Treatment of Mild to Moderate Peri-implantitis Using an Oscillating Chitosan Device

Treatment of Mild to Moderate Peri-implantitis Using an Oscillating Chitosan Device Versus Titanium Curettes - a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial

34 patients diagnosed with mild to moderate peri-implantitis, defined as 2-4 mm peri-implant bone loss, will be randomized to either test treatment with Labrida BioClean® or control treatment with titanium curettes. In total 40 subjects (20 % drop-out rate), treated by 5 clinicians at 5 centers will be included in the study.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Peri-Implantitis
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Labrida BioClean; Other: Titanium curettes

Detailed Description

4.1 Study design The study will be a prospective multicentre randomized, examiner blinded controlled clinical trial of 24 months duration. Change in mucosal inflammation will be reported after 6 months while the true endpoint parameters i.e., peri-implant attachment will be reported after 1 and 2 years.

4.2 Treatment allocation and blinding Patients will be allocated either to test (Labrida BioClean® or control (titanium curettes) treatment by computer-generated block randomization to ensure equal sample sizes. The examiners will be blinded to the treatment allocation.

4.3 Study setting In total six centres will be included. Patient screening, inclusions and all clinical examinations will be performed by a board-certified specialist in periodontology, registered dental hygienist or specialist in prosthetics at each centre. Treatments will be performed by a dental hygienist or a board-certified specialist in periodontology.

4.4 Patients 40 patients (20+20) diagnosed with mild to moderate peri-implantitis, defined as peri-implant bone loss 2 -4 mm, will be included in the study.

4.5 Recruitment of patients

Patients referred to or seeking care in the included clinics will be screened for inclusion.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 34
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Norway
  • Oslo, Norway, 0352
    • Spesdent
  • Oslo, Norway, 0369
    • Colosseum Majorstuen
  • Oslo, Norway, 0589
    • Bjerke Tannmedisin AS
• Sweden
  • Jönköping, Sweden, 55111
    • Odontologiska Institutionen
  • Karlskrona, Sweden, 37185
    • Blekingesjukhuset

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 19 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Peri-implantitis defined as 2-4 mm bone loss distally, mesially or both, Probing Pocket Depth (PPD) ≥4mm and inflammation as demonstrated by Bleeding on Probing (mBoP) at least score 2.

In addition to the above mentioned main inclusion criteria, patients can be included if they meet the following conditions:

1. Peri-implantitis as defined above on an implant that has been in function for more than 12 months prior to study start.
2. Above 18 years of age.
3. Eligible for treatment in an outpatient dental clinic (ie, ASA I and II).
4. Had full-mouth plaque scores ≤20% prior to final inclusion and no visual plaque at the included implants prior to study start.
5. Had at least one implant with a loading time of ≥ 12 months prior to baseline.
6. Signed Informed Consent obtained prior to start.
7. Psychological appropriateness.
8. Consent to complete all follow-up visits.

Exclusion Criteria:

Peri-implant bone loss > 4 mm, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, systemic long-term corticosteroid treatment, pregnancy or nursing, anatomical abnormalities, prosthetic factors making access to clinical measurements impossible.

In addition to the above mentioned main exclusion criteria, patients should be excluded if they meet any of the following conditions:

1. Cemented supraconstructions and/or screw retained supraconstructions that for technical reasons makes it impossible to access implant for clinical measurements.
2. Technical complications which according to the examiners judgement has contributed to the disease state and not possible to resolve prior to final inclusion.
3. Mobile implant.
4. Patients diagnosed with periodontal disease must have undergone causative treatment and be re-evaluated.
5. Implants previously treated for peri-implantitis with grafting materials.
6. Receiving medications known to induce mucosal hyperplasia.
7. Uncontrolled diabetes HbA1c > 52, equals 7.0.
8. Receiving systemic antibiotics < 3 months prior to inclusion.
9. Pregnant or lactating.
10. Any condition or current treatment for any condition, which in the opinion of the investigator and/or consulting physician, may constitute an unwarranted risk.
11. Presence of psychological characteristics, such as inappropriate attitude or motivation, which will influence treatment execution and treatment outcome.
12. Unwillingness to undergo treatment.
13. Advanced, untreated and uncontrolled peri-implantitis on neighbouring implants.
14. If, in the opinion of the therapist, conditions are such that dental implants are deemed failing.
15. Ongoing or previous radiotherapy to the head-neck region.
16. Ongoing or previous chemotherapy.
17. Systemic long-term corticosteroid treatment.

18. Patients medicating with warfarine products or similar.

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Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Labrida BioClean; Labrida BioClean- chitosan device.The brush bristles of the test device (Labrida BioClean® LABRIDA AS, Oslo Norway) are made of the biopolymer chitosan. Any debris left from the chitosan bristles is completely biocompatible and will dissolve or be resorbed thus not causing harm to the tissues surrounding the implant. Chitosan is made from chitin derived from shell of marine crustaceans such as shrimp and crab, however chemically modified and thus not even considered to be animally derived. Chitosan has been approved for use in e.g., surgical bandages, as a haemostatic agent and as dietary supplement used in a wide range of nutritional and health products. Chitosan has also been documented to be non-allergenic and it has been suggested that chitosan has anti-inflammatory properties.	Device: Labrida BioClean; The implant pockets will be debrided with the BioClean™ biodegradable brush for 2 minutes and with the brush seated in an oscillating dental handpiece (NSK ESQ10 TEQ) and thereafter irrigated with sterile saline or commercially available and area-specific titanium curettes (Langer and Langer, Rønvig) for 2 minutes and thereafter irrigated with sterile saline. The treatment will be repeated every three months until the terminal examination after 24 months. Debridement is performed with local anaesthesia as needed. Healthy sites will not be retreated.
Other: Titanium curettes; Peri-implant pockets will be debrided with titanium curettes.	Other: Titanium curettes; Peri-implant pockets will be debrided using titanium curettes.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Inflammation	Reduction in peri-implant mucositis as measured clinically up to three months after therapy.	3 months after first treatment
Progression of bone loss	True end-point	12 months after first treatment.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Morbidity	To compare patient morbidity after use of Labrida BioClean® versus titanium curettes determined on a VAS scale assessed at the 3 month treatment visit.	3 months
Adverse events	To assess safety of BioClean™ by evaluating the occurrence of adverse events.	12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Labrida AS
• Investigators: Study Director: Caspar Wohlfahrt, PhD, Oslo university

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Zeza B, Wohlfahrt C, Pilloni A. Chitosan brush for professional removal of plaque in mild peri-implantitis. Minerva Stomatol. 2017 Aug;66(4):163-168. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4970.17.04040-7. Epub 2017 May 10.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 1, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 8, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 13, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): December 14, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 24, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 20, 2022
• Last Verified: October 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Stomatognathic Diseases; Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Peri-Implantitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: 256756

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No