test day to test day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in Blood glucose (venous samples) from test day to test day	Plasma samples of venous blood	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A mean of the samples before exercise / before breakfast, and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 24 hours after breakfast is used for analysis of change from test day to test day
Change in triglycerides from test day to test day	Plasma samples of venous blood	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A mean of the samples before exercise / before breakfast, and 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 24 hours after breakfast is used for analysis of change from test day to test day

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in oxygen consumption from test day to test day	Measured by indirect calorimetry	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A mean of the samples during exercise, and 1, 2 and 3 hours after breakfast is used for analysis of change from test day to test day
Change in heart rate from test day to test day	Measured by a heart rate sensor	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A mean of the samples during exercise, and 1, 2 and 3 hours after breakfast is used for analysis of change from test day to test day
Change in lactic acid from test day to test day	measured from capillary finger sticks	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A sample after 59 minutes of exercise is used for analysis of difference between intervention days
Change in Respiratory exchange ration (RER) from test day to test day	Measured by indirect calorimetry	Measured on each test day (acute effect in a cross-over design). A mean of the samples during exercise, and 1, 2 and 3 hours after breakfast is used for analysis of change from test day to test day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences
• Collaborators: University of Oslo

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: January 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2014
• Study Completion (Actual): June 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 23, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 17, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): September 18, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): September 18, 2015
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 17, 2015
• Last Verified: September 1, 2015

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Blood glucose (indicated by interstitial glucose); Markers of systemic inflammation
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Hyperglycemia; Inflammation
• Other Study ID Numbers: papa vs pppa