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Engineering an Online STI Prevention Program: CSE2

3. juli 2019 opdateret af: Linda Collins, Penn State University

The Intersection of Alcohol and Sex: Engineering an Online STI Prevention Program

The overall objective of the proposed research is to reduce the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among college students. The investigators propose to accomplish this by using the innovative, engineering-inspired multiphase optimization strategy (MOST) to develop a highly effective, appealing, economical, and readily scalable internet-delivered behavioral intervention targeting the intersection of alcohol use and sexual risk behavior. The rate of STIs on college campuses is alarming: one in four college students is diagnosed with an STI at least once during their college experience. Sexual activity when drinking alcohol is highly prevalent among college students. Alcohol use is known to contribute to the sexual risk behaviors that are most responsible for the transmission of STIs, namely unprotected sex, contact with numerous partners, and "hook-ups" (casual sexual encounters). Few interventions have been developed that explicitly target the intersection of alcohol use and sexual risk behaviors, and none have been optimized. In order to reduce the incidence of STI transmission among this and other high-risk groups, a new approach is needed. MOST is a comprehensive methodological framework that brings the power of engineering principles to bear on optimization of behavioral interventions. MOST enables researchers to experimentally test the individual components in an intervention to determine their effectiveness, indicating which components need to be revised and re-tested. Given the high rates of alcohol use and sex among college students, the college setting provides an ideal opportunity for intervening on alcohol use and sexual risk behaviors. The proposed study will include a diverse population of college students on 4 campuses which will increase the generalizability of the findings. The specific aims are to (1) develop and pilot test an initial set of online intervention components targeting the link between alcohol use and sexual risk behaviors, (2) use the MOST approach to build an optimized preventive intervention, and (3) evaluate the effectiveness of the newly optimized preventive intervention using a fully powered randomized controlled trial (RCT). This work will result in a new, more potent behavioral intervention that will reduce the incidence of STIs among college students in the US, and will lay the groundwork for a new generation of highly effective STI prevention interventions aimed at other subpopulations at risk.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

As part of the MOST approach, the investigators will conduct a series of screening experiments to build an optimized intervention. The current study is the second (of two) screening experiments. The first screening experiment corresponds to clinicaltrials.gov ID # NCT02897804.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

2946

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

    • California
      • Fresno, California, Forenede Stater, 93740
        • Fresno State University
    • North Dakota
      • Fargo, North Dakota, Forenede Stater, 58108
        • North Dakota State University
    • Tennessee
      • Murfreesboro, Tennessee, Forenede Stater, 37132
        • Middle Tennessee State University
    • Texas
      • College Station, Texas, Forenede Stater, 77843
        • Texas A&M University

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

18 år til 30 år (Voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Currently enrolled at an American college or university
  • A first-year student or first-year transfer student
  • 18 years of age or older
  • Have not gone through previous versions of itMatters before

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Not a first-year student or transfer student
  • Younger than 18 years of age
  • Have gone through previous versions of itMatters

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Forebyggelse
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Faktoriel opgave
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Kun viden
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Increase knowledge relate d STIs, STI risk, alcohol impairment, condom use skills, alcohol use behavior tracking skills, testing & treatment services.
Eksperimentel: Self-efficacy alene
Deltagerne vil have adgang til vidensmodulet plus self-efficacy-modulet i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Increase self-efficacy to us e protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Alene påbudsnormer
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus påbudsnormmodulet i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking.
Eksperimentel: Beskrivende normer og self-efficacy
Deltagerne vil have adgang til vidensmodulet plus de beskrivende normer og self-efficacy moduler i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Korriger fejlopfattelser af forekomsten af ​​alkohol-induceret seksuel risikoadfærd, alkoholbrug/misbrug og seksuel risikoadfærd og øg selveffektiviteten for at bruge beskyttende adfærdsstrategier (f.eks. kondomforhandlingsevner) for at reducere ubeskyttet sex.
Eksperimentel: Beskrivende normer og oplevede fordele
Deltagerne vil have adgang til vidensmodulet plus de beskrivende normer og opfattede fordele moduler i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Korriger fejlopfattelser af udbredelsen af ​​alkohol-induceret seksuel risikoadfærd, alkoholbrug/misbrug og seksuel risikoadfærd og øg opfattede fordele ved at bruge beskyttende adfærdsstrategier til at reducere de negative konsekvenser af at engagere sig i seksuel adfærd under påvirkning af alkohol.
Eksperimentel: Beskrivende normer og påbudsnormer
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus modulerne beskrivende normer og påbudsnormer i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors and correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking.
Eksperimentel: Forventninger alene
Deltagerne får adgang til vidensmodulet plus forventningsmodulet i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Reducer forventningen om, at alkohol er nødvendig for at have et godt seksuelt møde.
Eksperimentel: Forventninger og self-efficacy
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus forventnings- og self-efficacy-modulerne i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Reducer forventningen om, at alkohol er nødvendig for at have et godt seksuelt møde, og øg selveffektiviteten for at bruge beskyttende adfærdsstrategier (f.eks. kondomforhandlingsevner) for at reducere ubeskyttet sex.
Eksperimentel: Forventninger og oplevede fordele
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus modulerne forventninger og oplevede fordele i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter and increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol.
Eksperimentel: Forventninger og påbudsnormer
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus modulerne forventninger og påbudsnormer i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Reducer forventningen om, at alkohol er nødvendig for at have et godt seksuelt møde og korrigere misforståelser vedrørende godkendelse af alkoholmisbrug og seksuel risikotagning.
Eksperimentel: Forventninger, påbudsnormer og fordele
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus forventninger, påbudsnormer og opfattede fordele moduler i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; and increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol.
Eksperimentel: Forventninger, påbudsnormer, fordele, effektivitet
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus forventninger, påbudsnormer, oplevede fordele og self-efficacy moduler i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Reducer forventningen om, at alkohol er nødvendig for at have et godt seksuelt møde; korrigere misforståelser vedrørende godkendelse af alkoholmisbrug og seksuel risikotagning; øge opfattede fordele ved at bruge beskyttende adfærdsstrategier til at reducere de negative konsekvenser af at engagere sig i seksuel adfærd under påvirkning af alkohol; og øge selveffektiviteten til at bruge beskyttende adfærdsstrategier (f.eks. kondomforhandlingsevner) for at reducere ubeskyttet sex.
Eksperimentel: Forventninger og beskrivende normer
Deltagerne vil have adgang til videnmodulet plus modulerne forventninger og beskrivende normer i en periode på op til 3 uger.
Reducer forventningen om, at alkohol er nødvendig for at have et godt seksuelt møde og korrigere misforståelser af forekomsten af ​​alkohol-induceret seksuel risikoadfærd, alkoholbrug/misbrug og seksuel risikoadfærd.
Eksperimentel: Perceived benefits alone
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the perceived benefits module for a period up to 3 weeks. *Also referred to as 'benefits' in other arm descriptions**
Øge de opfattede fordele ved at bruge beskyttende adfærdsstrategier til at reducere de negative konsekvenser af at engagere sig i seksuel adfærd under påvirkning af alkohol.
Eksperimentel: Benefits and self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus perceived benefits and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Injunctive norms and self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus injunctive norms and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Ret misforståelser vedrørende godkendelse af alkoholmisbrug og seksuel risikotagning, og øg selveffektiviteten for at bruge beskyttende adfærdsstrategier (f.eks. kondomforhandlingsevner) for at reducere ubeskyttet sex.
Eksperimentel: Injunctive norms and benefits
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus injunctive norms and perceived benefits modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking and increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Injunctive norms, benefits, self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the injunctive norms, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Descriptive norms alone
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the descriptive norms modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Korriger fejlopfattelser af forekomsten af ​​alkohol-induceret seksuel risikoadfærd, alkoholbrug/misbrug og seksuel risikoadfærd.
Eksperimentel: Descriptive norms, benefits, self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the descriptive norms, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Descriptive and injunctive norms, self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the injunctive norms and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
orrect misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Descriptive and injunctive norms, and benefits
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and perceived benefits modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; and increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol.
Eksperimentel: Descriptive & injunctive norms, benefits, efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the descriptive norms, injunctive norms, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol; and Increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, benefits, self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, injunctive norms, self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies, injunctive norms, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, descriptive norms, self-efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies, descriptive norms, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, descriptive norms, benefits
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies, descriptive norms, and perceived benefits modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; and increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, descriptive norms, benefits, efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies, descriptive norms, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, descriptive and injunctive norms
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies , descriptive norms, and injunctive norms modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Reducer forventningen om, at alkohol er nødvendig for at have et godt seksuelt møde; korrigere forkerte opfattelser af udbredelsen af ​​alkohol-induceret seksuel risikoadfærd, alkoholbrug/misbrug og seksuel risikoadfærd; og korrigere misforståelser vedrørende godkendelse af alkoholmisbrug og seksuel risikotagning.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, descriptive & injunctive norms, efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies , descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, descriptive & injunctive norms, benefits
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies, descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and perceived benefits modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; and increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol.
Eksperimentel: Expectancies, descriptive & injunctive, benefits, efficacy
Participants will have access to the knowledge module plus the expectancies, descriptive norms, injunctive norms, perceived benefits, and self-efficacy modules for a period up to 3 weeks.
Decrease the expectation that alcohol is needed to have good sexual encounter; correct misperceptions of prevalence of alcohol-induced sexual risk behaviors, alcohol use/misuse, and sexual risk behaviors; correct misperceptions regarding approval of alcohol misuse & sexual risk taking; increase perceived benefits to use protective behavioral strategies to reduce the negative consequences of engaging in sexual behaviors under the influence of alcohol; and increase self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies (e.g., condom negotiation skills) to reduce unprotected sex.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Descriptive norms about the intersection of alcohol and sex collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
This scale consists of 6 items and will be created as a weighted scale score. Analyses will report the mean and standard deviation and expected mean values from a regression analysis. The scale will reflect the average perceived prevalence of the alcohol and sex behaviors.
This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
Injunctive norms about the intersection of alcohol and sex collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: his measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
This scale consists of 6 items and will be created as a weighted scale score. Analyses will report the mean and standard deviation and expected mean values from a regression analysis. The scale will reflect the average perceived approval of the alcohol and sex behaviors, ranging from strongly disapprove to strongly approve.
his measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
Expectancies about the intersection of alcohol use and sex collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
This scale consists of 10 items and will be created as a weighted scale score. Analyses will report the mean and standard deviation and expected mean values from a regression analysis. The scale will reflect the average number of drinks expected to experience the 10 different outcomes.
This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
Perceived benefits about using protective behavioral strategies collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
This scale consists of 11 items and will be created as a weighted scale score. Analyses will report the mean and standard deviation and expected mean values from a regression analysis. The scale will reflect the average likelihood of contracting an STI using the listed behaviors.
This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
Self-efficacy to use protective behavioral strategies collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.
This scale consists of 9 items and will be created as a weighted scale score. Analyses will report the mean and standard deviation and expected mean values from a regression analysis. The scale will reflect the average level of confidence is using protective behavioral strategies to reduce the risk of contracting and STI, ranging from not at all confident to extremely confident.
This measure will be assessed immediately following the 3-week intervention.

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Binge drinking behavior collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: This measure will be assessed 1 month following the completion of the intervention.
This item asks how many times in the past two weeks a male has 5 or more drinks in a 2-hour period (or females 4 or more drinks in a 2-hour period). This variable will be collapsed into 1 or more times versus other and reported as a prevalence of this behavior and used as a dichotomous outcome in regression analyses.
This measure will be assessed 1 month following the completion of the intervention.
Unprotected sex behavior at most recent sex collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: This measure will be assessed 1 month following the completion of the intervention.
This item asks whether or not a condom was used for oral, anal or vaginal sex. This variable will be collapsed into a dichotomous variable with unprotected anal or vaginal sex versus other and reported as a prevalence of this behavior and used as a dichotomous outcome in regression analyses.
This measure will be assessed 1 month following the completion of the intervention.
Penetrative sex at most recent hookup collected via an online questionnaire.
Tidsramme: This measure will be assessed 1 month following the completion of the intervention.
This item asks whether or not the most recent hookup included vaginal or anal sex. This variable will be collapsed into a dichotomous variable with penetrative sex versus other and reported as a prevalence of this behavior and used as a dichotomous outcome in regression analyses.
This measure will be assessed 1 month following the completion of the intervention.

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Samarbejdspartnere

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

18. september 2017

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

31. december 2017

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

31. december 2017

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

17. januar 2018

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

17. januar 2018

Først opslået (Faktiske)

24. januar 2018

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

5. juli 2019

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

3. juli 2019

Sidst verificeret

1. juli 2019

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • R01AA022931-2
  • R01AA022931 (U.S. NIH-bevilling/kontrakt)

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

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