Acute Effects of E-Cigarette Aerosol Inhalation

April 15, 2024 updated by: Felix W. Wehrli, University of Pennsylvania

Acute and Long-term Effects of E-Cigarette Aerosol Inhalation on Biomarkers of Endothelial Function and Vascular Reactivity

This study comprises a portion of a larger study designed to compare results of vascular function in non-smokers to vascular function in healthy smokers chronically exposed to nicotinized electronic cigarette aerosol versus conventional cigarettes.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Here, we 1) investigate the acute effects of non-nicotinized e-cigarette aerosol inhalation in nonsmokers in terms of blood-based markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, and 2) evaluate their association with hemodynamic-metabolic MRI parameters quantifying peripheral vascular reactivity, cerebrovascular reactivity, and aortic stiffness.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

31

Phase

  • Early Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Pennsylvania
      • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19104
        • University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 35 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• BMI of 18.5 - 30

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Cancer
  • HIV
  • Mental illness
  • Overt cardio- or neurovascular disease (prior heart attack, stroke, transient ischemic attacks)
  • Serious arrhythmias
  • Bronchospastic disease
  • Upper respiratory tract infection within the past six weeks
  • Chronic medication or antibiotics
  • Claustrophobia / contraindications for MRI

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Healthy, Non-Smokers
Non-nicotinized electronic cigarette aerosol (16 2-second long puffs)
Drug: Electronic Cigarette Aerosol
16 two-second-long puffs from a non-nicotinized electronic cigarette.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Inflammatory Blood-Based Biomarkers
Time Frame: Participant blood draws occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) 120 minutes post-vaping. Inflammation index is calculated from the fold change in biomarker values over pre-vaping values

Post-vaping inflammation monitored by changes in an integrated cluster of blood-based biomarkers from serum/plasma of non-smoking healthy participants quantified at 0 and 120 min post-inhalation. The cluster consisted of: CRP, sICAM-1 in serum and HMGB1, ASC in plasma assayed using ELISA and quantified using absorbance-concentration curves generated by the manufacturers' standards; nitric oxide metabolites (nitrate + nitrite, NOx) in serum assayed with a nitrate/nitrite kit using a colorimetric standard provided by the manufacturer; reactive oxygen species (ROS) was quantified by using immortalized human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells plated, prepared with serum, labeled with ROS dye and imaged confocal fluorescence microscopy.

The outcome measure was expressed as fold increase over pre-vaping values.
Participant blood draws occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) 120 minutes post-vaping. Inflammation index is calculated from the fold change in biomarker values over pre-vaping values
Acute Change in Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Post-vaping
Time Frame: PWV calculation occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) Fifteen minutes post-vaping.

Central arterial stiffness was assessed using aortic pulse-wave velocity (PWV), a biomarker of aortic stiffness calculated by measuring the velocity of a pulse wave between two points in the same artery. A higher aortic pulse wave velocity equates to a stiffer aorta.

In each participant, aortic PWV was quantified, pre- and post-vaping, by dividing the path length of the aortic arch determined from a oblique sagittal image, by the transit time of the pulse pressure wave. Measurements obtained pre-vaping were compared to those obtained post-vaping.
PWV calculation occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) Fifteen minutes post-vaping.
Change in Femoral Artery Flow-Mediated Dilation Post-Vaping
Time Frame: Flow mediated dilation calculation occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) 40 minutes post-vaping.
Degree of dilation (% change in cross-sectional area) of femoral artery during hyperemia (the transient increase in blood flow velocity) after e-cigarette vaping as compared to before e-cigarette vaping.
Flow mediated dilation calculation occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) 40 minutes post-vaping.
Change in Washout Time Post-Vaping
Time Frame: Washout time calculation occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, and 2) 40 minutes post-vaping
Transit time of desaturated capillary blood from tissue to the imaging location after e-cigarette vaping
Washout time calculation occurred at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, and 2) 40 minutes post-vaping
Change in Upslope Post-Vaping
Time Frame: Upslope was calculated at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, and 2) 40 minutes post-vaping
Tissue oxygen resaturation rate after e-cigarette vaping.
Upslope was calculated at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, and 2) 40 minutes post-vaping
Change in Overshoot Post-Vaping
Time Frame: Overshoot was calculated at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, and 2) 40 minutes post-vaping.
Degree of overcompensatory effect post-vaping in the supply of oxygen after ischemia.
Overshoot was calculated at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, and 2) 40 minutes post-vaping.
Change in Breath Hold Index Post-Vaping
Time Frame: Breath hold index was calculated at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) five minutes post-vaping.
Rate of increase in blood flow velocity in the superior sagittal sinus from intermittent volitional apnea.
Breath hold index was calculated at two time points: 1) pre-vaping, 2) five minutes post-vaping.

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Pennsylvania

Collaborators

National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI)
National Institutes of Health (NIH)

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Felix W. Wehrli, PhD, University of Pennsylvania

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 22, 2018

Primary Completion (Actual)

August 31, 2022

Study Completion (Actual)

August 31, 2022

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 28, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 23, 2018

First Posted (Actual)

March 27, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 8, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 15, 2024

Last Verified

April 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 828195
  • R01HL139358 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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