- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT01664741
Nicotine Dependence, Withdrawal and Replacement Therapy Assessed by PET Imaging
April 18, 2019 updated by: Johns Hopkins University
The proposed research will provide significant new gender-specific information of scientific and clinical relevance on the function of the mu-opioid system in nicotine dependence and therapeutic effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT).
The studies will help to explain the differences in the prevalence of smoking in men and women, sex-specific differences in nicotine craving and withdrawal as well as the poorer therapeutic response to NRT.
This work may pave the way to the design of improved pharmacotherapies that can more effectively target the endogenous opioid system in the treatment of nicotine dependence.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
While smoking prevalence has declined for both men and women over the last two decades, rates among women have shown a much shallower decrease and, in recent years, prevalence of cigarette initiation has been higher for girls than boys.
Smoking among women of child-bearing age has significant negative health consequences for mother and child, increasing fetal and infant morbidity and mortality.
Women are both less likely to initiate a quit attempt and more likely to relapse if these women do quit.
Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), still the most widely used smoking treatment intervention in the United States, is less effective for women compared with men, and women report less craving reduction on NRT.
The endogenous opioid system is involved in smoking initiation, nicotine craving and reward as well as nicotine withdrawal symptoms.
Interestingly, research suggests that sexual dimorphic features of the endogenous mu-opioid system may in part explain gender differences in nicotine effects.
To better understand the role of the mu-opioid system in poorer NRT responses in women, this proposal will examine NRT effects on mu opioid receptor binding potential (MOR BP) in female compared to male smokers during active versus placebo NRT.
Specifically, nicotine dependent women and men in active smoking status will undergo PET imaging for MOR BP measurement using 11C-carfentanil.
Following baseline PET measurement in active smoking (scan 1), smokers will be randomized to active or placebo nicotine replacement therapy ((A-NRT or P-NRT); 72 hours later, a second scan will be obtained.
As a reference group, demographically-matched women and men who have never smoked will undergo two scans as well.
Behavioral measurements of nicotine reward, craving and withdrawal will be obtained repeatedly across the protocol.
The proposed research will provide significant new, gender-specific information of scientific and clinical relevance on the function of the mu-opioid system in nicotine dependence and therapeutic effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy.
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
127
Phase
- Phase 4
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
-
-
Maryland
-
Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21205
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
21 years to 60 years (Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Genders Eligible for Study
All
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- 21 - 60 years old
- must meet DSM-IV criteria for nicotine dependence and be actively smoking
Exclusion Criteria: subjects must meet study guidelines for medical and mental health status.
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Treatment
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Triple
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Active Comparator: Nicotine patch - transdermal
21 mg nicotine patch
|
21 mg patch
Other Names:
|
Placebo Comparator: Placebo NRT
Matching placebo patch
|
|
No Intervention: Healthy non-smoker comparison
Demographically-matched women and men who have never smoked
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Change in Mu-opioid Receptor Binding Potential (BP) Between Baseline and Post-patch Scans
Time Frame: 90 minutes
|
BP provides an estimate of the product of the density of available receptors (Bmax' or the receptor density Bmax less those occupied by endogenous transmitters) and the affinity [1/equilibrium dissociation constant (KD)].
We use reference tissue graphical analysis (RTGA) to obtain regional BP values using occipital lobe as a reference region.
Negative BP change means means a decrease in the BP and positive BP change means an increase in the BP.
|
90 minutes
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Relationship Between Change in Mu-opioid Receptor Binding Potential and Visual Analog Craving Scale Score
Time Frame: 72 hours
|
Regression measure (β) between change in mu-opioid receptor binding potential between baseline scan and post-treatment scan in the left amygdala and mean Craving Visual Analog Scale score on Days 2 - 4 of the Clinical Research Unit stay.
Craving visual analog scale ranges from 0 (not at all) to 20 (worst ever).
|
72 hours
|
Relationship Between Change in Mu-opioid Receptor Binding Potential and Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale Score
Time Frame: 72 hours
|
Regression measure (β) between change in mu-opioid receptor binding potential between baseline scan and post-treatment scan and mean Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale (MNWS) score on Days 2 - 4 of the Clinical Research Unit stay.
The MNWS is a self-report measure that consists of 14 nicotine withdrawal symptoms each rated on a 0 - 4 response scale for severity over the past 24 hours.
Higher scores are indicative of greater nicotine withdrawal severity.
|
72 hours
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: Mary E McCaul, Ph.D., Johns Hopkins University
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
April 1, 2012
Primary Completion (Actual)
May 1, 2018
Study Completion (Actual)
December 1, 2018
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
August 10, 2012
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
August 13, 2012
First Posted (Estimate)
August 14, 2012
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
May 9, 2019
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
April 18, 2019
Last Verified
April 1, 2019
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
- Mental Disorders
- Chemically-Induced Disorders
- Substance-Related Disorders
- Tobacco Use Disorder
- Physiological Effects of Drugs
- Neurotransmitter Agents
- Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action
- Autonomic Agents
- Peripheral Nervous System Agents
- Cholinergic Agents
- Ganglionic Stimulants
- Nicotinic Agonists
- Cholinergic Agonists
- Nicotine
Other Study ID Numbers
- NA_00036996
- R01DA026823 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
NO
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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