Dutch Acute HCV in HIV Study (DAHHS-2): Grazoprevir/Elbasvir for Acute HCV (DAHHS-2)

Grazoprevir (MK-5172)+ Elbasvir (MK-8742) for the Treatment of Acute Hepatitis C Genotype 1/4. The Dutch Acute HCV in HIV Study (DAHHS-2)

New and recently EMA/FDA approved direct acting antiviral (DAA) combination therapies cure 95% or more of the patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1 and 4. Grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) combination therapy is such a, albeit not yet EMA/FDA approved combination DAA therapy.

It is likely that the synergistic effect of the host's immune response and antiviral therapy when given during the first 6 months of HCV infection makes antiviral therapy during acute HCV infection more effective. In this study the investigators would like to document that treatment of acute HCV with grazoprevir (MK-5172), elbasvir (MK-8742) is effective and can ben shortened from 12 to 8 weeks for HCV genotype 1 and 4 infection without substantial loss in efficacy.

Study design and intervention:

Prospective open label interventional clinical trial in which 80 acute HCV genotype 1 or 4 patients co-infected with HIV will receive 8 weeks of grazoprevir and elbasvir (a once-daily combination tablet).

Study population:

80 Adult HIV positive patients with an acute HCV genotype 1 or 4 infection from 10 HIV treatment centers in the Netherlands and Belgium will be included.

Primary endpoint: Sustained viral response (SVR) 12 weeks after the end of therapy in ITT study population (=genotype 1 and 4).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hepatitis C; Human Immunodeficiency Virus; Acute Hepatitis C
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Grazoprevir/Elbasvir 100mg/50mg

Detailed Description

Rationale:

Over the last 2 years, the treatment of chronic HCV underwent an enormous change in a positive way. New and recently EMA approved direct acting antiviral (DAA) combination therapies cure as 95% or more of the patients chronically infected with HCV genotype 1 and 4. Grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) combination therapy is such a combination DAA therapy. Two recent phase II and 1 phase III clinical trial showed that chronic HCV genotype 1 can be cured with 12 weeks of combination therapy with grazoprevir and elabsvir with a 97% cure in HIV-HCV co-infected patients in the phase III C-Edge co-infection study. However, none of these new HCV therapies have been well studied for the treatment of acute HCV and are therefore not registered for this indication. The only treatment approved for acute HCV is interferon. Interferon based therapy for the treatment of HCV has been shown to be much more effective when given during the acute phase of the HCV infection than at a time when the infection has become chronic. A likely explanation for this difference in success for acute versus chronic HCV therapy is a substantial immune response that is present during the acute phase of HCV infection, but becomes exhausted during chronic infection. This potent immune response is broadly targeted against various HCV epitopes and eradicates approximately 20% of HCV infections within the first 12 to 18 months of infection. However, spontaneous cure of HCV becomes very rare after the first 12 to 18 months of infection due to immune exhaustion. It is likely that the synergistic effect of the host's immune response and antiviral therapy when given during the first 6 months of HCV infection makes direct acting antiviral therapy during acute HCV infection more effective.

Objectives:

To document that treatment of acute HCV with grazoprevir (MK-5172), elbasvir (MK-8742) is effective. To show that, due to the host's immune response at the time of an acute HCV infection, the duration of therapy with grazoprevir (MK-5172) and elbasvir (MK-8742) for acute HCV genotype 1 and 4 infections can be shortened from 12 to 8 weeks without substantial loss in efficacy.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 80
• Phase: Phase 3

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Belgium
  • Antwerpen, Belgium
    • Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp (ITG)
• Netherlands
  • Amsterdam, Netherlands
    • Slotervaart Hospital
  • Amsterdam, Netherlands
    • Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis (OLVG)
  • Arnhem, Netherlands
    • Rijnstate Hospital
  • Groningen, Netherlands
    • University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG)
  • Maastricht, Netherlands
    • Maastricht University Medical Center (MUMC)
  • Nijmegen, Netherlands
    • Radbout University Medical Center
  • Utrecht, Netherlands
    • Utrecht Medical University Center (UMCU)
  • Zuid Holland
    • Rotterdam, Zuid Holland, Netherlands, 3000 CA
      • Erasmus Medical Center (EMC)

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. HIV positive
2. Acute HCV genotype 1 or 4 infection (≤26 weeks old at the baseline visit)

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Not on cART and a CD4 <500 at the time of screening
2. Patients on cART for >6 months with a HIV viral load >400 copies
3. Disallowed co-medication that cannot be stopped or replaced
4. History of liver cirrhosis of any etiology. Inclusion of patients with a chronic well-controlled HBV (HBV-DNA <below the limit of detection) is allowed if fibroscan excludes >F1 fibrosis
5. Protease inhibitor based and NNRTI based cART regimens are not allowed. Therefore, the inability to switch to a HAART regimen consisting of 2 nucleoside/tide reverse transcriptase inhibitors and an allowed third agent which can be raltegravir (Isentress®) 400mg BID, dolutegravir (Tivicay) 50mg QD or rilpivirine 25mg QD.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Treatment group; Grazoprevir/elbasvir single tablet regimen (100/50mg)	Drug: Grazoprevir/Elbasvir 100mg/50mg; Grazoprevir/Elbasvir 100mg/50mg

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
SVR12 (Reinfection Not Considered Failure)	Sustained viral response (SVR) 12 weeks after the end of therapy in all patients who started treatment in which reinfections are not considered failure	12 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
SVR12 (Reinfection Equals Failure)	Sustained viral response (SVR) 12 weeks after the end of therapy in all patients who started treatment in which reinfections are considered failure	week 12

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Erasmus Medical Center
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: B Rijnders, PhD, Erasmus Medical Center

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Popping S, Cuypers L, Claassen MAA, van den Berk GE, De Weggheleire A, Arends JE, Boerekamps A, Molenkamp R, Koopmans MPG, Verbon A, Boucher CAB, Rijnders B, van de Vijver DAMC. Persistent Transmission of HCV among Men Who Have Sex with Men despite Widespread Screening and Treatment with Direct-Acting Antivirals. Viruses. 2022 Sep 2;14(9):1953. doi: 10.3390/v14091953.
• Boerekamps A, De Weggheleire A, van den Berk GE, Lauw FN, Claassen MAA, Posthouwer D, Bierman WF, Hullegie SJ, Popping S, van de Vijver DACM, Dofferhoff ASM, Kootstra GJ, Leyten EM, den Hollander J, van Kasteren ME, Soetekouw R, Ammerlaan HSM, Schinkel J, Florence E, Arends JE, Rijnders BJA. Treatment of acute hepatitis C genotypes 1 and 4 with 8 weeks of grazoprevir plus elbasvir (DAHHS2): an open-label, multicentre, single-arm, phase 3b trial. Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2019 Apr;4(4):269-277. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(18)30414-X. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 1, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): January 11, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 5, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 6, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): November 9, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 8, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 16, 2019
• Last Verified: April 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Human Immunodeficiency virus; Acute Hepatitis C; Grazoprevir; Elbasvir
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Infections; Blood-Borne Infections; Communicable Diseases; Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Lentivirus Infections; Retroviridae Infections; Immune System Diseases; Liver Diseases; Flaviviridae Infections; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Enterovirus Infections; Picornaviridae Infections; Slow Virus Diseases; HIV Infections; Hepatitis; Hepatitis A; Hepatitis C; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Grazoprevir; Elbasvir-grazoprevir drug combination
• Other Study ID Numbers: NL2015-003210-24

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided