- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT04938596
Airborne Preventive Measures to Reduce New TB Infections in Household Contacts (TBMask)
November 14, 2023 updated by: Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
Strengthening of Airborne Preventive Measures Inside Households of Pulmonary TB Cases as a Tool to Reduce New Infections in Close Contacts. A Pilot, Controlled, Pre-post Study.
Tuberculosis (TB) is currently one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent (ranking above HIV/AIDS).
The investigators hypothesize that reducing respiratory exposure within the household, during the first weeks of TB treatment initiation of the index case, can reduce new TB infections in close contacts.
For this purpose, a pilot, controlled, pre-post study will be set up, to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a bundle of respiratory precautions to all household contacts of new pulmonary TB cases, compared to standard of care, in primary health care in a high TB incidence area in Santiago, Chile.
Study Overview
Status
Recruiting
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Tuberculosis (TB) is currently one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and the leading cause of death from a single infectious agent (ranking above HIV/AIDS).
In 2018, an estimated 10 million people fell ill with TB worldwide, and more than 1.4 million people died from it, making eradication of this disease in the next decades highly unlikely unless new interventions are discovered.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) transmission mainly occurs when patients affected by laryngeal or pulmonary TB cough upon others and the mycobacteria are spread in airborne droplets nuclei smaller than 5 μm that are subsequently inhaled by close contacts.
Although chemoprophylaxis once a new TB infection is detected is an effective strategy to reduce the risk of contacts developing active TB, it does not prevent Mtb acquisition; it only reduces the risk of developing active TB once infected.
Currently, the large majority of international guidelines recommend strict measures to reduce airborne transmission in hospitalized patients with pulmonary TB, with a minimum of 2 weeks of effective TB therapy to consider a patient no longer infectious and discontinue respiratory isolation in healthcare settings.
On the contrary, in the community, no special recommendations regarding protection of household contacts are specified, assuming that most of them are already infected and that the TB index case will stop infecting very quickly under antimicrobial treatment.
However, several studies show that median time to sputum Mtb culture conversion under effective treatment takes 5-7 weeks, raising the potential for continued transmission even despite effective treatment.
Furthermore, a previous study has shown that in Santiago, Chile, 55% of household contacts of TB cases have no evidence of TB infection at the time of diagnosis of the index case - as categorized by negative latent TB testing - yet under close follow-up, up to 21% of these show new evidence of having acquired the infection based on latent TB test conversion after 12 weeks of follow-up.
The investigators hypothesize that reducing respiratory exposure within the household, during the first weeks of TB treatment initiation of the index case, can reduce new TB infections in close contacts.
For this purpose, a pilot, controlled, pre-post study will be done to evaluate the feasibility of implementing a bundle of respiratory precautions to all household contacts of new pulmonary TB cases, compared to standard of care, in primary care in a high TB incidence area in Santiago.
The respiratory bundle in the intervention arm will be implemented as soon as a new pulmonary TB case is diagnosed, will last 2 weeks and, will include: (a) provision of N95 masks and strong recommendation of use to all household contacts and the index case when sharing a room together, (b) recommendation to index case to sleep in a room alone, with the door closed and avoid sharing room with others, (c) promotion of strategies to improve house ventilation; and (d) education about TB transmission.
The investigators expect to show that this trial is feasible to proceed with a larger, definitive cluster randomized controlled trial that will evaluate the intervention effectiveness in reducing the incidence of new TB infections in household contacts.
The results of this study will help to answer a critical research gap in TB infection control and prevention and, it will provide a key contribution to future policies regarding TB control and elimination worldwide.
Furthermore, in the new global context of rising infectious agents of pandemic risk, this work may have an additional potential relevance with respect to the use, acceptability and transmission prevention potential of a respiratory bundle in the household setting regarding other respiratory pathogens such as SARS-Cov-2.
Study Type
Interventional
Enrollment (Estimated)
400
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.
Study Contact
- Name: Romina Seguel, RN
- Phone Number: +56223543508
- Email: rjseguel@uc.cl
Study Locations
-
-
-
Santiago, Chile
- Recruiting
- Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
-
-
Participation Criteria
Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Child
- Adult
- Older Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
No
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- all household contacts of a new case of pulmonary TB (smear, culture or PCR positive) newly diagnosed at each clinic.
Exclusion Criteria:
- household contacts found to have co-prevalent active TB at enrolment
- household contacts planning to leave the house at the time of enrolment
- household contacts of index cases having already initiated TB treatment for > 48h
- household contacts of index cases that are currently hospitalized
Study Plan
This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Experimental: Respiratory Bundle Group
The intervention consists of a bundle of measures for respiratory transmission prevention that will be provided during the first 2 weeks of TB treatment of index case.
|
|
No Intervention: Standard of care
Under current national guidelines, no systematic recommendation regarding respiratory protection is given for household contacts of TB cases.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
Participation rate
Time Frame: 2 weeks
|
To document the proportion of TB cases and household contacts who agree to participate as measured by enrollment.
|
2 weeks
|
Study compliance
Time Frame: 2 weeks
|
To document participants compliance with the respiratory bundle as measured by a previously validated adherence questionnaire.
|
2 weeks
|
Completion rate
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The number of participants assessable at end of follow-up.
|
12 weeks
|
Acceptability of the intervention
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
Focus group evaluation (participants and TB nurses perspectives, qualitative outcome).
|
12 weeks
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
---|---|---|
New tuberculosis infections
Time Frame: 12 weeks
|
The number of participants converting from a negative to a positive latent TB test at follow-up.
|
12 weeks
|
Collaborators and Investigators
This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.
Collaborators
Investigators
- Principal Investigator: María Elvira Balcells, MD; MSc, School of Medicine. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile.
Study record dates
These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
October 4, 2021
Primary Completion (Estimated)
March 1, 2024
Study Completion (Estimated)
August 1, 2024
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
May 12, 2021
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
June 16, 2021
First Posted (Actual)
June 24, 2021
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimated)
November 16, 2023
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
November 14, 2023
Last Verified
November 1, 2023
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- 1211225
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
UNDECIDED
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
No
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
No
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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