IUD Insertion During Cesarean Section

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Pregnant woman aged between 18 to 40 years old.
2. Scheduled for elective cesarean section at gestational age between 37 to 42 weeks.
3. Body mass index between 19-30 kg/m2
4. Seeking contraception after delivery.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. History of menorrhagia or severe dysmenorrhea.
2. History of pelvic inflammatory disease or current pelvic infection (ex: puerperal sepsis, purulent cervicitis).
3. Patients who have bleeding disorders.
4. Anemia (Hb < 9 g %).
5. Chronic depilating diseases reducing immunity such as Diabetes.
6. Structural uterine anomaly or large uterine fibroids distorting anatomy.
7. History of previous IUD expulsion or removal for complications.
8. Unexplained uterine bleeding.
9. Copper allergy or Wilson disease.
10. Gestational trophoblastic disease with persistently elevated Beta HCG.
11. Predisposing factor to postoperative infection (e.g. rupture of membranes prior to admission or delivery of a stillborn baby at cesarean section).
12. Complications during cesarean section e.g. postpartum hemorrhage.
13. Cesarean section during placenta previa.