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PI or NNRTI as First-line Treatment of HIV in West Africa - the PIONA Trial (PIONA)

28. mai 2015 oppdatert av: University of Aarhus

PI or NNRTI as First-line Treatment of HIV in a West African Population With Low Adherence - the PIONA Trial

BACKGROUND: Since 1996 the combination of three or more drugs has been the mainstay of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) treatment. The most important types of drugs are called nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), non-nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs) and protease inhibitors (PIs) Response to treatment is measured as increasing CD4+ cell count and decreasing HIV viral load. A major problem is the development of resistance. NNRTIs are recommended as part of first-line treatment of HIV in Africa but many Africans have a slower NNRTI clearance than Caucasians making them more susceptible for development of resistance in case of treatment interruptions. PIs might therefore be a better option in an African setting with low adherence.

AIM: To evaluate two different treatment regimens in HIV-1 infected patients:

A) A NNRTI (efavirenz/nevirapine) based regimen and B) A PI (ritonavir-boosted lopinavir) based regimen with regard to treatment outcomes. HYPOTHESIS: Treatment with a PI will be superior to treatment with a NNRTI due to less development of resistance.

METHODS: Treatment-naïve adult HIV-1 patients enrolled in an existing cohort The West African Retrovirus and Acquired Immune Deficiency (WARAID) cohort in Guinea Bissau with CD4+ cell count ≤ 350 cells/µL and/or clinical signs of immune suppression (World Health Organization (WHO) clinical stage 3 or 4) will be randomised 1:1 to: Treatment A: 2 NRTIs (lamivudine and either zidovudine or stavudine) and 1 NNRTI (efavirenz or nevirapine) or Treatment B: 2 NRTIs (same as in treatment A) and 1 PI (ritonavir-boosted lopinavir). Primary outcome: Viral load suppression <400 copies/ml 12 months after enrolment.

PERSPECTIVES: Guidelines for treatment of HIV in Africa are more or less a copy of the guidelines used in Europe and North America. Genetic differences in pharmacokinetics, more women infected in Africa and difficulties ensuring good adherence mean that results obtained from Caucasian patients are not directly transferrable to African patients. The results of this study will hopefully help guiding the treatment of HIV in Africa in the future. The investigators believe the HIV infected people in West Africa deserve the same evidence-based medicine as in developed countries.

Studieoversikt

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Faktiske)

400

Fase

  • Fase 4

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiesteder

      • Bissau, Guinea-Bissau
        • Centro de Tratamento Ambulatoria do Hospital Nacional Simão Mendes

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

18 år og eldre (Voksen, Eldre voksen)

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Antiretroviral treatment (ART) naïve HIV-1 infected patients. Women receiving ART during pregnancy can be included.
  • Age ≥ 18 years
  • CD4+ cell count ≤ 350 cells/µL and/or
  • Clinical signs of immune suppression (WHO clinical stage 3 or 4) irrespective of CD4+ cell count.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Tuberculosis (TB) treatment with rifampicin at the time of enrolment.
  • Co-infection with HIV-2.
  • Grade 3 or 4 alanine transaminase (ALAT) elevation (>5 times upper normal limit).
  • Patients with cerebral disturbances that complicates the ability to give informed consent or follow the treatment regime.

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomisert
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Parallell tildeling
  • Masking: Ingen (Open Label)

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Aktiv komparator: NNRTI
2 NRTIs (lamivudine 150 mg "bis in die - twice a day" (BID) and either zidovudine 300 mg BID if hemoglobin is ≥ 8 g/L or stavudine 30 mg BID if hemoglobin is < 8 g/L) and 1 NNRTI (efavirenz 600 mg "omne in die - once daily" (OD) or nevirapine 200 mg OD for the first 2 weeks and after that 200 mg BID). Efavirenz will be used in all male patients according to national HIV guidelines. Pregnant patients and female patients with a child bearing potential will be treated with nevirapine if CD4+ cell count is ≤ 350 cells/mm3 with close monitoring of liver enzymes during the first 12 weeks in patients with CD4+ cell count >250 cells/mm3. Females beyond childbearing age will be treated with efavirenz.
Andre navn:
  • Viramune
  • Sustiva
  • Stocrin
Aktiv komparator: Protease inhibitor
2 NRTIs (lamivudine 150 mg BID and either zidovudine 300 mg BID if hemoglobin is ≥ 8 g/L or stavudine 30 mg BID if hemoglobin is < 8 g/L) and 1 PI (ritonavir-boosted lopinavir 400/100 mg BID).
Andre navn:
  • Kaletra
  • Aluvia

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tidsramme
Fraction of patients with viral load suppression <400 copies/ml
Tidsramme: 12 months after enrolment
12 months after enrolment

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Fraction of patients with viral load suppression <50 copies/ml
Tidsramme: 12 months after enrolment
12 months after enrolment
Increment of CD4+ cell count of at least 100 cells/µL
Tidsramme: 12 months after enrolment
12 months after enrolment
Development of ≥1 resistance mutations involving the treatment regimens used in patients with viral load >400 copies/ml
Tidsramme: 12 months after enrolment
12 months after enrolment
Frequency of adverse events and severe adverse events
Tidsramme: Within 12 months
Within 12 months
Compliance.
Tidsramme: Within 12 months
Compliance defined as the actual amount of medicine taken compared to the planned amount for the same treatment period. A pill count is carried out at each visit.
Within 12 months
Incidence of tuberculosis.
Tidsramme: Within 12 months
Within 12 months
Death.
Tidsramme: Within 12 months
Death at 12 month follow-up. Any patient lost to follow-up will be attempted visited at home by a field assistant 1 month after latest visit due. Information on patient death from family or neighbors will be recorded as a mortality event and a verbal autopsy conducted.
Within 12 months
Weight
Tidsramme: Within 12 months
Increase in body mass index (BMI) and frequency of severe weight loss (>10% of presumed or measured body weight).
Within 12 months
Plasma cytokine levels
Tidsramme: Within 12 months
Within 12 months

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Etterforskere

  • Hovedetterforsker: Sanne Jespersen, MD, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby
  • Studieleder: Alex L Laursen, MD, DMSc, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby
  • Studieleder: Lars Oestergaard, Prof MD DMSc, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby
  • Studiestol: Christian Wejse, MD, PhD, Aarhus University Hospital Skejby

Publikasjoner og nyttige lenker

Den som er ansvarlig for å legge inn informasjon om studien leverer frivillig disse publikasjonene. Disse kan handle om alt relatert til studiet.

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart

1. mai 2011

Primær fullføring (Faktiske)

1. september 2014

Studiet fullført (Faktiske)

1. september 2014

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

9. august 2010

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

30. august 2010

Først lagt ut (Anslag)

31. august 2010

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Anslag)

25. juni 2015

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

28. mai 2015

Sist bekreftet

1. november 2014

Mer informasjon

Denne informasjonen ble hentet direkte fra nettstedet clinicaltrials.gov uten noen endringer. Hvis du har noen forespørsler om å endre, fjerne eller oppdatere studiedetaljene dine, vennligst kontakt register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en endring er implementert på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også bli oppdatert automatisk på nettstedet vårt. .

Kliniske studier på HIV-1

Kliniske studier på Efavirenz or Nevirapine

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