Safety and Efficacy of TAK-385 for Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer

A Phase 2, Randomized, Open-Label, Parallel Group Study Evaluating the Safety and Efficacy of TAK-385, an Oral Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) Antagonist, for Patients With Localized Prostate Cancer Requiring Neoadjuvant and Adjuvant Androgen Deprivation Therapy With External Beam Radiation Therapy (EBRT)

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of TAK-385 for achieving and maintaining testosterone suppression.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Prostate Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: TAK-385; Drug: Degarelix

Detailed Description

The drug being tested in this study is called TAK-385. Men with prostate cancer benefit from receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to minimize testosterone levels before, during and after EBRT. This combination increases the potential success of treating their disease. This study will see if TAK-385 [an oral gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonist] brings testosterone levels down sufficiently, with the convenience and comfort of taking a pill. It will look at the time it takes to restore testosterone levels after radiation therapy as well. One hundred participants will be assigned by chance (like flipping a coin) to a treatment group: 60 to TAK-385, and 40 to degarelix.

Those assigned to TAK-385 will take a daily pill. Those assigned to degarelix will receive an injection under the skin once every four weeks at the clinic. They will start radiation therapy when testosterone is low enough, after at least 12 weeks of treatment. This trial will be conducted at clinics in the United States (US) and United Kingdom (UK). Participants will visit the clinic up to 14 times over 37 weeks for physical exams and blood tests, and might receive one follow-up telephone call.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 103
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • East Sussex
    • Brighton, East Sussex, United Kingdom
  • Greater Manchester
    • Manchester, Greater Manchester, United Kingdom
  • Merseyside
    • Wirral, Merseyside, United Kingdom
  • Somerset
    • Taunton, Somerset, United Kingdom
  • Surrey
    • Sutton, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • West Midlands
    • Birmingham, West Midlands, United Kingdom
• United States
  • Alabama
    • Birmingham, Alabama, United States
  • California
    • San Diego, California, United States
  • Colorado
    • Denver, Colorado, United States
  • Florida
    • Bradenton, Florida, United States
    • Daytona Beach, Florida, United States
    • Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States
    • Fort Myers, Florida, United States
    • Plantation, Florida, United States
  • Indiana
    • Jeffersonville, Indiana, United States
  • Kansas
    • Wichita, Kansas, United States
  • Louisiana
    • Shreveport, Louisiana, United States
  • Nebraska
    • Omaha, Nebraska, United States
  • New York
    • Syracuse, New York, United States
  • Ohio
    • Columbus, Ohio, United States
  • Oregon
    • Eugene, Oregon, United States
  • South Carolina
    • Myrtle Beach, South Carolina, United States
  • Texas
    • Dallas, Texas, United States
    • San Antonio, Texas, United States
  • Virginia
    • Virginia Beach, Virginia, United States

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Is male, 18 years of age or older.

2. Has histologically confirmed diagnosis of localized prostate adenocarcinoma of intermediate risk for which 6-month neoadjuvant and adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) to EBRT is indicated. Intermediate risk per National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) guidelines includes one of the following:

   1. T2b-T2c disease, or
   2. Gleason score 7, or
   3. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 10-20 nanogram per milliliter (ng/mL).
3. Is scheduled for EBRT to begin greater than or equal to (>=) 12 weeks after the Baseline visit.
4. Has serum testosterone at screening greater then (>) 150 nanogram per deciliter (ng/dL) (5.2 nanomoles per liter [nmol/L]).
5. Has screening serum PSA concentration >2 ng/mL.
6. Has body mass index (BMI) >=18.0 at screening or baseline.
7. Has Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status of 0 or 1 at screening or baseline.
8. Is a male participant, even if surgically sterilized (that is, status postvasectomy), who: Agrees to practice effective barrier contraception during the entire study treatment period and through 4 months after the last dose of study drug, or, Agrees to practice true abstinence, when this is in line with the preferred and usual lifestyle of the participant. (Periodic abstinence [example, calendar, ovulation, symptothermal, postovulation methods for the female partner] and withdrawal are not acceptable methods of contraception.).
9. Has given voluntary written consent before performance of any study-related procedure not part of standard medical care, with the understanding that consent may be withdrawn by the participant at any time without prejudice to future medical care.
10. Has suitable venous access for the study-required blood sampling, including pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic sampling.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Has metastatic disease (based on investigator evaluation and assuming no likely metastatic pelvic lymph nodes >1.0 cm in long axis diameter).
2. Had prior or current use of a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog or androgen receptor antagonist as first-line hormone therapy, unless total use was less than 6 months and not more recently than 1 year before the planned baseline visit.
3. Had diagnosis of or treatment for another malignancy within 2 years before the first dose of study drug, or previous diagnosis of another malignancy with evidence of residual disease. Participants with nonmelanoma skin cancer or carcinoma in situ of any type are not excluded if they have undergone complete resection.

4. Has abnormal screening and/or baseline laboratory values that suggest a clinically significant underlying disease, or the following laboratory values:

   1. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and/or aspartate aminotransferase (AST) >1.5 * institutional upper limit of the normal range (ULN);
   2. Serum creatinine >2.0 milligram per deciliter (mg/dL);
   3. Total bilirubin >2.0 * institutional ULN (unless documented Gilbert's disease);
   4. Uncontrolled diabetes (Hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] >10 [percent] %) or previously undiagnosed diabetes mellitus with HbA1c >8%.
5. Has history of myocardial infarction, unstable symptomatic ischemic heart disease, any ongoing cardiac arrhythmias of Grade >2 (chronic stable atrial fibrillation on stable anticoagulant therapy is allowed), thromboembolic events (example, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or symptomatic cerebrovascular events), or any other significant cardiac condition (example, pericardial effusion, restrictive cardiomyopathy) within 6 months before receiving the first dose of study drug.

6. Has electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities of:

   1. Q-wave infarction, unless identified 6 or more months before screening;
   2. Heart rate-corrected QT interval millisecond (msec) (QTcF interval) >480 msec. If QTcF is prolonged in a participant with a pacemaker, the participant may be enrolled in the study upon discussion with the project clinician;
   3. If the QTcF interval is 450-480 msec, inclusive, in a participant with current use of medications with known effects on QT interval, the participant may be enrolled in the study following discussion with the project clinician.
7. Has congenital long QT syndrome.
8. Is currently using Class IA (example, quinidine, procainamide) or Class III (example, amiodarone, sotalol) antiarrhythmic medications.
9. Has uncontrolled hypertension despite appropriate medical therapy (sitting blood pressure [BP] of greater than 160 millimeters of mercury (mmHg) systolic and 90 mmHg diastolic at 2 separate measurements no more than 60 minutes apart during the Screening visit). Participants with systolic BP measurements >160 mmHg may be rescreened. Participants with systolic BP measurements 141-160 mmHg, although eligible, should be referred for further management of hypertension if indicated.
10. Has known, previously diagnosed human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, active chronic hepatitis B or C, life-threatening illness unrelated to prostate cancer, or any serious medical or psychiatric illness that could, in the investigator's opinion, potentially interfere with participation in this study. Specific screening for chronic viral illness is at the discretion of the site and/or local institutional review board (IRB).
11. Has received treatment with any investigational products within 3 months before the first dose of study drug.
12. Is a primary family member (spouse, parent, child, or sibling) of anyone involved in the conduct of the study or is a study site employee.
13. Has known gastrointestinal (GI) disease, condition or procedure that could interfere with the oral absorption or tolerance of TAK-385, including difficulty swallowing tablets.
14. Is using any medication or food products listed in the excluded medications and dietary products table within 2 weeks before the first dose of study drug. This list includes moderate and strong inhibitors or inducers of cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4/5) and P-glycoprotein (P-gp). Participants must have no history of amiodarone use in the 6 months before the first dose of TAK-385.
15. Has admission or evidence of alcohol or drug abuse or use of illicit drugs.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: TAK-385; TAK-385 320 mg, tablets, orally, once, on Day 1, followed by TAK-385 120 mg, orally, once daily for 24 weeks. Each participant may have one upward dose adjustment of 40 mg for efficacy and/or one downward dose adjustment of 40 mg for safety during the study.	Drug: TAK-385; TAK-385 tablet
Active Comparator: Degarelix; Degarelix 240 mg, injection, subcutaneous, on Day 1, followed by degarelix 80 mg, injection, subcutaneous, once every four weeks, for 24 weeks.	Drug: Degarelix; Degarelix injection; Other Names: Firmagon®

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Participants With Effective Castration Rate Over 25 Weeks	Castration rate is defined as the observed percentage of participants who have testosterone concentrations less than (<) 50 nanogram per deciliter (ng/dL) (1.73 nanomole per liter [nmol/L]) at all scheduled visits.	Day 1 Week 5 up to Day 1 Week 25

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With Treatment-emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) Related to Vital Signs		Baseline up to Week 29
Number of Participants With TEAEs Related to Physical Findings		Baseline up to Week 29
Number of Participants With TEAEs Related to 12-lead Electrocardiogram (ECG) Findings		Baseline up to Week 29
Number of Participants With TEAEs Categorized Into Investigations Related to Chemistry, Hematology or Urinalysis		Baseline up to Week 29
Number of Participants Reporting One or More TEAEs and Serious Adverse Events (SAEs)		Baseline up to Week 29
Average Percent Change in Prostate Size	Percent change in prostate size was assessed at a follow up visit between Day 1 Week 9 to Day 1 Week 13.	Baseline, Day 1 Week 9 to Day 1 Week 13
Time to Achieve Effective Castration	Time to effective castration is defined as days from first dose to first testosterone measurement that is <50 ng/dL.	Baseline up to Week 37
Time to Achieve Profound Castration	Time to profound castration is defined as days from first dose to first testosterone measurement that is <20 ng/dL.	Baseline up to Week 37
Estimated Time to Testosterone Recovery (TTR)	TTR is defined as the time from 1 day after the last dose of TAK-385 or 4 weeks plus 1 day after the last dose of degarelix to testosterone recovery. Testosterone recovery is defined as back to baseline or >280 ng/dL whichever occurs first. TTR was determined during 12 weeks after the discontinuation of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT).	Up to Day 1 Week 37
Percentage of Participants Who Have Recovered to Baseline Value of Testosterone		Up to Day 1 Week 37
Percentage of Participants Who Have Recovered to >280 ng/dL Testosterone		Day 1 Week 25 up to Day 1 Week 37
Number of Participants With PSA Response of >=50% and >=90% Reduction	Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA) response was defined as 50% and 90% reduction from baseline in serum PSA levels.	Day 1 Week 13
Percent Change From Baseline in Serum PSA Concentration		Baseline, Day 1 of Week 2, 3 , 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, 33 and 37
PSA Nadir		Baseline up to Day 1 Week 25
Serum PSA Concentration		Day 1 of Week 13, 25, 29, 33 and 37
Plasma Concentrations of TAK-385		Day 1 Week 1, 2, 3, 5, 9, 13, 17, 25, 33, 37: Pre-dose; Day 1 Week 5, 13: 2 hrs Post-dose; Day 4 Week 1: Pre-dose
Serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Level		Baseline, Day 1 of Weeks 2, 3, 5, 9, 13, 17, 21, 25, 29, and 37
Serum Follicle-Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Level		Baseline, Day 1 of Week 2, 5, 13, 25 and 29
Serum Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG) Level		Baseline, Day 1 of Week 2, 5, 13, 25 and 29
Percent Change From Baseline in Aging Male's Symptoms (AMS) Total Scale Score	AMS scale is a self-administered questionnaire used to 1) assess symptoms of aging (independent from those that are disease related) between groups of males under different conditions; 2) evaluate the severity of symptoms over time; and 3) measure changes before and after androgen therapy. Each question was answered between none (1) to extremely severe (5) for 17 items from psychological (5 items), somatic (7 items), and sexual (5 items) categories. Total score is sum of all the item scores and range from 17 (minimum) to 85 (maximum), where high score indicated high level of symptoms.	Day 1 of Weeks 5, 13, 25, 29, 33 and 37
Change From Baseline in European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire - Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) Score	EORTC QLQ-C30 included 30 questions comprising 9 multi-item scales: 5 functional scales (physical, role, cognitive, emotional, and social), 3 symptom scales (fatigue, pain, nausea/vomiting), single items (dyspnoea, appetite loss, insomnia, constipation/diarrhea and financial difficulties) and a global health and QOL scale. Most questions used 4 point scale (1 'Not at all' to 4 'Very much'); 2 questions used 7-point scale (1 'Very poor' to 7 'Excellent'). All domain scores were calculated as an average of item scores and transformed to 0-100 score range where a high score from 0-100 indicates: A high score for a functional scale represents a high / healthy level of functioning, a high score for the global health status/quality of life (QoL) represents a high QoL, but a high score for a symptom scale/item represents a high level of symptomatology/problem.	Baseline and last post-baseline value up to Week 37
Change From Baseline in 25-item Prostate Cancer-specific Questionnaire Supplement (EORTC QLQ-PR25) Score	EORTC QLQ-PR25 : EORTC module designed to supplement the QLQ-C30 for any application in prostate cancer. It Consist of 25 questions distributed on 6 domains: urinary symptoms (8 items), incontinence aid (1 item), bowel symptoms (4 items), hormonal treatment-related symptoms (HTRS) (6 items), sexual activity (2 items), and sexual functioning (4 items). Questions used 4 point scale (1 'Not at all' to 4 'Very much'). All raw domain scores are linearly transformed to a 0-100 scale, with higher scores reflecting either more symptoms (urinary, bowel, hormonal treatment-related symptoms) or higher levels of activity or functioning (sexual).	Baseline and last post-baseline value up to Week 37

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: June 1, 2014
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2015

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 8, 2014
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 8, 2014
• First Posted (Estimate): May 12, 2014

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 13, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 1, 2017
• Last Verified: March 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Drug therapy
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Prostatic Diseases; Prostatic Neoplasms; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Hormones, Hormone Substitutes, and Hormone Antagonists; Hormone Antagonists; Androgen Antagonists; Relugolix
• Other Study ID Numbers: C27003 Merge to Takeda; U1111-1152-9537 (Other Identifier: World Health Organization); 2013-005002-53 (EudraCT Number); 14/LO/1052 (Registry Identifier: NRES)