- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT03479645
Serial SMS Reminders and an Opt-out Mailed FIT Kits to Improve Colorectal Screening Participation: A Single Center RCT
July 18, 2019 updated by: University of Pennsylvania
Can a Multimodal Approach Using SMS Reminders and an Opt-out Mailed FIT Kits Improve Participation in Colorectal Cancer Screening? A Single Center Randomized Controlled Trial
This pilot study is a 2-armed randomized controlled trial assessing the impact of a multimodal approach on colorectal cancer screening participation rates in a Federally Qualified Health Center.
The trial will test serial text message reminders and opt-out mailed fecal immunochemistry test (FIT) home kits against a simple reminder text message control.
Patients aged 50-74 years, who are registered at a Family Practice and Counselling Network (FPCN) clinic and are overdue for colorectal cancer screening will be recruited.
The primary outcome is the rate of FIT kits being returned at 12 weeks.
Study Overview
Status
Completed
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
It is estimated that colorectal cancer (CRC) screening can reduce the risk of dying from bowel cancer by approximately 15%.
Yet despite this, the national participation rate is only approximately 62.9%, highlighting that the national target of 70.5% set out in the Healthy People 2020 Objectives remains well out of reach.
The US Preventative Task Force (USPSTF) recommends colorectal screening for adults aged 50-75 years through either annual fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years or colonoscopy every 10 years.
However, many service providers rely on the opportunistic offer of screening at existing health touch-points.
This requires the patient to see their healthcare provider, usually for a different clinical reason, the provider to recognize that the patient is overdue for CRC screening and the provider to recommend and book the patient for CRC screening.
This process identifies a number of barriers encountered at the system, provider and patient level, to completing a screening test regularly.
Furthermore, much evidence indicates that public participation in colorectal screening is heavily influences by socioeconomic factors.
Lower participation rates are seen in individuals without health insurance, without a medical home, who are more deprived and from ethnic minority groups.
These individuals are more likely to present with later stage disease and experience poorer outcomes.
Fecal immunochemistry testing (FIT) is a stool sample based test kit that uses antibodies to detect the human haemoglobin protein in the stool sample and can be completed in the privacy of the home.
Research has showed that mailed home test kits such as FOBT or FIT kits can improve CRC participation by reducing the effort required to see a provider in order to arrange CRC screening.
Evidence has also shown that text message reminders can improve participation in cancer screening.
Furthermore, the message content of text messages can differentially change behavior, for example reducing the 'did not attend rate' in hospital outpatient appointments but also in the context of participation in cervical cancer screening.
Therefore this trial will test a multimodal outreach approach, which uses serial SMS reminders with different word contents and mailed FIT kits on the participation rates of CRC screening.
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Actual)
440
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Locations
-
-
Pennsylvania
-
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19142
- Family Practice and Councelling Network
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
50 years to 74 years (Adult, Older Adult)
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Yes
Genders Eligible for Study
All
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- aged 50-74
- at least 1 clinic visit to the FPCN within the previous 12 months
- due or overdue for colorectal screening
- Asymptomatic for bowel cancer
- mobile phone number available
Exclusion Criteria:
- Has had prior colonoscopy within 10 years, sigmoidoscopy within 5 years, and FOBT/FIT within twelve months of the chart review (We will exclude patients who self-report undergoing any of the above procedures)
- Has a history of CRC
- Has a history of other GI cancer
- Has history of confirmed Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) (e.g. Crohns disease, ulcerative colitis) Irritable bowel syndrome does not exclude patients.
- Has history of colitis other than Crohns disease or ulcerative colitis
- Has had a colectomy
- Has been diagnosed with Lynch Syndrome (i.e. HNPCC)
- Has been diagnosed with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
- Has metastatic (Stage IV) blood or solid tumor cancer
- Has end stage renal disease
- Has dementia
- Has liver cirrhosis
- Has any other condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, excludes the patient from participating in this study.
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Screening
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: Single
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
No Intervention: Control
Control arm - usual practice.
Simple SMS reminder that informs patients they are overdue for CRC screening and requests they contact the clinic.
|
|
Experimental: Intervention
Serial text messages and mailed FIT kit
|
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Colorectal screening rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The rate patients with who completed colorectal screening within the trial period
|
12 weeks
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Per Protocol analysis: Colorectal screening rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The rate of FIT kit return by trial arm in individuals who received at least the first text message, who did not self-report being up to date with colorectal cancer screening.
|
12 weeks
|
FIT kit return rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The rate of FIT kit return by trial arm
|
12 weeks
|
Per protocol analysis: FIT kit return rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The rate of FIT kit return by trial arm, in participants who received at least the first text message, who did not self-report being up to date with colorectal cancer screening.
|
12 weeks
|
colonoscopy completion rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The rate of colonoscopy within the trial period by trial arm
|
12 weeks
|
Per protocol analysis: colonoscopy completion rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The rate of colonoscopy within the trial period by trial arm, in participants who received at least the first text message, who did not self-report being up to date with colorectal cancer screening.
|
12 weeks
|
Colorectal screening return rate by gender
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
Uptake of screening and FIT return by gender
|
12 weeks
|
FIT return rate by gender
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
Uptake of screening and FIT return by gender
|
12 weeks
|
Colorectal screening rate by insurance status
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
Uptake of screening by insurance status
|
12 weeks
|
FIT kit return rate by insurance status
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
FIT return by insurance status
|
12 weeks
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Sponsor
Publications and helpful links
The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.
General Publications
- Hardcastle JD, Chamberlain JO, Robinson MH, Moss SM, Amar SS, Balfour TW, James PD, Mangham CM. Randomised controlled trial of faecal-occult-blood screening for colorectal cancer. Lancet. 1996 Nov 30;348(9040):1472-7. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)03386-7.
- Halpern MT, Ward EM, Pavluck AL, Schrag NM, Bian J, Chen AY. Association of insurance status and ethnicity with cancer stage at diagnosis for 12 cancer sites: a retrospective analysis. Lancet Oncol. 2008 Mar;9(3):222-31. doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(08)70032-9. Epub 2008 Feb 20.
- Clegg LX, Li FP, Hankey BF, Chu K, Edwards BK. Cancer survival among US whites and minorities: a SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results) Program population-based study. Arch Intern Med. 2002 Sep 23;162(17):1985-93. doi: 10.1001/archinte.162.17.1985.
- Institute NC. Caner trends progress reprot; Colorectal Screening. https://progressreport.cancer.gov/detection/colorectal_cancer
- von Wagner C, Baio G, Raine R, Snowball J, Morris S, Atkin W, Obichere A, Handley G, Logan RF, Rainbow S, Smith S, Halloran S, Wardle J. Inequalities in participation in an organized national colorectal cancer screening programme: results from the first 2.6 million invitations in England. Int J Epidemiol. 2011 Jun;40(3):712-8. doi: 10.1093/ije/dyr008. Epub 2011 Feb 17.
- Power E, Miles A, von Wagner C, Robb K, Wardle J. Uptake of colorectal cancer screening: system, provider and individual factors and strategies to improve participation. Future Oncol. 2009 Nov;5(9):1371-88. doi: 10.2217/fon.09.134.
- Huf SW, Asch DA, Volpp KG, Reitz C, Mehta SJ. Text Messaging and Opt-out Mailed Outreach in Colorectal Cancer Screening: a Randomized Clinical Trial. J Gen Intern Med. 2021 Jul;36(7):1958-1964. doi: 10.1007/s11606-020-06415-8. Epub 2021 Jan 28.
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
March 23, 2018
Primary Completion (Actual)
June 16, 2018
Study Completion (Actual)
June 16, 2018
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
February 23, 2018
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
March 26, 2018
First Posted (Actual)
March 27, 2018
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
July 22, 2019
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
July 18, 2019
Last Verified
July 1, 2019
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 828624
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
NO
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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