Clofarabine, Idarubicin, and Cytarabine Combination in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Induction

September 10, 2018 updated by: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Clofarabine, Idarubicin, and Cytarabine Combination as Induction Therapy for Younger Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)

The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if the combination of clofarabine, cytarabine, and idarubicin can help to control Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in patients who are between the ages of 18 and 60 years old. The safety of this study drug combination will also be studied.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The Study Drugs:

Clofarabine is designed to interfere with the growth and development of cancer cells.

Idarubicin is designed to cause breaks in DNA (the genetic material of cells) of cancer cells and interfere with their growth and development.

Cytarabine is designed to insert itself into DNA of cancer cells and stop the DNA from repairing itself.

Study Drug Administration:

If you are found to be eligible to take part in this study, you will receive the study drug combination over 1 or 2 "Induction Cycles" of treatment. Whether or not you receive a second Induction Cycle depends on the disease's response to the first Induction Cycle. Each Induction Cycle will last about 4-6 weeks, depending on your reaction to the study drugs. During each Induction Cycle, you will receive the study drugs by the following schedule:

  • Clofarabine, by vein, over 1-2 hours on Days 1-5.
  • Cytarabine, by vein, over 2-3 hours on Days 1-5.
  • Idarubicin, by vein, over about 30-60 minutes on Days 1-3.

If the disease shows a response to the treatment during the Induction Cycle(s), you may continue to receive up to 6 "Consolidation Cycles" of treatment. Each Consolidation Cycle will last about 3-10 weeks, depending on your reaction to the study drugs. During each Consolidation Cycle, you will receive the study drugs by the following schedule:

  • Clofarabine, by vein, over 1-2 hours on Days 1-3.
  • Cytarabine, by vein, over 2-3 hours on Days 1-3.
  • Idarubicin, by vein, over 30-60 minutes on Days 1-2.

Study Visits:

On Day 1 of every cycle:

  • You will have a physical exam, including measurement of your weight and vital signs.
  • Your performance status will be recorded.
  • Blood (about 1-2 teaspoons) will be drawn for routine tests.

Throughout the study, you will have blood and bone marrow tests to check the status of the disease and to help the doctor decide if you need additional cycles of treatment. Blood (about 1-2 tablespoons each time) will be drawn 2 times each week for routine tests during the Induction Cycles. This blood will also be drawn every week during the Consolidation Cycles.

About 3 weeks after you first receive the study drugs, you will have a bone marrow aspirate to check the status of the disease. After that, you will have a bone marrow aspirate every 2 weeks (or more often if your doctor thinks it is needed). However, if the routine blood tests show that there is still leukemia present, these bone marrow samples may not need to be collected.

You will need to stay in Houston for up to the first 5 weeks of treatment. After that, you will need to return to Houston to receive treatment, but you can have check-up visits and blood tests with your local doctor in between treatments.

Length of Study:

You will be able to receive the study drugs for up to 8 cycles (a maximum of 2 induction cycles and 6 consolidation cycles). You will be taken off study if the disease gets worse or you experience any intolerable side effects.

Follow-up Scan:

Within 8 weeks after you have stopped taking the study drug, you will have an echocardiogram or a Multiple gate acquisition scan (MUGA) scan to check your heart function.

This is an investigational study. Cytarabine and idarubicin are both FDA approved and commercially available for the treatment of patients with AML. Clofarabine is FDA approved and commercially available for the treatment of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The use of this drug combination for the treatment of AML is investigational.

Up to 60 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at M. D. Anderson.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

63

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Texas
      • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
        • UT MD Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 60 years (ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Diagnosis of AML (World Health Organization (WHO) classification)
  2. Patients must be chemotherapy-naïve, i.e. not have received any prior cytotoxic chemotherapy for AML (with the exception of hydroxyurea). They could have received prior therapy with hypomethylating agents, targeted, or biological agents.
  3. Age 18 to 60 years.
  4. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status </= 2.
  5. Serum creatinine </= 1.0 mg/dL; if serum creatinine > 1.0 mg/dL, then the estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) must be > 60 mL/min/1.73m^2 as calculated by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation where Predicted GFR (ml/min/1.73m^2)=186 * (serum creatinine)^-1.154 x (age in years)^-0.023 * (0.742 if patient is female) * (1.212 if patient is black), where SCr is serum creatinine measured in mg/dL. serum bilirubin </= 1.5 * upper limit of normal (ULN) (unless increase is due to hemolysis or a congenital disorder); serum transaminases (SGPT and/or SGOT) </= 2.5 * ULN.
  6. Cardiac ejection fraction >/= 45% (by either echocardiography or MUGA scan).
  7. Ability to understand and provide signed informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
  2. Any coexisting medical condition that in the judgment of the treating physician is likely to interfere with study procedures or results.
  3. Nursing women, women of childbearing potential with positive urine pregnancy test, or women of childbearing potential who are not willing to maintain adequate contraception (such as birth control pills, intrauterine device (IUD), diaphragm, abstinence, or condoms by their partner) over the entire course of therapy.
  4. Active and uncontrolled infection requiring therapy with IV antibiotics or antifungal therapy. Prior or concurrent history of one or more opportunistic infections (e.g., cytomegalovirus, Pneumocystis carinii, aspergillosis, histoplasmosis, or mycobacteria other than TB).

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: NA
  • Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
  • Masking: NONE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Clofarabine, Cytarabine + Idarubicin
Induction Cycle: Clofarabine 20 mg/m^2 intravenous (IV) daily for 5 days; Idarubicin 10 mg/m^2 IV daily for 3 days; Cytarabine 1 g/m^2 IV daily for 5 days
Drug: Clofarabine
Induction Cycle: 20 mg/m^2 IV over approximately 1 hour daily for 5 days (days 1-5)
Other Names:
  • Clofarex
  • Clolar
Drug: Idarubicin
Induction Cycle: 10 mg/m^2 IV over approximately 30 minutes daily for 3 days (days 1-3), following clofarabine by 1 to 2 hours
Other Names:
  • Idamycin
Drug: Cytarabine
Induction Cycle: 1 g/m^2 IV over approximately 2 hours daily for 5 days (days 1-5), follow clofarabine by 3 to 6 hours.
Other Names:
  • Ara-C
  • Cytosar
  • DepoCyt
  • Cytosine Arabinosine Hydrochloride

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Overall Response: Number of Participants With Complete Remission or Complete Remission Without Platelet Recovery
Time Frame: 8 weeks after Induction therapy (induction cycle 4-6 weeks)
Overall Response (CR+CRp) defined as Complete remission (CR): Disappearance of all clinical and/or radiologic evidence of disease. Neutrophil count > 1.0 x 10^9/L and platelet count > 100 x 10^9/L, and normal bone marrow differential (< 5% blasts); and, Complete Remission without Platelet Recovery (CRp): Peripheral blood and bone marrow results as for CR, but with platelet counts of < 100 x 10^9/L. Response evaluated within 8 weeks after induction therapy.
8 weeks after Induction therapy (induction cycle 4-6 weeks)
Median Event-Free Survival (EFS)
Time Frame: 2 years
Event-free survival (EFS) defined as time from start of treatment to first documentation of disease relapse or death. Bayesian time-to-event model will be used to monitor progression free survival.
2 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

M.D. Anderson Cancer Center

Collaborators

Genzyme, a Sanofi Company

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Stefan Faderl, MD, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

January 1, 2010

Primary Completion (ACTUAL)

February 1, 2013

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

February 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

December 1, 2009

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 1, 2009

First Posted (ESTIMATE)

December 3, 2009

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)

October 9, 2018

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 10, 2018

Last Verified

September 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2009-0431

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Clinical Trials on Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Clinical Trials on Clofarabine

Search Similar Trials

Sponsors and Collaborators

Medical Conditions

Drug Interventions

CROs by country

CROs in Peru

Conditions

Rare Diseases

Drug Interventions

Dietary Supplements

Sponsor/Collaborators

Locations

3
Subscribe