Mechanism of Chronic Pain in Patients With IBD

Psychophysiological and Biological Profiling of Chronic Pain in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Abdominal pain is a common symptom in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Up to 70 % of IBD patients experience pain when the disease is active. Even when patients with IBD are in remission, 20-50 % experience ongoing pain. The precise mechanism of developing chronic abdominal pain in patients with IBD in remission remains unknown.

The aim of this study is to identify psychophysiological and biological risk factors for the development of chronic abdominal pain in patients with newly diagnosed IBD (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease).

This study consists of 4 sections (Study 1A, 1B, 2, and 3):

Study 1A: We perform a longitudinal study in 150 patients with new-onset IBD over 18 months to identify risk factors related to the brain-gut axis for the development of chronic pain. This is a collaborative study with IBD BioResourse Inception study. We administer online questionnaires, collect stool and blood samples, and record heart rate. Other physiological data collected by the Inception study will be also used for the analysis.

Study 1B: This is also a collaborative study with the Inception study. We will apply for our detailed questionnaires for 7 days (as per study 1A) to be administered to all the new patients (n=450) that are included in the Inception study on a voluntary basis. Patients will be followed for 12 months.

Study 2 and 3: Study 2 and 3 are a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in patients with IBD. The participants for study 2 are patients registered in IBD BOOST study and those for study 3 are patients registered in IBD BioResource (but not in IBD Boost study). Detailed online questionnaires will be administered to them. These studies are just one-day assessment.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Assessment of Psychophysiological factors; Biological: Assessment of Biological factors; Genetic: Assessment of Genetics; Behavioral: Assessment of Quality of Life; Biological: Assessment of Biological factors

Detailed Description

This study consists of 4 sections (Study 1A, 1B, 2, and 3).

Study 1A: We perform a longitudinal study in 150 patients with new-onset IBD (UC and CD) over 18 months to identify risk factors related to the brain-gut axis for the development of chronic pain.

First assessment period: On the first day of the study, we will have a video chat with the participant using one of the telecommunications applications (e.g. skype, zoom, Microsoft team, etc.) and obtain an electric consent form using DocuSign (https://www.docusign.co.uk/). Then, participants will be trained on how to use online validated questionnaires to evaluate their disease activity, symptoms and psychological state, presence or absence of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), or pain elsewhere. Then, they will be asked to download a mobile phone camera heart rate variability app and be trained to use it. They will also be trained to use the experience sampling method (ESM) to profile gut symptoms and lifestyle via a smartphone app at 10 random times in a day.

After training, participants will fill out baseline online questionnaires using REDCap. Participants will also start answering questionnaires by ESM for 7 days and recording their heart rate (5 minutes) using the app once a day in the morning for 7 days.

2nd-4th assessment periods: Further assessment periods will be scheduled every 6 months. One-two days before each study period begins, we will remind the participants by email or phone call. On day 1, participants fill out the same online questionnaires (except personality, which is a stable trait) followed by 7 days ESM profiling as during their first assessment period. They will also be asked to record heart rate (5 minutes) once a day in the morning for 7days. Each patient will be followed at least 18 months until the 4th assessment period ends.

If patients agree, we will add online questionnaires to patients beyond the life of the grant (at 24 months and 36 months) when they are followed by the IBD BioResource inception study. (ESM and sample collection are not performed after 18 months follow)

This is a collaborative study with the IBD BioResource Inception study. The participants in our study will be asked to participate in the IBD BioResource Inception study as well. Biological data obtained by the BioResource Inception study, which will be used for the analysis.

Study 1B: This is also a collaborative study with the Inception study. Data for 600 patients will still need to be collected by the Inception study when our study starts. We will apply for our detailed questionnaires for 7 days (as per study 1A) to be administered to all the new patients that are included in the Inception study on a voluntary basis. This will allow us to capture data on almost 600 patients (150 of these will be from study 1A).

Using both our 150 studied patients from study1A and 450 patients in the Inception cohort (study 1B), we will then use cutting edge techniques in machine learning to ascertain if artificial intelligence (AI) can predict individuals who will develop chronic abdominal pain.

Study 2 and 3: Study 2 and 3 are a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study in patients with IBD (both CD and UC patients). The participants for study 2 are patients who are registered in IBD BOOST study and those for study 3 are patients who are registered in IBD BioResource (but not in IBD Boost study).

The aims are to determine the prevalence of chronic pain in Crohn's and UC patients, the prevalence of comorbid pain and IBS, lifestyle factors, and quality of life. IBD BOOST questionnaire is due to be administered to 10,000 patients. We will invite these patients to complete additional questionnaires not covered by IBD BOOST. We also approach 15,000 patients from IBD BioResourse who are not included in the IBD Boost study and administer questionnaires to them. We will be able to identify risk factors and aid a predictive model from static time point data if a number of those individuals have pain and a number do not. Further, in study 2 and 3, we will be able to determine whether the risk factors identified in study 1A and 1B accurately identify patients with and without chronic pain.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 25600

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Iman Khwaja; Phone Number: 02078822655; Email: i.khwaja@qmul.ac.uk
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Kazuya Takahashi; Phone Number: 02078822655; Email: kazuya.takahashi@qmul.ac.uk

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • London, United Kingdom, E1 2AJ
    • Recruiting
    • Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London
    • Sub-Investigator: Iman Khwaja
    • Principal Investigator: Qasim Aziz
    • Contact: Qasim Aziz; Phone Number: 02078822630; Email: q.aziz@qmul.ac.uk
    • Sub-Investigator: Kazuya Takahashi

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population is males and females over the age of 18 who have been diagnosed with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease within the past 6 months before enrolment.

Description

Inclusion Criteria :

• Males or females who are over 18 years old.
• Patients who are diagnosed with UC or CD within 6 months before the enrolment.
• Patients who have access to the internet and have the IT skills to perform basic tasks e.g. operate emails and fill out questionnaires.
• Patients who are willing and able to participate in the study for the required duration, can understand and are willing to sign the consent forms and agree to undergo all protocol-related tests and procedures.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients who have severe extensive colitis and are at imminent risk of colectomy.
• Patients who already have the presence of a stoma or history of a fistula or stricture due to another diagnosis.
• Patients who are pregnant, lactating or thinking of becoming pregnant during the study period
• Patients who have unstable acute illness or exacerbation of an unstable chronic illness or chronic disease (other than IBD) that may affect assessments for this study as determined by previous physical examination, medical history, vital signs, ECG, and laboratory (serum biochemistry, hematology, urinalysis) assessments.
• Patients with a medical history of hepatitis B, hepatitis C or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that are not in remission and are on medication that can affect gastrointestinal function.
• Patients who have known or suspected to have a severe cardiac disease (e.g., symptomatic coronary artery disease, prior myocardial infarction, congestive heart failure (CHF) and chronic arrhythmia such as atrial fibrillation
• Patients who have known or suspected cerebrovascular disease (e.g. prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, symptomatic carotid artery disease, prior carotid endarterectomy or other vascular neck surgery)
• Patients who have a known history or suspected history of substance abuse or addiction (within the last five years).

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

4

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Study 1A; Prospective cohort study with 150 newly diagnosed patients with inflammatory bowel disease	Other: Assessment of Psychophysiological factors; Investigating the presence of psychophysiological factors (depression, anxiety, catastrophizing) by questionnaires.; Biological: Assessment of Biological factors; Investigating autonomic nervous function using heart rate recording, colon biopsy samples, microbiota, and blood cytokines levels. (Colon biopsy samples are obtained when colonoscopy is performed for clinical reasons. Blood samples and stool samples will be taken when participants come to the hospital for colonoscopy); Genetic: Assessment of Genetics; Genetic data investigated by another cohort study (IBD BioResource study) will be utilized in the analysis of this study.; Behavioral: Assessment of Quality of Life; Investigating QOL by questionnaires.; Biological: Assessment of Biological factors; Investigating colon biopsy samples (Colon biopsy samples are obtained when colonoscopy is performed for clinical reasons).
Study 1B; Prospective cohort study with 450 newly diagnosed patients with IBD	Other: Assessment of Psychophysiological factors; Investigating the presence of psychophysiological factors (depression, anxiety, catastrophizing) by questionnaires.; Biological: Assessment of Biological factors; Investigating autonomic nervous function using heart rate recording, colon biopsy samples, microbiota, and blood cytokines levels. (Colon biopsy samples are obtained when colonoscopy is performed for clinical reasons. Blood samples and stool samples will be taken when participants come to the hospital for colonoscopy); Genetic: Assessment of Genetics; Genetic data investigated by another cohort study (IBD BioResource study) will be utilized in the analysis of this study.; Behavioral: Assessment of Quality of Life; Investigating QOL by questionnaires.; Biological: Assessment of Biological factors; Investigating colon biopsy samples (Colon biopsy samples are obtained when colonoscopy is performed for clinical reasons).
Study 2; Cross-sectional study with 10,000 patients in IBD Boost study	Other: Assessment of Psychophysiological factors; Investigating the presence of psychophysiological factors (depression, anxiety, catastrophizing) by questionnaires.; Genetic: Assessment of Genetics; Genetic data investigated by another cohort study (IBD BioResource study) will be utilized in the analysis of this study.; Behavioral: Assessment of Quality of Life; Investigating QOL by questionnaires.
Study 3; Cross-sectional study with 15,000 patients in IBD BioResource	Other: Assessment of Psychophysiological factors; Investigating the presence of psychophysiological factors (depression, anxiety, catastrophizing) by questionnaires.; Genetic: Assessment of Genetics; Genetic data investigated by another cohort study (IBD BioResource study) will be utilized in the analysis of this study.; Behavioral: Assessment of Quality of Life; Investigating QOL by questionnaires.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Identification of psychophysiological and biological risk factors for development of chronic abdominal pain	To identify psychophysiological and biological risk factors for the development of chronic abdominal pain in patients with newly diagnosed inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease) in a prospective longitudinal cohort study design	3 years
Build predictive models for chronic pain using artificial intelligence and machine learning	To use artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) to build predictive models that use longitudinal data to identify patients who will develop chronic pain	3 years

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Chronic abdominal pain prevalence	To determine the prevalence of chronic abdominal pain	3 years
Co-morbid pain in IBD remission	To determine the prevalence of co-morbid pain in patients with IBD in remission	3 years
Lifestyle factors and quality of life	To study fatigue, lifestyle factors (e.g. sleep quality and dietary habits) and quality of life	3 years
Environmental sensitivity	To study environmental sensitivity in patients with IBD	3 years
Prevalence of IBS in IBD remission	To identify the prevalence of IBS in patients with IBD in remission	3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Queen Mary University of London
• Collaborators: King's College London; University College London Hospitals; Barts & The London NHS Trust; Royal Free Hospital NHS Foundation Trust; Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust; University of Cambridge; University of Birmingham
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Qasim Aziz, Wingate Institute of Neurogastroenterology, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 18, 2021
• Primary Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2024
• Study Completion (Estimated): June 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 29, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 29, 2021
• First Posted (Actual): August 6, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 27, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 26, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: inflammatory bowel diseases, IBD
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastroenteritis; Chronic Pain; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Intestinal Diseases
• Other Study ID Numbers: 279414

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No