- ICH GCP
- US Clinical Trials Registry
- Clinical Trial NCT01053182
Esophagectomy Associated Respiratory Complications: Ivor-Lewis Versus Sweet Approaches
A Phase Ⅲ Study of Respiratory Complications Associated With Esophagectomy Through Either Ivor-Lewis or Sweet Approach for the Treatment of Middle or Lower Third Intrathoracic Esophageal Carcinoma
Study Overview
Status
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Background:
Esophageal cancer is a common malignant tumor in China and worldwide with poor prognosis. Although the surgical resection combined with adjuvant therapy constitutes the mainstay of the treatment the esophagectomy-associated complications are still life-threatening. Postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs), including pulmonary infection, atelectasis, edema and ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome) are the leading causes of the eventful postoperative episodes.
The diaphragm is the well known essential respiratory muscle whose normal function guarantees more than 30% of pulmonary function. Esophagectomy through left thoracotomy would inevitably cut off the left diaphragm for the abdominal procedure and thus greatly damage the diaphragmatic function. It has been assumed that Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy would save the pulmonary function to a great extent by retaining the intact diaphragm but the addition of a laparotomy would be unavoidable. However, this hypothesis has not been confirmed by any randomized controlled trial with adequate operation volume. At present, a large part of thoracic surgeons, for example in China, still prefer esophagectomy through Sweet approach believing that it is less traumatic. So far, there is presently no convincing evidence to guide the esophagectomy approach selection on the aspect of prevention of PPCs.
Objectives:
- To compare the PPCs rates after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy and Sweet esophagectomy
- To compare the degrees of diaphragm function deficiencies between two groups.
- To compare the pulmonary function results between two groups
- To compare the degrees of gastric emptying between two groups
Diagnostic Criteria for PPCs: any one of the followings and not because of anastomotic leak, massive pleural effusion and non-pulmonary origin infection:
- postoperative hypoxemia (PaO2≤ 60mmHg and/or PaCO2≥ 50mmHg) or dyspnea
- transfer to intensive care unit due to hypoxemia or dyspnea
- purulent pulmonary secretions requiring bronchoscopic suction
- dependence on oxygen mask or nasal tube for more than 5 days
- infiltrating or atelectasis in one pulmonary lobe or multiple segments identified by chest X-ray film or CT scan)
- postoperative hiatal hernia associated pulmonary dysfunction
- dependence on ventilator support for more than 48h
Degree of diaphragm function: The distance of diaphragmatic movement in centimeters
Pulmonary function measurement: FEV1, FVC and MMV
Gastric emptying function: Radioactivity remained at 15 minutes after ingestion of 100ml Tm99-labelled radioactive milk
Design:
Prospective randomized controlled trial.
Setting:
Thoracic Surgery Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Patients and methods:
All patients with histologically confirmed esophageal carcinoma located at the middle or lower thoracic esophagus presenting to our hospital will be considered for the study
Termination criteria:
- Intolerance of any of the treatment modality,
- Development of PPCs
- Development of any other severe complication, such as progressive bleeding, large pleural effusion, empyema
- Death
Staging investigations will be standard and will include
- Computed Tomography (CT) of Chest in all patients
- Fibroesophagoscopy in all patients
- Esophagogram by barium swallow in all patients
- Endoscopic Ultrasonography (EUS) wherever possible Further investigation likes bronchoscopy, PET scan, or MRI will be applied if indicated.
Randomization:
Complete randomization will be done using a computer generated sheet. Randomization will be performed after confirming resectability of the primary tumor and enlarged lymph nodes.
All surgeries will be performed under general anesthesia with epidural analgesia. The surgery will be performed either by Dr. Longqi Chen or Dr. Yidan Lin who is the faculty and professor of the thoracic surgery department of West China Hospital. Thoracic esophageal mobilization and mediastinal lymphadenectomy will be done by open thoracotomy. Stomach dissection and gastric tube making will be done either through the left diaphragm incision when left thoracotomy is applied or through the laparotomy when Ivor-Lewis approach is applied. Operative time, blood loss, blood product replacement and all intraoperative details will be recorded in the proforma. Patients will be shifted postoperatively to the intensive care unit (ICU) for observation and subsequently to the recovery or high dependency ward once stabilized. Postoperative details including period of postoperative ventilation, hemorrhage, pulmonary and cardiac complications, arrhythmias, thoracic duct leak, anastomotic leak, wound infection and recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis or palsy will be recorded. Postoperative mortality will be defined as 30-day mortality plus death before discharge after surgery. Patients will be started on oral feeds between the 8th and 10th day in the absence of an anastomotic leak. The total duration of ICU stay and hospital stay will also be recorded.
Sample size:
The sample size considering an improvement of morbidity of sever pulmonary complications from 15% to 5% will be 280 patients (140 in each arm). The trial will aim at enrolling 320 patients in order to adjust for protocol violations. Interim analyses will be done when ½ (160 events) of the estimated events occur. We expect to complete accrual of patients in three years.
Follow up:
No follow up after discharge. The long-term pulmonary function is not the concern of this clinical trail.
Data management:
All collected data will be entered into a statistical software package for subsequent analysis
Study Type
Enrollment (Anticipated)
Phase
- Phase 3
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
-
-
Sichuan
-
Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 610042
- Recruiting
- Thoracic Surgery Department, West China Hospital of Sichuan University
-
Contact:
- Longqi Chen, MD, PhD
- Phone Number: +86 138 8203 0466
- Email: wchrct001@gmail.com
-
Contact:
- Yidan Lin, MD, PhD
- Phone Number: +86 189 80602136
- Email: yidan.lin@gmail.com
-
Principal Investigator:
- Longqi Chen, MD, PhD
-
Sub-Investigator:
- Yidan Lin, MD, PhD
-
-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion criteria:
- Biopsy or cytology confirmed esophageal carcinoma.
- No-contraindication to surgery.
- Tumor locates at middle or lower thoracic esophagus (e.g. below the level of azygos vein according to AJCC cancer staging manual, esophageal and esophagogastric junctional cancer, 7th edition, 2009), so that the anastomosis could be completed within the thorax
- Informed consent.
Exclusion criteria:
- Patients with low performance status (ECOG score > 1)
- Refuse to participate
- History of adjuvant chemo and/or radiotherapy
- History of malignancy
- Previous abdominal and/or thoracic surgery
- History of pleural disease with obvious pleural adhesion on X-ray examination
- Contraindication to any of the planned intervention procedure
- Pregnancy
- Age of ≥ 70 years
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Prevention
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
---|---|
Active Comparator: Ivor-Lewis
Esophagectomy via Right Side Thoracotomy Plus Midline Laparotomy Approach
|
Esophagectomy via Right Side Thoracotomy Plus Midline Laparotomy Approach
Other Names:
|
Active Comparator: Sweet
Esophagectomy via Left Side Thoracotomy
|
Esophagectomy through Left Side Thoracotomy
Other Names:
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Time Frame |
---|---|
morbidity of postoperative pulmonary complications
Time Frame: within 10 postoperative days
|
within 10 postoperative days
|
Secondary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Time Frame |
---|---|
diaphragm movement, pulmonary function, stomach emptying
Time Frame: within 10 postoperative days
|
within 10 postoperative days
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Investigators
- Study Director: Longqi Chen, MD, PhD, West China Hospital
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (Anticipated)
Study Completion (Anticipated)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Estimate)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Estimate)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- WCH-RCT-001
This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.
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