Adult Sensory Processing Scale (ASPS) Version of Turkish (ASPS)

Cross-cultural Adaptation, Reliability, and Validity of Turkish Adult Sensory Processing Scale (ASPS)

Purpose: Sensory processing is crucial to adaptive behavioral responses in occupational therapy. Nevertheless, information on sensory processing in adults is limited. The Adult Sensory Processing Scale (ASPS) measure behavioral responses indicative of sensory processing in different sensory systems. The aim of the study was to examine the cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the ASPS Turkish (ASPS-T).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sensory Processing Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: no intervention

Detailed Description

The current study comprises three parts: cross-cultural adaptation, piloting, and examination of psychometric properties of the ASPS-T. The researcher contacted the developers of the original ASPS and received written permission from the authors to translate it into Turkish. This study was conducted by the Helsinki Declaration and Uskudar University. Clinical Research Ethical Board approved the study. After receiving both written and oral information about the project, all the study participants provided a signed consent form.

Phase 1: The cross-cultural adaptation process Translating the Turkish version of ASPS and the cross-cultural adaptation procedure was carried out under the guidance of Beaton et al. Translation from English to Turkish was performed by two therapists whose mother tongue is Turkish, also have fluent in English. Each of the translations was reviewed by three therapists, after the consensus on the final version, it was turned down by two native English-speaking translators. The final version was compared with the original version to reveal any inconsistencies; no discrepancies were observed. During the translation phase, minimal adjust were made to address linguistic.

Phase 2: Piloting process A pre-assessment was made with a pilot study to explore ASPS-Turkish's cultural harmony. The translated questionnaire was completed by 20 participants to identify any items that were not coherent. Four participants stated that they could not understand the meaning of avoid-kaçınmak, so investigators suggested yaşamamak, and this was accepted by participants. Three participants could not respond to the first item on factor 10, because participants had not traveled by boat or rides before, so that, investigators added the phrase "all types of vehicles" was added to the sentence. All the authors meet to compare the ASPS-T with the original version and assess its suitability after the minimal change, concluding that the current correction did not cause any loss of the meaning of the word. After the changes, pilot study participants evaluated the intelligibility of the scale with a 1 to 5 Likert scale, and confirm the clearness unanimously of them. Therefore, the final version of the ASPS-T which has minor changes was the best representation of the original, and each item was found to be suitable for Turkish patients. The pilot study participants were not included in the sample. After cultural equivalence had been achieved, 405 healthy individuals aged 18 and over were asked to complete the ASPS questionnaire.

Phase 3: Analysis of psychometric properties Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analysis (EFA and CFA) were used to measure the construct validity of the instrument, and test-retest analysis (interclass correlation coefficient) and Cronbach's alpha were used to evaluate the reliability of the instrument.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 405

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • State
    • Istanbul, State, Turkey, 34662
      • Uskudar University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 64 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Participants consisted of university students, faculty employees, other employees, and their families. Each participant was invited to participate in the study through a face-to-face interview. After receiving both written and oral information about the project, all the participants who volunteered to take part provided a signed consent form. A total of 460 individuals were called to participate in the study and 55 individuals rejected. Fifty-five of the 405 participants were randomly selected to be re-interviewed, and participants completed the questionnaire again for test re-test protocol.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• being aged 18-64 years, able to read and write, and being healthy

Exclusion Criteria:

• Who has a diagnosis of any disorders that preventing from completing the survey such as cancer or cognitive problems.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Case-Only
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

Number of groups / cohorts

1

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Participants; The participants were invited to the study, then each participant was asked to complete the self-report questionnaires.	Other: no intervention; We didn't have an intervention program, we used two questionnaires to evaluate participants.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile	Adult Sensory Processing Scale is designed to measure different behavioral response patterns (over-responding, under-responding, and sensory seeking) of specific sensory systems (tactile, proprioceptive, vestibular, auditory, and visual) that are indicative of sensory processing challenges. Sensory responsiveness models related to different sensory systems in adults have been defined by over-responsiveness, under-responsiveness and sensory-seeking patterns similar to those in children. A total of 11 factors and 48 items are defined and the number of questions for each factor is different. All items are rated on a 5-point Likert scale with Never = 1, Rarely = 2, Sometimes = 3, Often = 4, and Always = 5.	20 minutes
Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profile	The AASP was developed build on Dunn's sensory processing model and is suitable for aged over 11 years. It consists of 60 items and is used to evaluate individuals' sensory processing skills in daily life. Each item is related to responses to sensory input through six different sensory factors that refer to everyday activities, including taste/smell, movement, vision, touch, processing, auditory processing, and activity level. The responses of the participants' sensory stimuli are evaluated in four quadrants: low registration, sensory sensitivity, sensory avoiding, and sensory seeking. The responses record on a Likert scale as almost always, often, sometimes, rarely, and almost never, and the scores of the related items are added to supply the score for each quadrant. The tests to settle the validity and reliability of the AASP were completed by Ucgul et al.	18 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Uskudar University
• Collaborators: Hacettepe University
• Investigators: Study Chair: ORKUN ARAN, PHD, Hacettepe University; Study Chair: SEDEF ŞAHİN, PHD, Hacettepe University; Study Director: ZEYNEP BAHADIR AGCE, PHD, Uskudar University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Blanche EI, Parham D, Chang M, Mallinson T. Development of an Adult Sensory Processing Scale (ASPS). Am J Occup Ther. 2014 Sep-Oct;68(5):531-8. doi: 10.5014/ajot.2014.012484.

Helpful Links

• PUBMED LINK

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 1, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): March 1, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 9, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 13, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): January 19, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 22, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 16, 2021
• Last Verified: January 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Adult; Adult Sensory Processing Scale; Reliability and Validity; Psychometrics; Self-report
• Other Study ID Numbers: 61351342-193

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No