PPAR, RXR, and VDR Expressions in Peri-implantitis

PPAR-γ, RXR, and VDR Expressions in Gingival Tissue Samples of Healthy Individuals, Periodontitis and Peri-implantitis Patients

ABSTRACT Objective: Periodontitis and peri-implantitis are the irreversible destructive diseases of the periodontal and peri-implant tissues. The present study aimed to determine the receptor expressions of Peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ, Retinoid X receptor (RXR)-α, and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) in the diseased tissues around teeth and dental implants.

Methods: The study consisted of three groups as group 1; healthy controls (C, n=15), group 2; periodontitis patients with stage 3 grade B (P, n=15), and group 3; peri-implantitis patients (PI, n=15). Periodontal clinical parameters as the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI) and clinical attachment levels (CAL) were recorded. Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processing. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry staining were performed. Total inflammatory cell counts and fibroblast cell density were evaluated on H&E-stained slides while PPAR-γ, RXR-α, and VDR were evaluated via immunohistochemistry.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Periodontitis; Periimplantitis
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Gingival biopsies

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 45

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Tokat, Turkey, 60100
    • Gaziosmanpasa University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child; Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

The study consisted of three groups as group 1; healthy controls (C, n=15), group 2; periodontitis patients with stage 3 grade B (P, n=15), and group 3; peri-implantitis patients (PI, n=15).

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• healthy individuals
• periodontitis patients
• periimplantitis patients

Exclusion Criteria:

• smokers,
• systemically compromised patients

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Case-Control
• Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

Number of groups / cohorts

3

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
group 1; healthy controls (C, n=15),	Other: Gingival biopsies; Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processing.
group 2; periodontitis patients with stage 3 grade B; (P, n=15)	Other: Gingival biopsies; Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processing.
group 3; peri-implantitis patients (PI, n=15).	Other: Gingival biopsies; Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processing.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Inflammatory cells counts	Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processing. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining were performed. Total inflammatory cell counts density were evaluated on H&E-stained slides.A cell counting frame of 10.000 µm2 area was selected under 1000x magnification. The total inflammatory cells (neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, and macrophage cells) within the frame were counted as inflammatory cell counting.	6 months
Fibroblast counts	Fibroblasts counts were evaluated from H&E stained slides under 1000x magnification via a light microscope (Nikon Eclipse, E 600, Tokyo, Japan).	6 months
Peroxisome proliferative-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ	Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processin and immunohistochemistry staining were performed, PPAR-γ, was evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Samples were examined under 400x magnification using light microscopy (Nikon Eclipse, E 600, Tokyo, Japan).	During histological processing
Retinoid X receptor (RXR)-α	Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processing and immunohistochemistry staining were performed, RXR-α was evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Samples were examined under 400x magnification using light microscopy (Nikon Eclipse, E 600, Tokyo, Japan).	6 months
Vitamin D receptor (VDR)	. Gingival biopsies were obtained from all participants and biopsy samples underwent histological tissue processing and immunohistochemistry staining were performed, VDR was evaluated via immunohistochemistry. Samples were examined under 400x magnification using light microscopy (Nikon Eclipse, E 600, Tokyo, Japan).	6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Tokat Gaziosmanpasa University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 10, 2018
• Primary Completion (Actual): January 10, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): March 10, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 8, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 12, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): July 15, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 15, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 12, 2019
• Last Verified: July 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: periodontitis; periimplantitis; RXR; VDR
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Stomatognathic Diseases; Periodontal Diseases; Mouth Diseases; Periodontitis; Peri-Implantitis
• Other Study ID Numbers: Gaziosmanpasa University

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No