Effectiveness of Visceral Manual Therapy in Bruxist Patients With Gastroesophageal Reflux

Objective: check the effectiveness of visceral manual therapy on bruxist patients with gastroesophageal reflux.

Design: Experimental, analytical, longitudinal, prospective, randomized, single-blind study with a blinded evaluator.

Subjects: 68 subjects over 18 years old, with bruxism (diagnoses by a dentist) and gastroesophageal reflux (evidenced by the GERDQ test).

Methods: Subjects will be randomized into 2 groups: an experimental group (EG) to which a visceral manual technique will be applied and a control group (CG) to which a placebo manual technique will be administered. Both groups will receive 2 interventions one week apart. The measurements will be made before and after the interventions, and a last measurement will be made one month after the last intervention. Therefore, the patient will visit the center 3 times.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Gastroesophageal Reflux; Bruxism
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Visceral manual treatment; Procedure: Respiratory listening

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 68
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Cayetano Navarro Rico, Phd Student; Phone Number: +34 664894442; Email: cayetanonavarro95@gmail.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Lourdes M Fernández Seguín, PhD; Phone Number: +34 630258773; Email: lfdez@us.es

Study Locations

• Spain
  • Seville, Spain, 41009
    • Recruiting
    • Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry Faculty
    • Contact: Lourdes María Fernández-Seguín, PhD

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Subjects with bruxism diagnosed and referred by a dentist
• Subjects with gastroesophageal reflux: score >8 in the GerdQ test.
• Age: older than 18 years-old.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Recent craniofacial, mandibular or cervical trauma or fracture.
• Temporomandibular joint surgery.
• Acute pain due to other components of the masticatory system (caries, inflammation of the dental root).
• Abdominal surgery.
• Gastric ulcers.
• Gastritis.
• Previous or current gastric neoplasm.
• Neurological or systemic diseases.
• Pregnant, including the period of breastfeeding.
• Patients receiving chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
• Cognitive, psychosomatic or psychiatric illnesses that may affect the data obtained.
• Basic systemic disease of rheumatic origin (for example, arthritis, osteoarthritis, gout and psoriasis).
• Cerebrovascular and brain diseases.
• Arrhythmia and other cardiac problems.
• Implanted electronic devices.
• Drug or alcohol abuse, analgesic or sedative therapy, and use of medications that affect the central nervous system (for example, antidepressants, anxiolytics, and anticonvulsants).
• Patients who have previous experience with manual treatment of the diaphragm

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Visceral manual treatment; The objective of this technique is to reduce the tension of the tissues of the epigastric area.	Procedure: Visceral manual treatment; The patient will be placed in a reclining sitting position and triple flexion of the lower limbs to keep the abdominal region relaxed. The therapist will be placed to the right of the patient at the height of the abdomen, with the hands placed in the epigastric area. He will make a skin fold that reduces tension in the area, so that the contact is focused on the visceral tissue of the area. The patient will be asked to take deep breaths, and during the exhalation, the therapist will perform a zigzag movement with vibration of the hands while pulling the tissue caudally. This procedure will be performed for 5 minutes.
Active Comparator: Respiratory listening; It is a maneuver to evaluate the mobility of the ribs during respiration.	Procedure: Respiratory listening; The patient and the therapist will be placed in the same position as in the experimental group. The therapist will place his hands in contact with the lower rib cage, and the patient will be asked to take a deep breath. The therapist will not exert any pressure, nor place restrictions on the tissues or movements of the ribcage.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire (GERDQ) test Baseline	It is a recognized and validated test to evaluate the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, which also allows health professionals to demonstrate and manage gastroesophageal reflux without being referred by a specialist or performing endoscopy. Contains 6 items about gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in the last 7 days. The test score can range from 0 to 18, such that a score > 8 indicates that the patient has gastroesophageal reflux.	Baseline
GERDQ test Change-1	It is a recognized and validated test to evaluate the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, which also allows health professionals to demonstrate and manage gastroesophageal reflux without being referred by a specialist or performing endoscopy. Contains 6 items about gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in the last 7 days. The test score can range from 0 to 18, such that a score > 8 indicates that the patient has gastroesophageal reflux.	Change from Baseline GerdQ test at 7 days
GERDQ test Change-2	It is a recognized and validated test to evaluate the symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux, which also allows health professionals to demonstrate and manage gastroesophageal reflux without being referred by a specialist or performing endoscopy. Contains 6 items about gastroesophageal reflux symptoms in the last 7 days. The test score can range from 0 to 18, such that a score > 8 indicates that the patient has gastroesophageal reflux.	Change from Baseline GerdQ test at 1 month
Pressure pain threshold (PPT) Baseline-1	The pressure pain threshold of the fourth cervical vertebra and masseter and temporal muscles will be evaluated using the Wagner Force TenTM Digital Force Gage model FPX 100 algometer. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Baseline pre-intervention
PPT Change-1	The pressure pain threshold of the fourth cervical vertebra and masseter and temporal muscles will be evaluated using the Wagner Force TenTM Digital Force Gage model FPX 100 algometer. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "PTT Baseline-1" immediately post-intervention
PPT Baseline-2	The pressure pain threshold of the fourth cervical vertebra and masseter and temporal muscles will be evaluated using the Wagner Force TenTM Digital Force Gage model FPX 100 algometer. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Baseline pre-intervention at 7 days
PPT Change-2	The pressure pain threshold of the fourth cervical vertebra and masseter and temporal muscles will be evaluated using the Wagner Force TenTM Digital Force Gage model FPX 100 algometer. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "PTT Baseline-2" immediately post-intervention
PPT Change-3	The pressure pain threshold of the fourth cervical vertebra and masseter and temporal muscles will be evaluated using the Wagner Force TenTM Digital Force Gage model FPX 100 algometer. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "PTT Baseline-2" and "PTT Change-2" at 1 month
Mandibular Mobility Baseline-1	For the measurement of vertical opening and lateral deviation of the mandible, the TheraBite® range of motion™ will be used. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Baseline pre-intervention
Mandibular Mobility Change-1	For the measurement of vertical opening and lateral deviation of the mandible, the TheraBite® range of motion™ will be used. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "Mandibular Mobility Baseline-1" immediately post-intervention
Mandibular Mobility Baseline-2	For the measurement of vertical opening and lateral deviation of the mandible, the TheraBite® range of motion™ will be used. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Baseline pre-intervention at 7 days
Mandibular Mobility Change-2	For the measurement of vertical opening and lateral deviation of the mandible, the TheraBite® range of motion™ will be used. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "Mandibular Mobility Baseline-2" immediately post-intervention
Mandibular Mobility Change-3	For the measurement of vertical opening and lateral deviation of the mandible, the TheraBite® range of motion™ will be used. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "Mandibular Mobility Baseline-2" and "Mandibular Mobility Change-2" at 1 month

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Baseline-1	The evaluator will place the CROM-device® goniometer on the patient's head. It will ask you for movements of flexion, extension, right and left side flexion, and right and left rotation of the cervical spine. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Baseline pre-intervention
Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Change-1	The evaluator will place the CROM-device® goniometer on the patient's head. It will ask you for movements of flexion, extension, right and left side flexion, and right and left rotation of the cervical spine. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "CROM Baseline-1" immediately post-intervention
Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Baseline-2	The evaluator will place the CROM-device® goniometer on the patient's head. It will ask you for movements of flexion, extension, right and left side flexion, and right and left rotation of the cervical spine. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Baseline pre-intervention at 7 days
Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Change-2	The evaluator will place the CROM-device® goniometer on the patient's head. It will ask you for movements of flexion, extension, right and left side flexion, and right and left rotation of the cervical spine. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "CROM Baseline-2" immediately post-intervention
Cervical Range of Motion (CROM) Change-3	The evaluator will place the CROM-device® goniometer on the patient's head. It will ask you for movements of flexion, extension, right and left side flexion, and right and left rotation of the cervical spine. 3 measurements will be made with a period of 30 seconds between measurements and we will obtain the average of the 3.	Change from "CROM Baseline-2" and "CROM Change-2" at 1 month
Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) Baseline	Perceived Stress Scale evaluates the level of perceived stress during the last month and consists of 14 items. The maximum score is 56 points. A higher score corresponds to a higher level of perceived stress.	Baseline
PSS-14 Change	Perceived Stress Scale evaluates the level of perceived stress during the last month and consists of 14 items. The maximum score is 56 points. A higher score corresponds to a higher level of perceived stress.	Change from Baseline PSS-14 at 1 month
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) Baseline	It is a tool used to assess the quality of sleep in the last month.It consists of 7 items that are rated on a scale of 0 to 3. An overall Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score greater than 5 produced diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing good and poor sleepers.	Baseline
PSQI Change	It is a tool used to assess the quality of sleep in the last month.It consists of 7 items that are rated on a scale of 0 to 3. An overall Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index score greater than 5 produced diagnostic sensitivity and specificity in distinguishing good and poor sleepers.	Change from Baseline PSQI at 1 month

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Seville
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Lourdes M Fernández Seguín, PhD, University of Seville

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Estimated): December 1, 2023
• Study Completion (Estimated): March 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 8, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 1, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): March 2, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 28, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 27, 2023
• Last Verified: September 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Bruxism; Physical Therapy Modalities; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Musculoskeletal Manipulations
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Stomach Diseases; Gastroenteritis; Stomatognathic Diseases; Intestinal Diseases; Esophageal Motility Disorders; Deglutition Disorders; Esophageal Diseases; Esophagitis; Peptic Ulcer; Duodenal Diseases; Tooth Diseases; Gastroesophageal Reflux; Esophagitis, Peptic; Bruxism
• Other Study ID Numbers: 070223TDCNR

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No