Effect of Anesthesia on Post-operative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery (RAGADelirium)

April 26, 2022 updated by: Ting Li, Wenzhou Medical University

Effect of Regional Anaesthesia and General Anaesthesia on Postoperative Delirium in Elderly Patients Undergoing Hip Fracture Surgery: a Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial.

The purpose of this study is evaluate postoperative delirium after general anesthesia and regional anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our research hypotheses are: (1) regional anesthesia may contribute to decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium. (2) Regional anesthesia may improve the outcome of elderly patient and reduce healthcare costs associated with postoperative delirium. (3) Postoperative delirium may result in poor long-term functional outcomes.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Postoperative delirium (POD) is an acute confusional state associated with changes in consciousness, arousal level and cognitive status. Elderly patients with hip fractures have the high incidence of delirium. The high risk factor of delirium include: Age 65 years or older, cognitive impairment/dementia, current hip fracture, severe illness and so on. Many previous studies predict that the majority of general anesthetic and sedative agents can favour postoperative delirium. However, none of studies have investigated the effect of general anesthesia and the effect of regional anesthesia and general anesthesia on the postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery in China. This multicentre, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial is designed to evaluate postoperative delirium after general anesthesia and regional anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing hip fracture surgery. Our research hypotheses are: (1) regional anesthesia may contribute to decrease the incidence of postoperative delirium. (2) Regional anesthesia may improve the outcome of elderly patient and reduce healthcare costs associated with postoperative delirium. (3) Postoperative delirium may result in poor long-term functional outcomes.

This trial has the following nine investigational centers: Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Southwest Hospital, Chongqing, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China; Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China;

Eligible patients will be assigned into two study groups (group RA: regional anesthesia will be used, group GA: General anesthesia will be used) by centre-minimization randomization (web or telephone). There are 3 stratification factors: age (65-79,≥80), presence of delirium(yes, no), dementia(yes, no). There will be two teams of investigators involved in trial procedure and the patient's follow-up. Investigator A (experienced anesthetist), who are competent in caring for patients undergoing hip fracture surgery, will perform following works, which includes informed consent, randomization, anesthesia and recovery parameters. Investigator B will visit patient the day before surgery and 7days after surgery or until discharge to assess patient for presence, type and severity of delirium, collect other data during in hospital stay and follow up patients at 6 and 12 months. Investigator B will receive uniform training of using of CAM, Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98), MMSE and other test used in this trial) and will be not clear about protocol.

Within 24 h before surgery, cognitive function of each patient will be assessed with the MMSE, the presence of delirium will be diagnosed with the CAM, the type and severity of delirium will be assessed with DRS-R-98 and the pain will be assessed with a 100-mm visual analog scale (VAS). Routine monitoring (NBP, continuous ECG, and pulse oximetry) was initiated on all patients. Premedication for anesthesia will be avoided before surgery. Any medication impairing cognitive function will not be recommended, if administered, must be recorded it in detail.

Investigator A will allocated the patient into group GA or group RA according the centre-randomization with a unique registration number for each eligible patient. Treatment protocols for both groups will also stipulate no sedative be administrated during operation. Routine monitoring was initiated on all patients. Hypotension (Systolic Blood Pressure<90mmHg or drop of Mean Arterial Pressure>30%) should be treated with vasoactive agents or fluid boluses as deemed appropriate by anesthetists.

Postoperative analgesia will be administered according to the local procedures of each clinical trial site, aiming to maintain a VAS pain score ≤ 30 mm. Both groups will receive routine postoperative care on orthopedic ward.

All randomized patients will be followed up to 7 days after surgery (or discharge from the hospital). The 7 days follow-up includes: CAM, DRS-98-R (if applicable), VAS, Analgesic use (if applicable), Sedative use (if applicable), Post-operative morbidity and laboratory results (including serum hemoglobin, hematocrit, leucocytes, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, serum creatinine and urea concentrations, serum sodium and potassium and serum glucose concentration). Concomitant medications, adverse events and serious adverse events are record in all study visits. Economic parameters include: time to be discharged from post operation, total cost in hospital and cost for anesthesia of patient. Investigator B will also assess patient with POD in clinic or at their residence at 6 and 12 months to assess for presence of delirium, its type and severity (CAM, DRS-98-R), cognitive function using MMSE, and quality of life using The MOS 36-item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire.

The study will be monitored regularly by the clinical research associate (CRA) through visits or telephone. CRA will verify the consistency of the data recorded on the case report forms with the source documents and the management of therapeutic batches, the presence and completeness of the investigator file.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

950

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • China
      • Beijing, China, 100000
        • BeiJing JiShuiTan Hospital
      • Chongqing, China, 400038
        • Southwest Hospital
    • Anhui
      • Hefei, Anhui, China, 230601
        • The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University
    • Hubei
      • Wuhan, Hubei, China, 430030
        • Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College
    • Jiangxi
      • Nanchang, Jiangxi, China, 330006
        • The First Affiliated Hospital of NanChang University
    • Sichuan
      • Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610041
        • West China Hospital of Sichuan University
    • Zhejiang
      • Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, 310000
        • The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine
      • Lishi, Zhejiang, China, 323000
        • The People's Hospital of Lishi
      • Lishui, Zhejiang, China, 323000
        • The Central Hospital of Lishui City
      • Ningbo, Zhejiang, China, 315010
        • Ningbo No.2 Hospital
      • Ningbo, Zhejiang, China, 315040
        • Ningbo No.6 Hospital
      • Taizhou, Zhejiang, China, 317000
        • Taizhou Hospital of Zhejiang Province
      • Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China, 325000
        • The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

63 years and older (Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • older patient (≥65 years)
  • patient with hip fracture and planned hip fracture surgery
  • patient willing to complete this study.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • patient with multiple trauma or multiple fractures, pathological fractures, pelvic fractures, femur fractures
  • contraindication (serious illness or medical conditions) for general anesthesia
  • contraindication (infection at the site of needle insertion, coagulopathy, international normalized ratio >1.4, platelet count <80×109 litre-1, allergy to local anaesthetics and so on) for regional anesthesia;
  • patient who cannot complete the preoperative mental tests (CAM and/or Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE)) of this clinical trial
  • patient known to susceptible to malignant hyperthermia
  • known allergy or hypersensitivity to any drugs administered during this clinical trial
  • previous participation in this clinical trial
  • participation in another clinical trial within 4 weeks prior to selection

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Other: group GA
General anesthesia
Procedure: method of anesthesia

General anesthesia and regional anesthesia.

General anesthesia(general anesthesia combined with peripheral nerve blockade, general anesthesia combined with spinal/epidural anesthesia or single general anesthesia) will be used in group GA.

Regional anesthesia(epidural, spinal, combined spinal and epidural anesthesia or nerve block) will be used in group RA
Other: group RA
Regional anesthesia
Procedure: method of anesthesia

General anesthesia and regional anesthesia.

General anesthesia(general anesthesia combined with peripheral nerve blockade, general anesthesia combined with spinal/epidural anesthesia or single general anesthesia) will be used in group GA.

Regional anesthesia(epidural, spinal, combined spinal and epidural anesthesia or nerve block) will be used in group RA

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Number of Participants With Post-operative Delirium in 7 Days Post Operation
Time Frame: in 7 days post operation
Post-operative delirium diagnosed with Confusion Assessment Method
in 7 days post operation

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Number of Participants With Post-operative Delirium
Time Frame: within fist 7days post operation

Number of participants with delirium includes patients who had delirium in the post in the first 7 post-operative days.

The severity of delirium was described using a severity score from 0 (no delirium) to 39 (highest severity) and subtypes of delirium as hyperactive, hypoactive or mixed.
within fist 7days post operation
Severity of Delirium
Time Frame: within first 7days post operation
The worst severity scores of delirium was diagnosed with the DRS-R-98 within 7 days
within first 7days post operation
The Subtypes of Delirium Diagnosed in 7 Days Post Operation
Time Frame: within first 7 days post operation

The subtypes of delirium diagnosed with the Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98).

Patients with the hyperactive subtype may be agitated, disoriented, and delusional, and may experience hallucinations. This presentation can be confused with that of schizophrenia, agitated dementia, or a psychotic disorder.
within first 7 days post operation
30 Day Mortality
Time Frame: 30 days after surgery
Mortality within 30 days post operation
30 days after surgery
Acute Pain Score Using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Time Frame: In 7days post operation
The worst pain score within 7 days post-operation in both groups. The visual analog scale (VAS) is a validated, subjective measure for acute and chronic pain. Scores are recorded by making a handwritten mark on a 10-cm line that represents a continuum between no pain(0 point) to worst pain (100 points).
In 7days post operation
Length of Hospital Stay
Time Frame: till the day of discharge from hospital, an average of 7 days
Length of hospital stay are measured from the anesthesia starting day to the discharge day
till the day of discharge from hospital, an average of 7 days
Costs of Anesthetic Procedure
Time Frame: 1 day after operation
Costs of anesthetic procedure only
1 day after operation
Total In-hospital Costs
Time Frame: till the day of discharge
Entire expenditure in-hospital
till the day of discharge
6 Months Incidence of Delirium
Time Frame: 6 months after discharge
in clinic or at their residence, diagnosed with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
6 months after discharge
12 Months Incidence of Delirium
Time Frame: 12 months after discharge
in clinic or at their residence, diagnosed with Confusion Assessment Method (CAM)
12 months after discharge
6 Months Quality of Life
Time Frame: 6 months after discharge
using 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire
6 months after discharge
12 Months Quality of Life
Time Frame: 12months after discharge
using 36-Item Short Form Survey (SF-36) questionnaire
12months after discharge

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Wenzhou Medical University

Collaborators

National Research Institute for Family Planning, China

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Fang Gao, M.D., The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
  • Study Director: Jun Li, M.D., The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
  • Study Director: Joice Yeung, M.D., Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust
  • Study Director: Teresa Moledy, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

September 1, 2014

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 31, 2018

Study Completion (Actual)

January 1, 2020

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

August 5, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 8, 2014

First Posted (Estimate)

August 11, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

May 18, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 26, 2022

Last Verified

April 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • RAGA-Delirium

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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