Effects of Dairy- and Berry-based Snacks on Postprandial Glucose Metabolism in Older People (MAVIRE2)

Tailored Food Solutions for Improving Nutrition and Well-being in Older People: Effects on Postprandial Responses

Malnutrition or its risk is common among older people. To maintain adequate nutrition, increased meal frequency is important. In addition to main meals, regular consumption of nutrient- and energy-dense snacks is recommended. The study examines the post-meal responses to dairy- and berry-based snacks tailored for older people. The plasma concentrations of glucose, insulin and free fatty acids are measured during three hours after snack consumption. In addition, subjective satiety responses and heart rate variability are recorded.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Postprandial Hyperglycemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Dairy snack; Dietary supplement: Berry snack

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 26
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Finland
  • Kuopio, Finland
    • University of Eastern Finland

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 65 years and older (Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Home-dwelling

Exclusion Criteria:

• Smoking
• Type 1 diabetes
• Type 2 diabetes treated with oral medications or insulin
• Cognitive impairment
• Antibiotic medication within the past 3 months
• Blood donation within the past month

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

5

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Dairy snack; Drink high in milk protein, 250 ml	Dietary supplement: Dairy snack; The effects of dairy snack are compared with orange juice.
Active Comparator: Orange juice; Regular orange juice, 250 ml	Dietary supplement: Dairy snack; The effects of dairy snack are compared with orange juice.
Experimental: Berry snack 1; Bilberry-blackcurrant purée, 139 g	Dietary supplement: Berry snack; The effects of two berry snacks are compared with berry soup.
Experimental: Berry snack 2; Lingonberry purée, 122 g	Dietary supplement: Berry snack; The effects of two berry snacks are compared with berry soup.
Active Comparator: Berry soup; Bilberry soup, 250 ml	Dietary supplement: Berry snack; The effects of two berry snacks are compared with berry soup.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in postprandial glucose	Changes in plasma glucose concentration within 3 hrs after meal	3 hrs
Change in postprandial insulin	Changes in plasma insulin concentration within 3 hrs after meal	3 hrs

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in postprandial free fatty acids	Changes in plasma free fatty acid concentration within 3 hrs after meal	3 hrs
Change in postprandial satiety scores assessed by using visual analogy scales	Visual analogue scales (VAS) are used to assess satiety and other related subjective sensations (fullness, hunger, desire to eat, alertness) within 3 hrs after meal. Each VAS consists of a 100-mm horizontal line anchored with verbal descriptions at each end expressing the weakest (0 mm) or strongest (100 mm) statement of sensation. Results are scores between 0 and 100.	3 hrs
Heart rate variability	Electrocardiography monitoring for assessment of several variables of heart rate variability	3 hrs

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Eastern Finland
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Riitta Törrönen, PhD, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition; Principal Investigator: Marjukka Kolehmainen, Professor, University of Eastern Finland, Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition; Principal Investigator: Mika Tarvainen, PhD, University of Eastern Finland, Department of Applied Physics

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Torronen R, Jarvinen S, Kolehmainen M. Postprandial glycemic responses to a high-protein dairy snack and energy-enriched berry snacks in older adults. Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2022 Oct;51:231-238. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.08.026. Epub 2022 Aug 30.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 2, 2016
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 14, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 22, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): November 25, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 25, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 22, 2019
• Last Verified: November 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: nutrition; insulin; postprandial; glucose; dairy; older people; berries
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Hyperglycemia
• Other Study ID Numbers: MAVIRE2 247124; 4249/31/2014 (Other Grant/Funding Number: Tekes)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No