- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03235531
Assessment of Valproate on Ethanol Withdrawal (PAVE)
Prospective Assessment of Valproate on Ethanol Withdrawal
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Alcohol use disorder is a common comorbidity among trauma patients. This pre-existing condition is associated with Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome (AWS) and frequently complicates the management of this patient population. Current treatment and/or prevention of AWS includes the administration of sedatives (benzodiazepines [BZD]) in response to the manifestation AWS symptoms. This manifestation is indicated by monitoring patients using the Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment (CIWA) tool. Benzodiazepines elicit an effect on AWS via mediation of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Benzodiazepines, however, have the potential to promote multiple negative effects in the acute care setting, including increased incidence of delirium, hospital stay, mortality, and the potential for decreased long-term cognitive function. The antiepileptic medication valproate (VPA) also has GABA activity in the brain, but may be less likely to promote the negative effects associated with BZDs. Currently, previous experience with this agent for the prevention of AWS is limited to two small studies. In these studies VPA was shown to decrease symptoms of AWS as indicated by patients' CIWA scores. Therefore, VPA could serve as an efficacious adjuvant therapy for the prevention of AWS. The aim of this study is to determine whether VPA will decrease the use of BZD in patients who are receiving symptom-based preventative therapy via CIWA monitoring. The hypothesis is that VPA will decrease the utilization of symptom-based lorazepam administration in patients who are determined to be at risk of alcohol withdrawal due to routine consumption of alcohol.
The purpose of this study is to determine if prophylactic VPA for the prevention of alcohol withdrawal syndrome can decrease symptom-triggered use of benzodiazepines in patients monitored for alcohol withdrawal syndrome with the CIWA.
The Primary objective of this study is to determine if prophylactic VPA acid is associated with decreased lorazepam use in patients monitored for alcohol withdrawal syndrome with the CIWA.
Secondary objectives are:
To evaluate the difference between comparator arms with respect to:
- CIWA scores between patients with and without VPA prophylaxis
- Hospital and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) length of stay
- In-hospital mortality
- VPA acid associated side effects (e.g. thrombocytopenia, transaminitis, pancreatitis)
This will be single-center prospective, randomized study, enrolling trauma patients with a history of alcohol consumption admitted to a Level 1 trauma center. Patients included in this study will receive standard therapies for AWS practiced at study institution which include monitoring of withdrawal symptoms and the administration of BZDs (lorazepam) based on CIWA monitoring.
Following informed consent, patients will be randomized to receive CIWA protocol monitoring/BZD or CIWA protocol monitoring/BZD and VPA. Therefore, patients that meet the inclusion criteria will be separated into two study groups to compare outcomes:
- Treatment Group: Patients treated with CIWA protocol/BZD and VPA
- Control Group: Patients treated with CIWA protocol/BZD only.
Study Type
Enrollment (Anticipated)
Phase
- Phase 4
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
West Virginia
-
Charleston, West Virginia, United States, 25304
- Recruiting
- Charleston Area Medical Center
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Richard Umstot, MD
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Chelsea Knotts, MD
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Brent Stover, MA, LPC, ADC
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Damayanti Samanta, MS
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Julton Tomanguillo Chumbe, MD
-
Charleston, West Virginia, United States, 25301
- Recruiting
- Charleston Area Medical Center, General Hospital, Level 1 Trauma Center
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Richard Umstot, MD
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Chelsea Knotts, MD
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Brent Stover, MA, LPC, ADC
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Damayanti Samanta, MS
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Julton Tomanguillo Chumbe, MD
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Admission to Trauma Services
Heavy drinkers based on social history
- Men <65 years: > 4 drinks per day or 14 per week
- Women: > 3 drinks per day or 7 drinks per week
- All adults >65 years: > 3 drinks per day or 7 drinks per week
Moderate or severe alcohol use disorder based on social history and DSM-5 criteria
- Moderate: Presence of 4-5 symptoms based on social history
- Severe: Presence of 6 symptoms based on social history
Exclusion Criteria:
- Intubated patients
- Glasgow Coma Score <8
- Grade IV liver laceration or greater
- Child-Pugh Class B or greater, history of cirrhosis, or cirrhosis identified by radiographic imaging upon admission
- Transaminase (AST/ALT) elevation of ≥ 2x normal
- Anticipated admission less than 72 hours
- Levetiracetam administration for seizure prophylaxis secondary to a traumatic brain injury
- Patient with VPA as home medication
- Known allergy to VPA
- Patients with pre-existing blood dyscrasias, i.e. thrombocytopenia (platelet count < 50,000, etc)
- Inability to obtain social history from patient, surrogate, family member or an individual deemed to be knowledgeable about the patient's social history
- Pregnancy
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: CIWA Protocol/BZD and Valproate
|
Valproate is an anti-epileptic medication that can influence the chemical changes in the brain that result from alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) via three mechanisms of action: (1) an increase in GABA activity, (2) inhibition of glutamate binding to NMDA, and (3) restoration of the balance between dopamine and acetylcholine activity.
VPA may be effective in the prevention of AWS, and could serve as efficacious adjuvant to traditional benzodiazepine (BZD) therapy for AWS, both decreasing symptoms of AWS and decreasing the use of BZDs.
Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used to treat symptoms of AWS.
Standard of care at CAMC is monitoring by CIWA tool and administration of lorazepam according to CIWA score.
|
Active Comparator: CIWA Protocol Only
|
Lorazepam is a benzodiazepine used to treat symptoms of AWS.
Standard of care at CAMC is monitoring by CIWA tool and administration of lorazepam according to CIWA score.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Lorazepam use in patient monitored with CIWA
Time Frame: Time between CIWA initiation and discontinuation for up to 3 weeks
|
Amount of lorazepam administration in response to CIWA score
|
Time between CIWA initiation and discontinuation for up to 3 weeks
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
CIWA score
Time Frame: During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
CIWA is a ten item scale used in the assessment and management of alcohol withdrawal.
|
During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
Hospital Length of Stay
Time Frame: During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
Date of admission to date of discharge from the hospital
|
During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
Intensive Care Unit Length of Stay
Time Frame: During patient Intensive Care Unit stay for up to 6 months
|
Date of admission to date of discharge from the Intensive Care Unit
|
During patient Intensive Care Unit stay for up to 6 months
|
In-hospital Mortality
Time Frame: During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
Number of deaths
|
During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
Valproate associated side effects
Time Frame: During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
Known side effects associated with valproate use, such as thrombocytopenia, transaminitis, pancreatitis, and hyperammonemia
|
During patient hospital stay for up to 6 months
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Publications and helpful links
General Publications
- Girard TD, Pandharipande PP, Ely EW. Delirium in the intensive care unit. Crit Care. 2008;12 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):S3. doi: 10.1186/cc6149. Epub 2008 May 14.
- Eastes LE. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome in trauma patients: a review. J Emerg Nurs. 2010 Sep;36(5):507-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jen.2010.05.011. Epub 2010 Aug 5. No abstract available.
- Craft PP, Foil MB, Cunningham PR, Patselas PC, Long-Snyder BM, Collier MS. Intravenous ethanol for alcohol detoxification in trauma patients. South Med J. 1994 Jan;87(1):47-54. doi: 10.1097/00007611-199401000-00011.
- Makic MB. Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome. J Perianesth Nurs. 2017 Apr;32(2):140-141. doi: 10.1016/j.jopan.2017.01.007. No abstract available.
- Foy A, Kay J. The incidence of alcohol-related problems and the risk of alcohol withdrawal in a general hospital population. Drug Alcohol Rev. 1995;14(1):49-54. doi: 10.1080/09595239500185051.
- Spies C, Tonnesen H, Andreasson S, Helander A, Conigrave K. Perioperative morbidity and mortality in chronic alcoholic patients. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001 May;25(5 Suppl ISBRA):164S-170S. doi: 10.1097/00000374-200105051-00028.
- Tsai G, Gastfriend DR, Coyle JT. The glutamatergic basis of human alcoholism. Am J Psychiatry. 1995 Mar;152(3):332-40. doi: 10.1176/ajp.152.3.332.
- Tsai G, Coyle JT. The role of glutamatergic neurotransmission in the pathophysiology of alcoholism. Annu Rev Med. 1998;49:173-84. doi: 10.1146/annurev.med.49.1.173.
- McKeon A, Frye MA, Delanty N. The alcohol withdrawal syndrome. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2008 Aug;79(8):854-62. doi: 10.1136/jnnp.2007.128322. Epub 2007 Nov 6.
- Amato L, Minozzi S, Davoli M. Efficacy and safety of pharmacological interventions for the treatment of the Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011 Jun 15;2011(6):CD008537. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008537.pub2.
- Kosten TR, O'Connor PG. Management of drug and alcohol withdrawal. N Engl J Med. 2003 May 1;348(18):1786-95. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra020617. No abstract available.
- Maldonado JR. Delirium in the acute care setting: characteristics, diagnosis and treatment. Crit Care Clin. 2008 Oct;24(4):657-722, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2008.05.008.
- Clegg A, Young JB. Which medications to avoid in people at risk of delirium: a systematic review. Age Ageing. 2011 Jan;40(1):23-9. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afq140. Epub 2010 Nov 9.
- Saitz R, Mayo-Smith MF, Roberts MS, Redmond HA, Bernard DR, Calkins DR. Individualized treatment for alcohol withdrawal. A randomized double-blind controlled trial. JAMA. 1994 Aug 17;272(7):519-23.
- Eyer F, Schreckenberg M, Hecht D, Adorjan K, Schuster T, Felgenhauer N, Pfab R, Strubel T, Zilker T. Carbamazepine and valproate as adjuncts in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome: a retrospective cohort study. Alcohol Alcohol. 2011 Mar-Apr;46(2):177-84. doi: 10.1093/alcalc/agr005.
- Reoux JP, Saxon AJ, Malte CA, Baer JS, Sloan KL. Divalproex sodium in alcohol withdrawal: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2001 Sep;25(9):1324-9.
- Lum E, Gorman SK, Slavik RS. Valproic acid management of acute alcohol withdrawal. Ann Pharmacother. 2006 Mar;40(3):441-8. doi: 10.1345/aph.1G243. Epub 2006 Feb 28.
- Sher Y, Miller Cramer AC, Ament A, Lolak S, Maldonado JR. Valproic Acid for Treatment of Hyperactive or Mixed Delirium: Rationale and Literature Review. Psychosomatics. 2015 Nov-Dec;56(6):615-25. doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2015.09.008. Epub 2015 Oct 3.
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Anticipated)
Study Completion (Anticipated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Mental Disorders
- Chemically-Induced Disorders
- Drinking Behavior
- Alcohol-Related Disorders
- Substance-Related Disorders
- Alcohol Drinking
- Alcoholism
- Substance Withdrawal Syndrome
- Physiological Effects of Drugs
- Neurotransmitter Agents
- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
- Central Nervous System Depressants
- Autonomic Agents
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Enzyme Inhibitors
- Antiemetics
- Gastrointestinal Agents
- Tranquilizing Agents
- Psychotropic Drugs
- Hypnotics and Sedatives
- Anti-Anxiety Agents
- GABA Modulators
- GABA Agents
- Anticonvulsants
- Antimanic Agents
- Valproic Acid
- Lorazepam
Other Study ID Numbers
- 17-336
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
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