Sensible Sleep: Measuring Alarm and Snooze Behavior in Teens Using Wearables and Smartphones

March 3, 2021 updated by: University of Notre Dame

Sensible Sleep: Measuring Alarm and Snooze Behavior in Teens Using Wearables and Smart Phones

Pilot data suggests that working professionals and college students routinely use alarms and snooze. Alarm usage and snoozing is associated with several negative health biomarkers including lighter sleep, higher resting heart rate, and reduced sleep duration. It is unclear when this behavior is established, but it is likely in the teenage years when chronic sleep restriction begins to effect a large percentage of Americans. We will ask teens about psychological traits (e.g. personality) and snoozing behavior in a repeated measures design. In addition, we will implement a smartphone based intervention which notifies teens when they are awake past their minimum bedtime for adequate sleep. throughout the study, we will monitor sleep and heart-rate via wearable. From this data, we will establish the prevalence of alarm and snoozing behaviors in teens. We will determine what demographic, psychological, and behavioral traits predict snoozing, and if there are any differences in health biomarkers (e.g. sleep duration, resting heart rate)between snooze and/or alarm users. We will use data from the wearables and smartphones to generate features that can detect snoozing, and will validate them against self-report. Finally, we seek to determine if alarm and snoozing behavior can be reduced via a smartphone intervention aimed at increasing sleep duration.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

120

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

13 years to 17 years (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:English as a primary language -

Exclusion Criteria:

-

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: All participants
All participants will have a baseline before all participants undergo intervention. The purpose is to pilot the intervention to establish possible effects, as well as to determine if there are any usability or other issues.
Behavioral: Cell phone notification
Habitual bed and wake times will be detected using a wearable for 4 weeks. Using habitual wake time, a minimum bedtime to achieve adequate sleep will be calculated (8 hours). If phone usage is detected after this minimum bedtime, participants will receive a notification informing them they are awake past their minimum bedtime and recommend they go to bed to obtain adequate sleep.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Sleep Duration
Time Frame: 12 weeks, daily sleep measured passively via wearable
Reduced sleep duration is associated with negative health outcomes. We will compare average baseline and intervention sleep durations (measured by wearables) using 1-way ANCOVA. Covariates will be significant factors from a bivariate logistical regression predicting the proportion of days woken to an alarm or snoozing from total answered survey using demographic, behavioral, psychological, and physiological factors as predictors. If the ANCOVA reveals a significant effect of intervention, a followup ANCOVA will compare average sleep duration for the first two weeks of intervention to the last two weeks of intervention using same covariates to determine if intervention effects change over time. Another follow correlation will compare the number of times the intervention occurred with the average difference of baseline and intervention sleep duration.
12 weeks, daily sleep measured passively via wearable
Resting Heart Rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks, Heart rate measured every minute passively via wearable
Higher resting heart rate (RHR) rate is associated with negative health outcomes. We will compare average baseline and intervention RHR (measured by wearables) using 1-way ANCOVA. Covariates will be significant factors from a bivariate logistical regression predicting the proportion of days woken to an alarm or snoozing from total answered survey using demographic, behavioral, psychological, and physiological factors as predictors. If the ANCOVA reveals a significant effect of intervention, a followup ANCOVA will compare average RHR for the first two weeks of intervention to the last two weeks of intervention using same covariates to determine if intervention effects change over time. Another follow correlation will compare the number of times the intervention occurred with the average difference of baseline and intervention RHR.
12 weeks, Heart rate measured every minute passively via wearable
Alarm and Snooze Self Report
Time Frame: 6 weeks via survey. 2 weeks at beginning of study (BASELINE), 2 weeks at beginning of intervention, 2 weeks at end of intervention
Alarm and Snoozing (AS) behaviors are associated with negative health outcomes. We will compare average baseline and intervention AS proportions using 1-way ANCOVA. Covariates will be significant factors from a bivariate logistical regression predicting the proportion of days woken to an alarm or snoozing from total answered survey using demographic, behavioral, psychological, and physiological factors as predictors. If the ANCOVA reveals a significant effect of intervention, a followup ANCOVA will compare AS proportion for the first two weeks of intervention to the last two weeks of intervention using same covariates to determine if intervention effects change over time. Another follow correlation will compare the number of times the intervention occurred with the average difference of baseline and intervention AS proportion.
6 weeks via survey. 2 weeks at beginning of study (BASELINE), 2 weeks at beginning of intervention, 2 weeks at end of intervention
Reaction Time
Time Frame: 6 weeks via survey. 2 weeks at beginning of study (BASELINE), 2 weeks at beginning of intervention, 2 weeks at end of intervention
Sleep inertia is a cognitive impairment measured using reaction time (RT) following sleep. We will compare average baseline and intervention RTs using 1-way ANCOVA. Covariates will be significant factors from a bivariate logistical regression predicting the proportion of days woken to an alarm or snoozing from total answered survey using demographic, behavioral, psychological, and physiological factors as predictors. If the ANCOVA reveals a significant effect of intervention, a followup ANCOVA will compare RTs for the first two weeks of intervention to the last two weeks of intervention using same covariates to determine if intervention effects change over time. Another follow correlation will compare the number of times the intervention occurred with the average difference of baseline and intervention RTs.
6 weeks via survey. 2 weeks at beginning of study (BASELINE), 2 weeks at beginning of intervention, 2 weeks at end of intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Notre Dame

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Anticipated)

August 1, 2021

Primary Completion (Anticipated)

August 1, 2022

Study Completion (Anticipated)

August 1, 2023

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 3, 2021

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 3, 2021

First Posted (Actual)

March 8, 2021

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 8, 2021

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 3, 2021

Last Verified

March 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 20-10-6256

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Stress

Clinical Trials on Cell phone notification

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Mexico

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

3
Subscribe