- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03334175
Walnuts to Achieve Lasting NUTrition to Prevent Diabetes
August 20, 2020 updated by: University of California, San Francisco
Walnuts to Achieve Lasting NUTrition to Prevent Diabetes (WALNUT-Diabetes)
Prediabetes is a precursor of type 2 diabetes and an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease, and currently affects one-quarter of the population of the United States.
Individuals of overweight or obese BMI are at particular high risk for incident diabetes.
A major modifiable risk factor for type 2 diabetes is poor dietary quality, and improvement of dietary quality can effectively delay and even prevent type 2 diabetes.
Interventions to improve dietary quality thus far, however, rely on short-term intensive clinically designed meals replacing the entire diet which have poor sustainability.
Persistent improvements to daily dietary patterns are often difficult without directed guidance, and overall dietary quality in the United States remains poor.
The identification of a practical, daily dietary intervention to improve dietary quality and prevent diabetes in those at high risk remains unknown.
The investigators propose to enroll 40 individuals with diagnosed prediabetes into a randomized controlled pilot study and provide a daily walnut supplementation intervention to determine feasibility and acceptability of the supplement.
The investigators will then determine preliminary efficacy on metabolic markers and will investigate associations between dietary quality and circulating levels of branched-chain amino acids.
The goal is to implement a whole-food supplement to improve dietary quality in patients with prediabetes as a tool for future type 2 diabetes prevention.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
18
Phase
- Phase 2
- Phase 1
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
-
-
California
-
San Francisco, California, United States, 94143
- University of California, San Francisco
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Genders Eligible for Study
All
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Male or female between 18-65 years of age at baseline living in the San Francisco Bay area.
- BMI>25 m/kg2 (or >23 m/kg2 for individuals of Asian or South Asian ethnicity)
Documentation of prediabetes diagnosis as evidenced by the following criteria:
- A fasting glucose 100-125 mg/dL, or a HbA1c measurement of 5.7-6.4%, OR a diagnosis of "prediabetes" or "impaired fasting glucose" in the past 6 months, identified through an electronic medical record query from patients at UCSF and through outside recruitment in the surrounding community
- We will confirm eligibility of potential participants by repeating fasting capillary blood glucose measurements at the baseline visit to ensure that they have prediabetes
- Written informed consent and ability for subject to comply with the requirements of the study.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Pregnant or breastfeeding women at enrollment.
- Presence of a condition or abnormality that in the opinion of the Investigator would compromise the safety of the patient or the quality of the data, such as diverticulosis or diverticulitis.
- Tree or peanut allergies
- Unwilling to consume a daily walnut supplement.
- Diagnosis of diabetes
- On glucose lowering medications
- Dietician-managed dietary intake, or personal or medical dietary restrictions that do not allow consumption of walnuts
- Malabsorptive conditions including intestinal bypass surgery, pancreatitis, inflammatory bowel disease
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Walnuts Now
Will receive and be instructed to consume 1-oz individually wrapped daily walnut supplement packages for 12 weeks during intervention.
|
1 ounce of individually wrapped, raw walnuts to be consumed daily replacing a high-refined carbohydrate food.
|
No Intervention: Walnuts Later
Will receive diet and exercise guidance at beginning of study.
At end of study, will receive 12 weeks of a walnut supply to be consumed at their discretion after the study is complete.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Number of Participants Recruited and Retained
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
Number of participants recruited and retained
|
12 weeks
|
Adherence to the Intervention
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
Adherence to the intervention was determined through daily food diaries.
Participants detailed daily consumption of the walnut supplement on a calendar provided at the outset of the study.
Percentage was determined as number of days consuming supplement over 84 days total.
|
12 weeks
|
Palatability of Supplement
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
Palatability was measured using a visual analog scale, the scale range is 0-100, with 100 being the "Most Pleasant."
|
12 weeks
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change in Diet Quality
Time Frame: 0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Change in diet quality measured by Healthy Eating Index-2010 Score (0 - 100).
Higher scores indicate better diet quality.
|
0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Fasting Glucose
Time Frame: 0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Change in fasting glucose
|
0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Change in Hemoglobin A1c
Time Frame: 0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Change in percentage of Hemoglobin A1c
|
0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Change in Low Density Lipoprotein Levels
Time Frame: 0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Change in low density lipoprotein levels from baseline to 12 weeks
|
0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Other Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Number of Participants Who Had Plasma Metabolomics Performed
Time Frame: 0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Plasma metabolomics performed as an exploratory outcome for all participants.
This outcome represents number of participants who had a successful blood draw at both baseline and 12 weeks sent to the laboratory with usable data recovered.
|
0 weeks and 12 weeks
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Meghana Gadgil, MD, University of California, San Francisco
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
May 21, 2018
Primary Completion (Actual)
August 5, 2019
Study Completion (Actual)
August 5, 2019
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
October 30, 2017
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
November 2, 2017
First Posted (Actual)
November 7, 2017
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
September 2, 2020
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
August 20, 2020
Last Verified
August 1, 2020
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 4000-128070-125731P-44
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Yes
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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