The Effects of Mindfulness-based Psychoeducation Program on Young People (MBPP)

The Effect of A Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Program Applied With Distance Education on the Psychological Well-Being, Emotional Intelligence and Stress Levels of Youth: A Randomized Controlled Study

Purpose: The fact that young people starting university during the pandemic period continue this academic period with distance education increases the stress they experience. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of mindfulness-based psychoeducation program applied with distance education on the psychological well-being, emotional intelligence, and stress levels of youth.

Method: This study was conducted in a randomized controlled manner with a pretest-posttest control group random design model. The population of the study consisted of 120 newly enrolled students in the nursing department of a foundation university, and the sample consisted of a total of 59 students who met the inclusion criteria of the study. In the sample, while 29 students formed the intervention group, 30 students formed the control group. Mindfulness-Based Psychoeducation Program (MBPP) was applied to the intervention group twice a week for 4 weeks. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14), Psychological Well-Being Scale (PWB), and Revised Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale (SEIS) were used as measurement tools. Further, t-test, Mann Whitney U analysis, and Wilcoxon signed-row test were used in the analysis of the data.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Stress; Mindfulness; Psychological Well-being; Nursing; Emotional Intelligence
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Mindfulness-based psychoeducation program; Other: ongoing life

Detailed Description

Population-Sample: The population of this study consisted of 1st grade students registered at Maltepe University School of Nursing in the 2020-2021 academic year. 64 students who met the criteria for participating in the study (over 18 years of age, without a psychiatric diagnosis, who did not practice mindfulness before, who did not meditate, whose mother tongue was Turkish, who scored above the cut-off point (25˂) in the perceived stress scale) and declared their willingness to be a voluntary participant formed the sample. G*Power 3.1.9.2 program was used to estimate the number of samples (Faul, Erdfelder, Lang et al. (2007). In order to calculate the effect size in power analysis, the relevant literature was examined and the study by Yılmaz (2021) was taken as a basis. The effect size value (Cohen's d) calculated with the emotional intelligence score averages and standard deviations (intervention group= 92.73 ± 13.01; control group = 81.80 ± 8.95) of the intervention and control groups presented in Yılmaz's (2021) study was calculated as .98. In this study, it was determined that, for the one-tailed hypothesis, the minimum number of samples to be included in the study with an effect size of .98, a margin of error of 0.05, and a power of 0.95 should be 48 people in total, 24 for each group (intervention group = 24; control group = 24). Participants were numbered from 1 to 64, and 32 intervention and 32 control groups were created from the www.random.org site, taking into account the possibility of data loss. During the application process, 2 people from the intervention group did not want to continue after the first session, 1 person had long-term internet connection problems, and 2 people from the control group did not fill out the second measurement forms (drop out). The study was completed as 29 intervention and 30 control groups.

Data collection and program application:

Before starting the research, the ethics committee decision dated 08/01/2021 and numbered 2021/01-11 was taken from X Ethics Committee. Data were collected online via google forms. On the first day of the application, other scales except the Perceived Stress Scale were applied simultaneously to the intervention and control groups. The intervention group was given a program for 4 weeks, with 2 sessions per week and each session 90 minutes. At the end of the program, data collection tools were applied to both groups simultaneously again. During this period, no application was made to the control group.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 59
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey, 34857
    • Maltepe University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 25 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Over 18 years old,
• Without a psychiatric diagnosis,
• Have not done awareness practices before,
• Not meditating,
• Not a foreign national,
• Those who score moderately and above on the Perceived Stress Scale
• Those who volunteered to participate in the study

Exclusion Criteria:

• Those who scored less than 25 on the perceived stress scale.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: mindfulness-based psychoeducation program; The group in which the mindfulness-based psychoeducation program was applied.	Other: Mindfulness-based psychoeducation program; In this study, a mindfulness-based psychoeducation program was applied to the experimental group, 2 times a week for 4 weeks, with a total of 8 sessions, including methods such as meditation, body scanning, mindful eating, and breathing work. Measurement tools were applied to the experimental and control groups before and after the program.
Active Comparator: control group; The group in which no intervention was made and only the pre-test and post-test were applied for comparison.	Other: ongoing life; The control group continued with their lives without any intervention. Only pre-test and post-test were applied. While the program was applied to the experimental group, no intervention was made to the control group.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change of psychological well-being after 4 weeks.	Psychological Well-Being Scale: The items of the Psychological Well-Being Scale are answered between 1 and 7, as strongly disagree (1) to strongly agree (7). Scores range from 8 to 56. A high score indicates that the person has many psychological resources and strengths.	baseline and 4 weeks.
Change of emotional intelligence level after 4 weeks.	Revised Schutte Emotional Intelligence Scale: The scale, which was studied using the total score, has three sub-dimensions and consists of 41 items. It is a Likert-type scale with items scored between 1 and 5 (1: Never, 5: Always). If the total score of the scale is high, it means that the level of emotional intelligence is also high.	baseline and 4 weeks.
Change of perceived stress level after 4 weeks.	Perceived Stress Scale: Consisting of 14 items in total, PSS-14 is designed to measure how stressful situations in a person's life are perceived. The scores of the PSS-14 vary between 0 and 56, and the high score indicates a high perception of stress (cut-off point > 25).	baseline and 4 weeks.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Maltepe University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 10, 2021
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): September 30, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: December 6, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 15, 2022
• First Posted (Actual): December 16, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 16, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 15, 2022
• Last Verified: December 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: stress; nursing; emotional intelligence; psychological well-being; Minfulness
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2021/01-11

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No