Effectiveness of Mindfulness Based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) on for Insomnia and Mental Health of Prisoners

Экспериментальный: CBT

consists of eight weekly treatment sessions of 45 to 60 minutes.

Поведенческий: Cognitive Behavior Therapy

consists of eight weekly treatment sessions of 45 to 60 minutes.

Экспериментальный: MCBT

consists of eight weekly treatment sessions of 45 to 60 minutes.

Поведенческий: Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy

consists of eight weekly treatment sessions of 45 to 60 minutes.

sleep hygiene behavior

A self reported measure will be used with three items to measure how many days the participants had good sleep hygiene behavior.

Sleep Quality

The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index includes seven components of subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep disturbances, the use of sleep medications and day time dysfunctions provide a total score of these seven components that allows us to better understand the quality and quantity of one's sleep. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index is a self-reporting instrument consisting of nine questions designed to measure the quality of sleep disorders in a period of one month. The scale scores range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poor quality of sleep and scores less than 5 considered as high quality of sleep

Insomnia Severity Index

The Insomnia Severity Index is a 7-item questionnaire designed to identify cases of insomnia and evaluate treatment outcomes. The Insomnia Severity Index assesses severity of sleep onset, sleep maintenance and early wakening problems, sleep dissatisfaction, and perceived distress caused by sleep problems. It was found to be a clinically useful tool in assessing changes in insomnia symptoms in insomnia treatment research.Higher scores reflecting more severe sleep problems

Sleep Logs

Sleep logs provide self-reported subjective sleep, combining self-reports of: latency, total sleep time, and number and frequency of awakenings.

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS)

Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) questionnaire. The HADS is a fourteen item scale. Seven of the items relate to anxiety and seven relate to depression. The anxiety and depression subscales each range from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating higher anxiety/depression complains. Patients were defined as having anxiety or depression or both if the score was 8 or more in the corresponding subscale.

Perceived Stress Scale (PSS)

The Perceived Stress Scale is the most widely used measure of global perceived stress, and is a robust predictor of health and disease. The Perceived Stress Scale can range from 0 to 40 with higher scores indicating higher perceived stress.

Mindful Attention Awareness Scale

The trait Mindful Attention Awareness Scale is a 15-item scale designed to assess a core characteristic of mindfulness. Higher scores on the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale are associated with fewer & less intense current unpleasant & negative emotional states.

psychological well-being

The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) is a self-administered questionnaire to screen and detect individuals with a diagnosable psychiatric disorder. The higher the General Health Questionnaire scores, the greater the degree to which the subject may suffer from a psychiatric distress